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The pytomass quality of chickpea, Cicer arietinum L., under the conditions of Moldova
No full textWe investigated the quality indices of the phytomass from chickpea, Cicer arietinum, the local cultivar ‘Ichel’, grown in monoculture in an experimental field of the National Botanical Garden (Institute), Chişinău, Republic of Moldova It was determined that the nutrient content of the dry matter of chickpea whole plants cut in the flowering - early pod stage included: 19.31% CP, 4.23% EE, 22.62% CF, 43.57% NFE, 10.26 % ash, 1.45% Ca, 0.32% P with 18.46 MJ/kg GE, 9.83 MJ/kg ME, 5.74 MJ/kg NEl. The fermentation quality and nutritive value of silage and haylage prepared from chickpea plants were characterized by the following indices: pH= 4.40-4.47, 27.6-34.5 g/kg lactic acid, 2.5-2.8 g/kg acetic acid, 0.3-0.4 g/kg butyric acid, 19.64-20.61% CP, 25.67-6.15% EE, 24.57-25.32 % CF, 36.77-39.20% NFE 10.92-11.15 % ash, 1.39-1.41% Ca, 0.35-0.39 % P, 18.75-18.90 MJ/kg GE, 9.81-9.81 MJ/kg ME, 5.47-5.55 MJ/kg NEl. The nutrient content and energy value of the prepared hay was: 19.77% CP, 2.64% EE, 27.01% CF, 39.21% NFE, 11.37% ash, 1.46% Ca, 0.31% P, 18.07 MJ/kg GE, 8.81 MJ/kg ME, 4.98 MJ/kg NEl. It has been determined that the studied fresh and ensiled substrates have C/N=15-16 and the biochemical methane potential reaches 312-322 l/kg ODM. The local chickpea cultivar ‘Ichel’ can be used as an alternative forage source for farm animals or as co-substrate in biogas generators for renewable energy production
The influence of the applied management on the phytodiversity of a Festuca valesiaca Schleich. ex Gaudin permanent meadow
No full textThe problem of diversity has reached the top of current concerns, because modern agriculture has recently been focused on the development of methods and procedures that allow the administration of a relatively small number of species, with the aim of immediate economic interest. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the applied management on the phytodiversity of a Festuca valesiaca permanent meadow in the Moldovian forest-steppe. The experimental factor was: fertilization with seven graduations: V1- unfertilized (control), V2- N50P50 kg/ha annually, V3- N75P75 kg/ha annually, V4- N100P100 kg/ha annually, V5-10 t/ha sheep manure annually, V6-20 t/ha annually and V7-30 t/ha annually sheep manure applied at two years. The applied fertilizers influenced the floristic composition, producing, quantitative and qualitative changes in the vegetal cover. The dominance and frequency of the species, as well as the variation of the Shannon diversity index, were largely influenced by the amount of mineral N, the amount of manure, but also by the number of years of the fertilization period
Contributions regarding some soil yeast strains from vineyard Iași, Romania
Get PDFThe aim of this research was to isolating and selection soil yeast strains from the indigenous flora of Iasi vineyard. In the research activity, were chosen four grape varieties Fetească Neagră, Fetească Albă, Busuioacă de Bohotin and Fetească Neagră from the ampelographic collection of "Vasile Adamachi" Farm, from viticultural center Copou. The experimental protocol provided for the sampling of soil samples in two different phenophases of plant development: the end of flowering and ripeness stage. The soil samples were taken at 3 depths: 5-10 cm, 10-15 cm, 15-20 cm. Isolation of yeast strains and obtaining pure cultures was accomplished by successive replicates using the GPCA solid medium seeding technique. Thus, 18 yeast strains were selected from the soil and analyzed morphologically regarding the shape, profile, color and surface of the colony
Research on the sustainable use of soil resources through irrigation and drainage arrangements in the Insula Mare of Brăila
No full textAdvanced Design for Experimental Optimisation of Physico-Mechanical Characteristics of Sustainable Local Hemp Concrete
