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Changes in soil biota and its relationships with soil properties across different land-use types
No full textThe purpose of this paper was to determine the changes in soil biota from typical chernozems across different land-use
types, as well as to determine its interdependence with the soil properties. In the paper were investigated loamy-clayey
typical chernozems in the following variants: arable; 15 years under the fallow; 60 years under the fallow. It was
established that the parameters of the biological indices decrease on the soil profile with the depth. It was observed that
in arable soils the main fauna mass is concentrated in the layer 20-60 cm. Also, due to the strong compaction of these
soils, there is an abrupt decrease in the number of invertebrates and the change of microfauna structure. The content of
microbial biomass gradually decreases with depth in all studied soil profiles. There is a significant decrease of the
microbial biomass content in arable chernozems compared to the other soils. These values range from 280.7 μ g C g-1
soil in the 0-25 cm layer to 217.8 μ g C g-1
soil in the 35-50 cm layer. Due to the lower number of bacteria,
actinomycetes and fungi in arable soils, there is a considerable prevalence of microorganisms decomposing humus.
Interaction of soil biota and its metabolites with soil vegetation leads to structure improvement, formation of valuable
agronomic aggregates and increase of their hydrostability. A close correlation between the biomass indices, the number
of microorganisms and the structure of typical chernozems in the former 0-25 cm arable layer was found, where the
restoration process is more intense, the layer being degraded more strongly. Analogic legitimacy was detected for
microbiological indices and water stable aggregates content and structuring coefficient
International ecotourism trends and its impact on sustainable development in Romania
No full textThe development of ecotourism focuses mainly on four directions: economic by increasing the degree of capitalization
of resources, ecological by ensuring the rational use of all resources, reducing and eliminating waste, their recycling,
ensuring the preservation and protection of environment, reducing the process of removal of agricultural and forestry
land from agricultural and forestry circuit, socially by increasing the number of jobs, maintaining traditional crafts,
attracting the population into practicing different forms of tourism, cultural by capitalizing on the special elements of
civilization, art and culture, expressing a certain cultural identity and developing the spirit of tolerance
Ariile naturale protejate din regiunea biogeografică panonică, România
No full textAlthough it only covers 3% of the territory of the European Union, the Pannonian bioregion is home to a high biodiversity with some endemic species. In Romania, the Pannonian bioregion covers 6% of the national territory, and lies on a strip in the Western part of the country. The main purpose of our study is to evaluate the number, surface and distribution of protected natural areas at the level of Pannonian bioregulation in Romania. According to the data processed by specific GIS methods, before the designation of Natura 2000 sites, the area covered by protected areas was 1.59% (22371.86 ha) in the Pannonian bioregion, and now the area coveredby protected areas has increased up to 13, 92% (217409.01 ha). Of the 79 protected bioreales, 2 have management structures, 26 are managed by the custodians and 51 do not have management or custody facilities, and 25 are under an approved management plan
Ciclul biologic al viermelui merelor -cydia pomonellal., la soiuri de nuc în condiţiile ecositemului pomicol Iaşi
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to follow Cydiapomonella's biological cycle with the help of pheromone traps in order to warn the treatments and to know the evolution of the pest in the NE area of Romania in the case walnut tree growing. Another objective pursued is to effectively combat this pest with plant protection substances. The observations were made in 2017, having as research material 14 walnut genotypes, in the 7thyear since planting, being grafted on Juglansregia as rootstock. In case of variant 1 phytosanitary treatments with fungicides and insecticides were carried out and in the second variant (V2) no phytosanitary treatments were carried out, pest control being carried out by biotechnical means, using AtraPom synthetic sex pheromones traps. During this period the climatic factors, which influence the occurrence of the pest, were analyzed. Based on the observations made, the flight curve of the species was drawn in the studied area. Following the monitoring of the C. pomonella, we can warn the treatments according to the number of adults captured, as follows: for the first generation in the period 16-20.05.2017 and for the second generation in the period between June 25thto July 1st
Cercetări privind comportarea unor soiuri de cireş cu diferite epoci de coacere în condiţiile zonei de N-E a României
Get PDFThe aim of this study is to improve the sweet cherry tree assortment for the Northeastarea of Romania by promoting the new cultivars created at RSFG Iasi, renewing the current sweet cherry tree assortment with new quality cultivars and especially extending the sweet cherry season, filling the existing gaps during the consumption period. At this time, the market is unbalanced in favor of cultivars in the first part of the fruit season. The tendency is towards rebalancing, by reducing the proportion of cultivars with medium season maturity and increasing the early and the late ones. In termsof productivity, the three-year average production (2016-2018) cultivars as followes Golia (19.7 kg / tree), Margonia (23.3 kg / tree) and Bucium (24.7 kg / tree) was remarkable. Regarding the average weight of the fruit, it recorded values between 4.8 g (Cetatuia) and 7.6 g (Bucium)
Researches regarding the influence of the sowing epoch and climatic conditions on the biology of the species, herb and seed yields at Dracocephalum moldavica L. (Moldavian dragonhead) in A.R.D.S. Secuieni
No full textThe paper aims to highlight the influence of climatic conditions and the optimal sowing epoch on species biology and
