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Onion (Allium cepa L.) growth, yield and economic return under different combinations of nitrogen fertilizers and agricultural biostimulants
No full textTwo field experiments have been conducted to study the effects of application of nitrogen fertilizer, bio-fertilizers and organic compounds on growth, yield and economic of onion production in 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons. From the data it was found that combination of N fertilization of onion plants with 100 kg N fed.-1 (hectare = 2.38 feddan) and foliar with humic acid at the rate of 1 kg fed.-1 is the best in this study, for giving the highest bulb yield with the highest net returns of 12580 EGP (1USD = 17.80 EGP), with a benefit: cost ratio (B:C ratio) of 2.35. While, the highest cost of cultivation was obtained by 120 kg N fed.-1 and spraying onion plants with humic acid followed by compost tea. Also, from the economic view, the revenue of EGP is higher when used some biofertilizers and organic fertilizers if compared with chemical fertilization only
Performance of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as influenced by 2,4 – dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and NPK fertilizer
No full textThe Guinea savannah zone
of Nigeria is beset by increasing
population and infrastructural development,
thereby putting pressure on
available land with rapidly declining
fertility due to low organic matter content,
soil erosion, high temperature and seasonal
bush burning. Sesame is cultivated in
this zone and the yield has remained very
low, compared to yield in other parts of
the world. This could be attributed to poor
nutrient status and poor cultural practices
used by peasant farmers. A field experiment
was conducted at the Teaching and
Research Farm, University of Ilorin,
Nigeria, in a southern Guinea savannah
zone in 2015 and repeated in 2016 cropping
season to determine the effects of
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), a
plant growth regulator and NPK fertilizer
on the growth and yield of sesame. The
experiment was laid out as a factorial
arrangement, fitted into a randomized
complete block design replicated thrice.
The factors imposed were 2,4-D (0, 5 and
10 ppm ha-1) and NPK 15:15:15 (0, 100,
200 and 300 kg ha-1). Data were collected
on vegetative traits (plant height, number
of leaves, leaf area) and yield components
(number of capsules per plant; yield per
plant and per hectare). The data were
subjected to analysis of variance
(ANOVA) using the Genstat statistical
package 17th edition and significant means
were separated by using the least
significant difference at 5% level of
probability. The result revealed that using
plant growth regulator and NPK fertilizer
had significant effects (p<0.05) on plant
height (151 cm) and yield per hectare
(530 kg/ha). The qualitative and quantitative
analysis of the seeds further
reaffirmed the presence of bioactive
compounds, such as saponins, tannins,
flavonoids and phenolic compounds,
which are important health promoting
food in the seeds
Evaluation of antifungal susceptibility of some Candida spp.strains using Multodisc antifungal disk system
No full textThe aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal susceptibility of 33 Candida spp. isolates to classic antifungals included in Multodisc® system kits (Liofilchem – Italy). The research was conducted during January-June 2014 in the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Identification was made from 48 hrs isolated colonies, using microscopic and biochemical methods (API Candida). From the total of 33 tested strains, 13 were represented by Candida albicans, 9 strains were identified as Candida krusei, 6 were Candida tropicalis 3 Candida catenulata and 2 were Candida parapsilosis. The antifungals included in the disk were represented by Econazole, Nystatin, Griseofulvin, Amphotericin B, Flucytosine, Miconazole, Metronidazole and Ketoconazole. The susceptibility test principle was based on the disk diffusion test, while the interpretation was performed determining the inhibition area diameter. The most efficient antifungal was represented by Ketoconazole with an average of the inhibition area of 26.4 mm followed by Miconazole with 23.4 mm and Econazole with 22.7 mm. The least efficient antifungals were represented by Metronidazole, Griseofulvin and Nystatin
Studies concerning the financial position of a winery
No full textIn the knowledge based economy, the analysis of the financial position of a company, the whole of the assets and capital over which it exercises control, its places imprint on the strategy to being followed. The financial position may be influenced by the economic resources it controls, the financial structure, and its ability to adapt to the changes in the
environment in which operated. In the study, the authors tried to carry out an analysis based on the data extracted from the annual financial statements using a system of indicators that are relevant and interpreting the conclusions can be drawn depending on which future evolution can be predicted. It was elaborated the diagnosis of the economic state which involved the analysis of the triad's diagnosis of technical resources, human resources, material resources continuing with, establishing the importance weights and the calculation of the aggregate score. the financial position implies the determination of the indices based on the chain calculated for the elements of assets / liabilities / equity. The diagnosis of the dynamics and structure of the assets, the dynamics and structure of the liabilities was made, thus making the diagnosis of the evolution and structure of the financial position. Studying the ability of the company with the payments due in accordance with IFRS, the diagnosis of liquidity and solvency was made. Based on the analysis of the working capital that gives the strengths and weaknesses of the financing and investment policy of the company. Finally, the SWOT analysis of the financial position of the studied entity was elaborated, enumerating the measures to be taken to strengthen the financial positio
Evaluation of goat milk microflora in farms from Transylvania