No full textThe meaning of technological progress is to produce economic development and to increase the level of personal comfort. Sustainability can only be achieved if, at the microsystem level as well as at the macrosystem level, the secondary effects of the activities undertaken by people on the environment are in a state of neutrality compared to the impact they can produce on natural conditions. This neutrality can be intrinsic or can be achieved through coercive and compensatory measures. If we take into account the production of carbon dioxide that accompanies a product from the stages of conceptualisation, design, procurement of materials, execution, operation, maintenance, decommissioning and recycling the waste produced at the end of use, then nothing can be sustainable in pure form. Nevertheless, there are products whose production, both as a raw material and as a technological process, can be neutral in terms of carbon emissions. Moreover, they can even become carbon negative over time. This is also the case with eco-sustainable hemp concrete, whose capacity to absorb carbon dioxide starts from the growth phase of the plant from which the raw material is obtained and continues throughout the existence of the constructed buildings. Not only does it absorb carbon dioxide, but it also stores it for a period of at least 50 years as long as the construction is guaranteed, being at the same time completely recyclable. However, in order to obtain an optimal mixture from the point of view of raw material consumption, represented by industrial hemp wood chips and the binder based on lime and cement, multiple experiments are necessary. The study presented in this work is based on the use of an advanced method of experimental planning (design of experiments method), which makes possible the correlation between the values obtained experimentally and the algorithm that generated the matrix arrangement of the quantities of materials used in the recipes. This approach helps to create the necessary framework for parametric optimisation with a small number of trials. Thus, it is possible to obtain the mathematical law valid within the minimum and maximum limits of the studied domain that defines the characteristics of the material and allows the achievement of optimisation. The material is thus designed to satisfy the maximum thermal insulation requirements that it can achieve depending on a certain minimum admissible compressive strength
Row spacing and foliar fertilization effects on production of Foeniculum vulgare Mill.
No full textThroughout history, people have become aware of the possibility of using plants, both as raw materials in food and for
treating various medical conditions. Also, along with the evolution of mankind, the methods of using various species of
aromatic and medicinal plants have been attained. At the same time, a multitude of information about the curative
effects of plants, as well as the level of toxicity of some species, has also been accumulated. The objective of this
research was to establish the effects of row spacing and foliar fertilization on fresh grass, seeds and essential oil
production of two fennel varieties: Foeniculum vulgare var. vulgare and Foeniculum vulgare var. dulce. The field
experiment was set in Research Station – Ezăreni Farm University of Life Sciences, Iasi, in three years, 2020, 2021 and
2022. The results showed a significant impact of both rows spacing and foliar treatments on the production values. A
genetic influence of variety can also be distinguished, the fresh grass, seed and essential oil production showing higher
values in case of Foeniculum vulgare var. vulgare, compared to Foeniculum vulgare var. dulce. In case of both fennel
varieties, the highest production values were obtained with 50 cm between rows and complex foliar treatment (amino
acids, macronutrients and micronutrients)
Research on the acclimatization and breeding of Sideritis hyssopifolia L. in Romania
No full textSideritis hyssopifolia L., perennial plant of the genus Sideritis, is also known as hyssop-leaved mountain ironwort. In its area of origin in northwestern Europe, it is valued as an aromatic and medicinal plant and used in the prevention and treatment of digestive ailments. It has been studied at Plant Genetic Resources Bank Buzău since 2019, being the subject of intensive acclimatization and improvement works with the purpose of obtaining new creations with distinct genotypic and biochemical characteristics. The genetic material used was from the centers of origin: Spain, Portugal, Madeira and Canary Islands, and the breeding methods were repeated individual selection followed by negative mass selection. In order to prevent the biological contamination of genotypes with foreign pollen, insulators with textile material were used. Cultivar G5, superior in terms of acclimation and genetic stability, also exhibited distinct phenotypic expressivity. At the same time, specific culture technology was developed with the aim of promoting it among farmers
Helium Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet Effects on Two Cultivars of Triticum aestivum L.
