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Influenţa aplicării combinate a rizobacteriilor B. japonicum şi P. putidape fondal de fertilizare minerală şi organică asupra conţinutului de prolină la soia în condiţii insuficiente de fosfor şi secetă moderată
Get PDFThe use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is considered a strategy to improve plant tolerance in hostile environments. However, its underlying mechanisms are not completly understood under phosphorus (P) insufficiency and water deficit conditions. In the present study, a vegetation vesselsexperiment was conducted to assess the combined effects of Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculation with Pseudomonas putida in conjunction with P and organic fertilization on proline contents of soybean (Glycine max L.) plants grown in P-deficientsoil and subjected to moderate drought. The experimental results demonstrated that the application of both strains significantly changed proline contents in leaves and roots, especially under moderate drought and P insufficiency compared to the inoculation with the symbiotic B. japonicum strain alone. The rhizobacteria strains application without fertilization or with cattle manure increased proline accumulation in leaves under drought but did not affect significantly this parameter in well-watered plants.By contrast, integrated use of isolates decreased proline concentration in roots of soybean with mineral P and organic fertilization regardless of soil moisture level. In conclusion, the combined use of B. japonicum and P. putida is efficient approach to improve soybean growth and drought tolerance through altering proline contents, especially in soil with P insufficiency as well as under application of organic fertilizer
Germination of black gram (VIGNA MUNGO L.) seed is influenced by different storage containers and storage periods
Get PDFA laboratory test was carried
out to examine the influence of various
storage containers and periods on the
germination percentage of black gram seed.
In this research, three seed containers, viz.
sealed tin container, poly bag and gunny bag
were used to store the seeds, as well as
seeds were stored for three different storage
periods, viz. 15, 30 and 45 days and thereby
conducted germination tests. The results
revealed that storage and storage periods
considerably influenced the germination
percentage (GP) of black gram seed.
The highest GP of 87.73% was found in the
seeds stored at sealed tin container, while
the lowest GP (71.08%) was observed in the
seeds stored in gunny bag. Among the three
storage containers, the GP reduced rapidly
in the seeds stored in gunny bags (6.52%),
followed by poly bag (18.98%).
The maximum values of GP (85.43%) of
black gram seed were recorded when 15
days after storage (DAS), whereas the
lowest GP (68.33%) was at 45 DAS, and the
GP decreased noticeably with the increase
of storage periods from 15 to 30 and to 45
DAS. In combination influence of storage
containers and storage periods, the
maximum GP (85.90%) was recorded at
when seeds kept in sealed tin container with
stored for the shortest duration (15 DAS),
while the minimum (58.11%) was recorded
in the seeds stored in gunny bag for the
longest period with 45 DAS. Seeds stored in the sealed tin containers exhibited an
excellent performance regarding GP with
the shortest storage periods and, thereby,
black gram should be kept in sealed tin
containers or like this air tight containers for
storage, as well as seeds should be sun dried
after a short period for maintaining seed
quality
Responses of microbial communities in different soil types under various management regimes in the Southeast region of Moldavia, Romania
No full textIn this study, we examined the diversity and abundance of microbial population isolated from different soil types under different agricultural regimes (permanent grassland and arable land under agricultural rotation) from southeast region of Moldavia, Romania. Soil types, human activities and various land management regimes all have great impact on soil biology, but our knowledge of biodiversity of soil microorganisms is still very limited. Therefore, in 2018 we assessed responses of soil microbial communities to various management regimes, and analyzed six soils showing different land use from distinct localities. At each site, five replicate bulk samples were taken, consisting of 10 randomly collected sub-samples from the surface soil (10-15 cm horizon). The samples were transported to the laboratory, stored overnight at 4°C, air-dried at room temperature and sieved (2-mm mesh) prior to further use in the experiment. The influence of soil types, human activities and land use on the total number of microorganisms (CFU*g-1
), relationships between the main groups (bacteria and fungi) and the spectrum of filamentous fungi from our experiment were established.
Occurrence and distribution of filamentous fungi isolated from these soils provide new insights into ecology and niche
specialization of several soil-borne species. Overall, genera composition of filamentous fungi from different soil types
was not very heterogeneous and many fungal genera were common to all location.
