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Animal models: important tools for studying SARS-CoV-2 infection
Get PDFEver since the appearance of COVID-19, the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV2 infection, the identification of treatments and
the development of vaccines have been priorities. This search for preventive and therapeutic strategies has been carried out
using animal models adapted to the problem under study
The contributions of wildlife to people’s livelihoods and economic development in Sub-Saharan Africa
No full textWildlife has the potential to
support people’s livelihoods and economic
development in many African countries. The
objective of the review was to evaluate the
potential contribution of wildlife to people’s
livelihoods and economic development in
Africa. Several databases were searched to
identify articles that have explored the
contributions of wildlife to people’s
livelihoods and economic development. The
results indicate that wildlife contributes both
consumptive and non-consumptive resources
towards people’s livelihoods, with bush meat
being the greatest consumptive contribution
and employment the greatest nonconsumptive
contribution. Revenue collected
from tourists, trophy hunting, and game
viewing have been used for infrastructure
and rural development. However, wildlife
has declined in many African countries due
to land redistribution, drought, habitat
fragmentation, human population growth,
and illegal hunting. Setting up law
enforcement agents and creating communitybased
wildlife management could restore the
benefits of wildlife
Assessment of wihdrawal period of oxytetracycline post treatment of pigs and poultry in Romania
Get PDFThe presence of antimicrobial residues in animal products must be lower than maxim residue level (MRL), other way
may have adverse effects on consumer health such as allergic reactions and resistance development. Withdrawal periods
are used to avoid animas to be slaughter before the concentration of MRL declines with respect for public health’s and
waste food. The paper investigates the use of oxytetracycline in pigs and poultry with a focus on the differences on the
withdrawal periods for different products used in Romania. The original question is whether compliance with the
withdrawal period can be used to judge compliance with the MRL and its applicability for pigs and poultry industry
Studies on the correlation between exploited areas along crop structure and the main economic-financial indicators
Get PDFThe present paper addresses a topical issue for the agricultural production sector and it is based on an economic-financial indicators analysis for a series of 17 main agricultural crops. The practical research was carried out with information and data for 10 agricultural holdings in Iași County. They operate in the vegetable production sector and have a solid commercial representation on the national market. The main indicators used in the study are: crops and shared areas for each of the 10 analyzed units, considering the relevance of crops for the national economy and economic-financial indicators relevant for the design of the production activity: turnover, profit, employes number. The reference year for which the research was carried out is 2021. The work methodology mainly uses quantitative methods and descriptive analysis, with the processing and interpretation of data that have been organized in a design configured according to the specifics of the paper. In addition, qualitative information collected through interviews is used. The results of the paper indicate the relevance of basic agricultural crops for the performance of large enterprises
Introducing architectural -landscape elements in urban squares for higher quality of life
No full textThe value and attractiveness of landscaped green spaces stem from their ability to satisfy the general need for urban comfort and quality of life. This study suggests a redevelopment of Independence square by introducing architectural and landscape elements ensuring a higher degree of attractiveness. The square is located in the center of Iasi between Independence Boulevard and Vasile Conta Street, creating a large urban triangle with Union and Mihai Eminescu Squares. The redevelopment solution was created and presented in detail considering site features, using practical functional and urban composition research. The aim of this proposal was to meet such current goals as creating a comfortable urban environment for relaxation, socialization, and contemplation but also raising the quality of daily life and free-time spending in a pollution-free environment. The suggested concept tried to create a unitary and multifunctional space covered by a set of landscaping effects that harmoniously integrate the area into the urban tissue of Iasi
In vitro bisphenol A effect on TFAM and SIRT1 gene expression in porcine oocyte mitochondria
Get PDFMitochondria are the main cellular organelle responsible for energy production, having an essential role in maintaining
cellular homeostasis. In this study, the gene expression of TFAM (Transcription Factor A Mitochondrial) and SIRT1
(Silent Information Regulator) in sow oocytes cultured in vitro was assessed using the RT-qPCR reaction. The primers
were tailored after our own design. The groups were: V1 (matured oocytes, control group), V2 (matured oocytes with
hormones), V3 (medium supplemented with Bisphenol A), V4 (medium supplemented with Bisphenol A and
hormones). Our findings reveal a reduction in SIRT1 activity following maturation in all experimental groups, while
TFAM activity displayed more elevated levels, seemingly independent of the SIRT1 gene expression. The highest values
of gene expression for TFAM and SIRT1 were obtained in V2 (supplemented with FSH and LH, - 0.277 and 0.010) and
V4 (FSH, LH and bisphenol A - 0.272 and 0.015) without significant differences (p=0.941). Bisphenol A alone
generated low values, presumably due to its endocrine disruptor action. We concluded that FSH/LH addition might
rescue some of the TFAM expression during bisphenol treatment, but the mechanism might be independent of SIRT1
The Effect of One-Year Seed Spaceflight Storage on Yield, Biochemical and Mineral Characteristics of Mature Leafy Vegetables Belonging to Brassicaceae, Apiaceae and Asteraceae Families