No full textThe use of cold plasma in the treatment of seeds before sowing presents a promising technique for sustainable agriculture. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of cold plasma treatment on the morphology of wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L. ‘Dacic’ and ‘Otilia’), their germination, biochemical composition, and the nutritional quality of wheat grass. Wheat seeds were morphologically and elementally characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), X-ray computer tomography (CT), and particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE). Helium was used as a working gas for plasma generation and the analysis of the species produced showed the presence of NOγ, OH, N2 and N2+ and O. Evaluation of germination and plant growth for 10 days (wheat grass stage) highlighted a specific trend for each cultivar. The biochemical analysis of wheat grass highlighted an increase in the chlorophyll content in the plasma-treated variants, an increase in the flavonoid and polyphenol content in ‘Dacic’-treated variant, while the soluble protein content, antioxidant activity, and color were not affected. The analysis of the nutritional quality of wheat grass by the FT-NIR analytical technique highlighted an increase in the ash content in the plasma-treated wheat cultivars, while the humidity, proteins, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and energy values were not affected
Phenotypic variability evaluation of wheat varieties from the Suceava Gene Bank Collection
No full textThe intensity of selection,
inadvertent pathways of domestication, and
the influence of climate change collectively
amplify the frequency of detrimental alleles.
This phenomenon, in turn, triggers genetic
drift, leading to an in-advertent decline in the
diversity of plant genetic resources. Genetic
variability is of utmost importance for a
species’ adaptability and overall fitness. Our
investigation centres on Triticum germplasm
within the agroclimatic conditions of the
Suceava Gene Bank, encompassing 2021–
2022 field trials. Comprehensive
morphophysiological characterisation was
conducted across 200 cultivated varieties,
spanning three Triticum species (T. aestivum,
T. turgidum and T. monococcum). Initially,
the data underwent meticulous processing
involving the computation of amplitude of
variation, variance (s2), standard deviation
(√s), and coefficients of variation (s%) for
three pivotal agronomical traits: plant height,
spikelets per spike, and total seeds per spike.
Furthermore, an extensive cluster analysis
was performed, encompassing multiple vital
plant descriptors. The findings unveiled a
remarkable dispersion of data, with standard
deviation, amplitude of variation, and
coefficient of variation collectively
indicating substantial variability among the
cultivated varieties. Within the same
population, an intriguing observation
emerged; of the 200 genotypes analysed, 83
exhibited immunity to Septoria tritici.
Delving deeper into the statistical analysis,
we identified two primary clusters within the
population. Overall, a significant proportion
of this germplasm showcased elevated
phenotype scores, rendering them well-suited for further exploration as foundational
material in pre-breeding initiatives
Prevalence of infection with Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens in dogs from the South-Eastern Part of Romania
Get PDFAs a result of global warming, the change in the biological cycle of vectors and the increase in intercontinental travels,
we are now facing an increase in the number of cases of vector-borne diseases. Among these, heartworm disease has
escalated in recent years in Romania, with cases increasing in many parts of our country. Our study was carried out in
the South-Eastern part of Romania, with the aim of establishing the prevalence of heartworm disease in dogs, with the
identification of the two species Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens. Blood samples were collected during the
period May - July 2022 and January - July 2023, from 220 dogs with and without an owner from Tulcea county, from
places such as Tulcea, Murighiol, Somova, Mineri, Niculițel. The blood samples were tested through the Knott method,
which is considered as the reference method in the diagnosis of dirofilariosis in dogs. The results show a prevalence of
Dirofilaria spp. infection of 11.36% in dogs. Of the 220 samples examined by the Knott test, 25 were positive for
circulating microfilariae, of which 21 showed infestations with Dirofilaria immitis and 4 with co-infection with
Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens. The study underlines the importance of introducing monitoring and control
programs for heartworm disease in dogs in Romania