herb and seed yields at Dracocephalum moldavica L. (moldavian dragonhead). The research was carried out in 2017, in
the experimental field of A.R.D.S. Secuieni. Due to the higher temperatures in the epoch II, the sown plants had a faster
evolution. From sowing to seed harvesting it was necessary 131 days, the sum of the thermal degrees was 2293.3 °C
and 242.2 mm precipitations. Under the conditions of S.C.D.A. at epoch II and III, there was a decrease decrease at herb
and seed yields compared to the control of the experience sowing at the end of March - early April. Compared with the
control variant (epoch I), where the seeds production was 635.33 kg/ ha, at epoch III of sowing there was a loss of
production of 21% representing 131.66 kg/ ha
Arbuscular mycorrhizae of five summer geophytes from Cluj county
No full textPhytobiont enhanced nutrient uptake through arbuscular mycorrhiza comes at a cost in form of carbon fixed through
photosynthesis. Geophytes operate under resource efficiency constraint due to their particular life-cycle and have to
balance it very well. This translates in highly controlled investment towards mycobiont, that could explain the wide
range of colonization patterns according to plant species affordability to sustain the mutualism when carbohydrates are
required to be retained in storage organ. Following microscopic examination of roots collected at anthesis from
UASVM Cluj Agro-Botanical Garden, highest intensity for root colonization in root segments was found in Dahlia
variabilis followed by Helianthus tuberosus and Lilium candidum and lowest in Hemerocallis fulva and Gladiolus ×
grandiflorus. Arbuscules richness varied strongly among species. This study documents for the first time the level of
arbuscular mycorrhizae in some summer flowering geophytes from Cluj county, Romania. It is concluded that summer
geophytes might be good model plants for ecology of endophytic relationship since are highly sensitive to any
disbalance in carbon expenditure
Active collection of sunflower wild helianthus species from NARDI Fundulea and their use for the introgression of resistance genes to the races of broomrape present in Romania in cultivated sunflower
No full textAnnual wild and perennial sunflower species are used in sunflower breeding programs for resistance to various biotic and abiotic factors. For increase the variability inside sunflower must use this species who represent a valuable gene pool. The parasite broomrape (Orobanche cumana Wallr) is a danger to the sunflower culture in Romania, especially in
the southeastern part of the country where the most virulent races are present. The identification of new sources of resistance to the attack of this parasite is a priority in the sunflower breeding program from NARDI Fundulea. We have in our collection at NARDI Fundulea, mine perennial wild species and six annual wild species of sunflower and we
cross gene from this species in elite line for improving resistance at parasite broomrape and other diseases of sunflower.
By crossing the wild sunflower species with different cultivated sunflower genotypes, we obtained interspecific hybrids
that are tolerant to more than race G and H of broomrape from area Braila in year 2017. These interspecific hybrids are
sources of resistance to the races of broomrape present in Romania and can be used in breeding programs to obtain
commercial hybrids of sunflower
Study on legislation of organic products quality
No full textConsumers' demand for organic food has steadily increased in recent years. Operators who produce, process, storage,
trading and/or import from a third country certified organic food and/or in conversion period, before placing them on
the market must undergo the activity of production unit/farm to the inspection/certification system. Inspection and
certification bodies accredited by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development carry out inspections and issue
certificates for organic farmers. Certificates attest to compliance with national and international standards governing
organic farming and quality of products. The world's most important organization, the International Federation of
Organic Farming Movements (IFOAM), has developed the first standards of organic food production and processing in
1980, which it has developed in collaboration with its UN partners, the Organization for Food and Agriculture (FAO),
the Codex Alimentarius Commission and the United Nations Trade and Development Conference (UNCTAD),
becoming the IFOAM Family of Standards. It is known as COROS (Common Objectives and Requirements of Organic
Standards). These standards currently include production standards with major regulations in EU Regulation 834/2007,
as well as other standards, about 50, among which the most important ones are: the US National Organic Program,
Japan Standards for Agriculture, and others. Also, in 2005, the ISO 22000 "Food Safety Management Systems -
Requirements for any organization in the food chain" was developed and approved as the first international standard for
Food Safety Management System. In this context, this paper presents the results of a study on the regulation of the
organic products quality
Study on agriculture financing through impact of Romanian fiscality
No full textIn this paper, I have proposed to deepen the issue of the funding sources that can be accessed in the field of agriculture,
a study that will only serve as a starting point for further and more in-depth research in this vast field.
In other way, the role of finance is overwhelming as they are tools used by the state for its actions in the economy; it is
involved in economic and social activity, via the budget revenues, achieving distribution judicious gross national
product, balance and stability state budget, local budgets, financial control.
The study aimed to highlight the funding sources and the implications they can have on doing business in agriculture,
taking into account decisions on election financing sources, as well as specifics on financing agriculture.
Economic growth is an ascendant evolution of the national economy, in the medium and long term, but it does not
exclude other oscillations, even temporary economic regressions. In the theoretical and practical terms, the "growtheconomic development" is a relationship mediated from one side to the other: economic growth - economic
development - economic progress - social progress