No full textSpaceflight is known to produce genetic changes in seeds, usually accelerating aging, though species and varietal differences have been poorly investigated. Comparisons were carried out in terms of yield, biochemical characteristics and mineral composition between mature plants grown from seeds subjected to a one-year spaceflight, belonging to Brassicaceae (Brassica juncea and Eruca sativa), Apiaceae (Anethus graveolens, and Coriandrum sativum), and Asteraceae (Lactuca sativa, six cultivars) families, and non-treated control. Among the studied species, only Brassica juncea and Eruca sativa demonstrated a growth stimulation effect caused by seed spaceflight, while significant growth inhibition was recorded in Apiaceae plants and three cultivars of Lactuca sativa L. No differences in the total antioxidant activity (AOA), polyphenol and ascorbic acid content were detected between ‘space-treated’ and control plants. On the contrary, significant decrease in proline accumulation and increase in malonic dialdehyde and photosynthetic pigments levels were shown by Brassicaceae species. The effect of long-term seed spaceflight on the mineral composition of mature plants was reflected in the inhibition of accumulation of all 24 elements analyzed in Apiaceae plants, except for Se, whose concentration was higher in all ‘space-treated’ plants compared to the control. Spaceflight seed storage increased V levels in lettuce and decreased Na accumulation in all the investigated species. The results reveal species-dependent changes in the accumulation of macro-, micro- and toxic elements in Apiaceae, Brassicacea, and Asteraceae representatives due to spaceflight seed storage. The detected differences in plant elemental composition between ‘space’ treatment and control partly explain the corresponding yield gap and suggest a relationship between mineral status and adaptability. The highest beneficial effect of spaceflight seed storage on yield was recorded in Eruca sativa cultivar, Rusalochka
The eco-food promotion by sustainable and efficient tools
Get PDFThe paper aims to show and explain the usefulness of tools used for the eco-food products promotion. The approach is
done from two perspectives: efficiency and sustainability goals. By reconsidering the multiple dimensions of qualitative
food and the ecological attitude, we build a dashboard of modern promotion techniques that consider the objectives of
sustainable development and quantify the progress achieved. The approach is on three value levels: economic, social
and ecological. The analysis is done for the last 5 years, with data from Romania related to the food that is produced
and consumed in the eco context. All these are in accordance with the requirements of sustainable development. The
research is based on thematic description, analysis and synthesis. The specific indicators of sustainable development
and others are considered. These indicators are drawn regarding the efficiency of sustainable and efficient tools, the
progress achieved in supporting sustainable development and the contribution of eco-food to the wellbeing
improvement and economic growth or stability. Even the separated topics are very well approached in the specialty
literature, the connection between them and the boldness to expose another face of promotion is mainly an original
approach
Invasive nematofauna affecting plum under the environmental conditions of the Republic of Moldova
No full textParasitic nematodes and virus diseases individually can cause serious losses in plum production, however in combination, they can be very destructive to crops in the long-term. The result of the conducted investigation revealed that abundance of nematodes in the Northern area of the Republic of Moldova ranged from 50 to 250 specimens per 100 g of sampled soil. In the Central area, the values varied more comparative to Northern part, ranging from 80 to 300 specimens per 100 g of soil, due to temperature variations and humidity. Altogether, 32 species of free living and plant parasitic nematodes from fruit trees crops were revealed. The most frequent proved to be species from the orders Thylenchida and Dorylaimida, the genera Pratylenchus, Rotylenchus, Ditylenchus and Criconemoides. In addition, the species Xiphinema index, X. brevicole, X. vuitennezi and Longidorus elongates were identified as vectors of viral pathogens. According to the trophic specialization, 5 groups of nematodes were detected, the most abundant being the group of plant parasitic nematodes (18 species), which seriously affect absorbing bristles, followed by specialized endo- and ecto-parasitic adaptations and vectors of viral pathogens. These investigations present a major significance for developing netological management programs in plum orchards
The influence of treatments with various phytosanitary products (fungicides) on the attack of some phytopathogenic fungi on barley harvest, Donau variety, in 2022 pedoclimatic conditions of the eastern Baragan
No full textThis study aims at monitoring the dynamics of the occurrence and evolution of the attack of some pathogens to barley,
among which we mention: mildew (Blummeria graminis f.sp. hordei), leaf stripe (Pyrenophora graminea) and barley’s
rust (Puccinia hordei). Also, the influence of applying these fungicides on the harvest, as well as of the number of
treatments/ha as compared to the untreated control variant, has been monitored. For this study, an experiment with 6
treatment variants was created, being used the following phytosanitary products: EVALIA (azoxystrobin 250 g/l),
RETENGO (200 g/l pyraclostrobin) and NATIVO PRO 325 SL (prothioconazole 175 g/l + trifloxystrobin 150 g/l). The
treatment variants were the following: V1- RETENGO 0.8 l/ha, 1 treatment was applied on 13th April + 1 treatment on
17th May; V2 – EVALIA 0.75 l/ha, 1 treatment was applied on 13th April +1 treatment on 17th May; V3-NATIVO PRO
0.6l/ha, 1 treatment was applied on 13th April + 1 treatment on 17th May; V4- RETENGO 0.8 l/ha, 1 treatment was
applied on 22nd May, V5- EVALIA 1.0 l/ha, 1 treatment was applied on 22nd May, V6- NATIVO 0.7 l/ha, 1 treatment
was applied on 22nd May, V7 - Untreated Control Variant. The experiment was placed in Latin square, the 7 variants
being placed in 7 repetitions. The year 2022 was a year where the spring and the beginning of summer were very dry,
totally unfavorable to pathogen attacks. The experiment was not irrigated. Among the pathogens monitored, very weak
attacks by the fungus Pyrenophora graminea, which produces, in barley, the disease known as leaf stripe, were
observed. This led to very uniform yields in the variants studied. Basically, no significant yield differences occurred in
the climate conditions of 2022 between the untreated control variant and the variants that were treated with fungicides.
The variant’s yields were: V1 – 5,276 to/ha, V2 – 5,292 to/ha, V3 – 5,451 to/ha, V4 – 5,184 to/ha, V5 – 5,601 to/ha, V6
– 5,585 to/ha and V7 – 5,508 to/ha