Our results suggest that land usage and soil management system have a significant impact on microbial richness and
diversity. Extensive use of xenobiotic compounds in agriculture will degrade soil microbial communities, because they
affect directly microbial abundance and composition, and indirectly soil texture and fertilit
Determinarea caracteristicilor senzoriale ale unor probe de distilat de prune obţinute în regiunea bazinului pomicol Argeş
No full textPlum distillate is an alcoholic drink obtained by the fermentation and
distillation of plums. Its quality is determined by many factors, such as climate
characteristics, soil, plum varieties and technological process. The aim of this
study was to analyze the sensorial characteristics of plum distillate samples
produced through an authentic manufacturing process in Argeş region,
Romania (purchased from different producers). A total of 26 samples were
analyzed. A sensory analysis was done by qualified professional tasters,
according to the method of positive scoring. Each sample was marked from 0 to
5, the average representing the intensity level of each item. The analyzed
characteristics may constitute a basis for the identification and authentication
of the quality of these products
Studii preliminare privind alegerea şi pregătirea substraturilor pentru cultura la ghivece şi container
No full textThe paper presents a study on the main pedological, agrochemical and biological indices of the different types of substrate used for growing vegetables in pots and containers in order to optimize the growth and development of plants. The researchewere carried out in an experimental field set up at the Didactic Center of the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iasi. Three types of substrate were used: S1 -substrate made from 35% garden soil, 35% compost, 20% peat, 10% sandand pearlite, S2-substrate made of earth 35% garden, 20% compost, 35% peat, 10% sand and pearlite; S3 -commercially available substrate. Determinations havebeen made on:nutrients, pH, humidity and granulometry. Substrate quality assessment was performed on the basis of yield and harvest qualit
Is biological control a solution for maize plants protection against maize leaf weevil (Tanymecus dilaticollis Gyll) attack in climatic conditions specific from South-East of the Romania?
No full textMaize leaf weevil (Tanymecus dilaticollis Gyll) is the most dangerous pest of the maize, in south and south-east of the
Romania. The attack is dangerous when maize plants are in first vegetation stages (plants emergence-four leaf stage,
BBCH 10-BBCH 14), in some cases maize crop can be total destroyed. Each year, in maximum favorable areas for this
pest, there is attacked, with different intensity degrees, one million hectares cultivated with maize. Seeds chemical
treatment with systemic insecticides represented the most efficacy method of maize crops protection against attack of
this pest, in climatic conditions specific for south east of the Romania. As result of the EU directive 485/2013, starting
from year 2014, the use of the neonicotiond insecticides (imidacloprid, clothianidin, thiametoxan active ingredients) for
spring crops seeds treatment, was restricted. However, in perioad 2014-2018, Romania obtained derogations for use of
these insecticides for seed treatment of maize and sunflower crops. As result of EU states vote, in 27 April, 2018, it has
decided total ban of using of this three active ingredients from neonicotinoids class at all field crops, starting from 2019.
As result, in Romania, at maize crop, no active ingredient will remain available for seed treatment against maize leaf
weevil attack. In this paper there were presented results of a three-year study, effectuated at NARDI Fundulea,
concerning the efficacy of the biological insecticides, used both at seed treatment and foliar spraying (spinosad active
ingredient and neem oil) comparative with seed treatment with imidacloprid active ingredient (600 g/l). In the three
study years, the lowest attack level of the Tanymecus dilaticollis at maize plants it has registered in case of the variant
with seeds treated with imidacloprid. In climatic conditions specific from south-east of Romania, in period 2016-2018
there weren’t statistical differences (p<0.5) between control (untreated) variant and variants treated with biological
products, both like seed treatment and foliar spraying
Aspects on insurances and determination of damages in agriculture
No full textRisk and uncertainty are two aspects specific to agricultural activities, the influence of natural factors can cause
significant damage to producers. Determining and analisys of risk in agriculture is a problem for all agricultural
producers. Insurance is a system of economic relations involving a large number of individuals and legal entities in the
creation of a fund, as they are all threatened by the same dangers. The purpose of the paper is to evaluate and analyze
the risk related to agricultural activities, which are under the influence of natural factors whose uncertain evolution can
cause significant damage to agricultural producers. The objective of the paper is to determine by economically and
estimative point of view damages by quantifying the damage and determining the amount of compensation against the
level of the damage. The paper analyzes, punctually, methodologically the degree of damage of wheat cultivated with
wheat in Trade Company "ROXDAL AGRO" LLC. Based on the calculation made for determining the degree of
damage of the surface cultivated with wheat at Trade Company ROXDAL AGRO LLC, based on the inclination of 300
,
the inclination of 450
and the inclination of 600
, resulted the following degrees of damage: 11.38%, 13.99% and
19.88%. Total damage, calculated on a weighted average basis, is 15.83% on an area of 50 ha. The degree of damage to
crops in the field, given by the ratio of the number of plants destroyed and the number of plants found to exist before
the occurrence of the phenomenon, was 23.45% for fruit and flowers and 4.59% for stems and leaves. The final degree
of damage is 28.04%. If the culture is totally calamitous, the damage rate would be 50%, taking into account the time
from planting to the recording of the calamity phenomenon = 120 days and the output of the crop, related to the time
spent by at planting, 5
Relaţia dintre anumite caracteristici morfologice şi producţie la fasolea urcătoare ecologică
No full textThe “components of yield” approach has been used widely to explain variations in the yield of grain legumes. The study has been conducted at Vegetable Research and Development Station (VRDS Buzau), under the normal testing conditions of 2018. The biological material was represented by 12 genotypes from the climbing beans(Phaseolus vulgarisL.) collectionof the Physiology, Agro-chemistry and Organic Crops Laboratory. A significant genetic variability has been found between climbing bean genotypes, for all indicators which have been analyzed. Some elements which define the pod architecture, the thickness and width have had a significant positive influence on yield indexes for climbing bean genotypes. Two lines of the climbing beans collection(L49M şi L6U) at VRDS Buzau have been identified with a very good performance in yield index on climatic conditions of 2018. These varieties could be used in the breeding program in agro-ecological system for obtaining new cultivars with a good performance in yield
Influenţa condiţiilor de păstrare asupra unor compuşi bioactivi din fructele de pădure şi contribuţia acestora asupra sănătăţii umane
No full textThe main criteria underlying this research consist in assessing the influence of the principal storage technologies on the content of some bioactive compounds contained by berry fruits. To balance fluctuations in product supply and market demand, fresh berry fruits often require short-or long-term storage in order to extend the supply of the berry fruits beyond the end ofthe harvest season. Understanding the interaction between the fruits and the environment is crucial for obtaining the most suitable conditions for extending shelf life. Portions of 250 g of strawberries, cranberries, gooseberries, blackberries or raspberries contain considerably more than the minimum daily requirement of vitamin C, while most of the other fruit can provide more than half the daily requirement. In order to freeze the berries fruits, generally no pretreatments are applied and therefore no changes in nutritive values occur during storage if proper packaging is used. During thawing, however, losses may occur. The fruits were monitorized in three fixed time points of refrigerated storage conditions at 20C, and also after different freezing condition (-180C in laboratory freezing condition and from supermarket freezing condition). The biological material studied was represented by 4 types of berries, as follows: Vaccinum myrtillius, Ribes rubrum, Rubus fructicocus and Rubus idaeus which were asseassed in terms of quality in fresh condition (T0 –moment), and after 3, respectively 7 days of refrigerate storage condition as well as after 6 month of freezing (in bulk and packaged in polyethylene bags). The soluble dry matter substances content was noticed to decrease in refrigerated storage condition between T1 and T2 time points (p<0.001). As concerning the differences in vitamin C content between fruits storage in bulk and packaged with polyethylene film were highlight significantly higher values (p<0.001) for all analyzed species that were packaged also in freezing storage conditions. When compared to the other fruits tested, the red gooseberries (43.5 mg/ 100 g), followed by raspberries (35.6 mg/ 100 g) were evidenced by their high vitamin C content. By keeping the fruits refrigerated for 7 days, although the sensory characteristics have undergone major changes, a significant decrease in vitamin C content is noted, however its final values at Tf moment are still remarkable: 27.8 mg/ 100 g for currants and 24.3 mg/ 100 g for raspberries
Profilul aromatic bazat pevalorile activităţii odorante şi pe seriilor aromatice în vinurile roşii supuse diferitelor tipuri de maturare cuchips-uri din stejar american şi francez
No full textUse of oak wood during the process of wine ageing is an ancient and common practice in most of the world’s wine producing regions. In this study, the contribution of a chemical compound to the aroma of a wine was evaluated by determining the odour activity value (OAV). OAV,was calculated as the ratio between the concentration of an individual compound and the perception threshold reported in the literature. The analytical aroma profile was established by using the OAVs of each odorant compounds exhibiting similar odor descriptor grouped in an aroma series. Majoraroma contributors in the Feteascăneagră wine aged with American and French oak chips were the fruity, chemistry, fatty and floral series followed by the woody series. Red wines analyzed at 1.5 and 3 months present similar behaviour,howeverwines aged with 5 g/L of French oak chips distinguished from the rest when using PC