No full textMastitis represents the inflammation of the mammary gland and is considered to be a serious disease due to the fact that it leads to the decrease of milk yield, with severe consequences on milk quality, increase of animal culling and therefore major economic losses. The aim of this study was to identify and describe the main microorganisms, as well as analyzing the Colony Forming Units in raw goat milk by collecting samples from 18 dairy goat farms from Transylvania, as follows: 6 farms from Alba County, 6 from Sălaj County and 6 farms from Cluj County. The milk samples were taken twice from each farm, gathering a total of 36 samples. The results showed that among Gram positive bacteria, 63.8% of the total number of samples were positive for Staphylococcus spp., 36.1%, for Micrococcus spp., 25% for Streptococcus spp. and in 19.4% of the milk samples was identified Bacillus spp. Other Gram positive microorganisms were isolated, but with a lower frequency: Kocuria spp. (8.33%), Aerococcus spp. (8.33%), Corynebacteruium spp. (5.55%) and Enterococcus spp. (2.77%). Results regarding the Gram negative bacteria showed that E. coli was the most frequently isolated microorganism, with a percentage of 38.9, followed by Klebsiella spp. with 25%, Hafnia spp. with 11.1%, Aeromonas spp. with 8.33% and Raoultella spp. with 5.55%. Data concerning the total number of germs showed that raw goat milk from the Transylvanian farms included in the study fulfils the hygiene criteria in the legislation
Influenţa diferitelor tipuri de substrat granulat asupra creşterii miceliului ciupercii Cordyceps Militaris
No full textMushroom mycelium is a biological preparate that is obtained under sterile laboratory conditions and which, in an optimal microclimate, can reproduce the mushrooms from which it originates. Mushroom mycelium is used to inoculate the prepared substrates. This inoculum consists of a supportive material completely colonized by fungal mycelium. The type of support material varies depending on the cultivated mushroom species, although rye is the choice of most mycelium producers. In our experience, we have been looking at how to grow Cordyceps militaris mushroom mycelium on various substrates of cereal grains. The growth was followed for 10 days under laboratory conditions, and the most intense increase wasrecorded on millet grains with an average increase of 1.65 mm/day and the worst growth was recorded in the case of rye with an increase average of 1.05 mm/day
Innovative agricultural businesses – elements of an efficient farm management
No full textInnovation is one of the neo-factors with the greatest influence on building or enhancing a competitive advantage in all fields of activity, including the agricultural sector. Innovative agricultural businesses are the ones that ensure differentiation in relation to competition and are the main sources of added value in a dynamic economy. Innovation is one of the attributes of the entrepreneur. Business ideas that identify new products, new features or usage patterns as well as new market niches are tools that help ensuring successful management of the farms concerned. The paper aims to identify a series of innovative business ideas related to agricultural and agri-food activities, to provide examples of
good practices associated with these businesses and to analyze the importance of innovation at European, national and local level. The study highlighted the direct correlation between innovation and performance, the Research and Development department of each enterprise gaining increasing importance related to the production department. Firms that did not adapt to the ever-changing environment and did not adopt differentiation strategies have involved or stagnated economically while companies that have come up with new products or presentation methods, new technologies and processing systems have considerably improved their economic results by becoming leaders in the segment targeted by them. Growing lavender, planting peanut, natural juice factories or cultivating and processing medicinal plants are some of the innovative businesses identified that have developed and brought to the entrepreneurs great results and to customers new products and services adapted to their needs
Microogranisms associated with black point disease
No full textBlack point disease is characterized by a brown to black discoloration of wheat kernels. The disease can be a problem in regions where are registered heavy rainfall during de early stage of kernels development. Black point disease is associated with many microorganisms, both fungi or bacteria, but those most usually responsible for these symptoms are species of the fungus Alternaria alternate, Cochliobolus sativus, Fusarium graminearum, Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp. The aims of this study were to identify microorganisms associated with black point disease of wheat. The kernels of twenty-eight winter wheat varieties were analyzed for the purpose of determining the microorganisms
associated with the black point
Study of volatile compounds of romanian red wines aged with oak chips
No full textWine aroma plays an essential role and can be considered one of the most important attributes of the overall wine quality. Generally, aroma is a remarkable complex chemical matrix comprising compounds from various chemical classes (alcohols, esters, acids, aldehydes, lactones, phenols, terpenes, ketones, norisoprenoids, etc.). Although some studies tackle wine aroma in general, the chemical changes attributed to wine aroma during the ageing process are still poorly understood. In this study, the profiles of minor volatile compounds of wine obtained from Feteasca neagra grape variety, aged for 1.5 and 3 months by using stir bars sorptive extraction and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (SBSE-GS-MS) were investigated. Red wines were aged using medium toast oak wood chips with the following dimension 0.5 1.5 0.2 cm (width length thickness). The analysis identified 20 minor volatile compounds in samples. These compounds belong to four major chemical groups, namely esters, volatile phenols, carbonilics and oak compounds. Samples aged for 3 months registered an increase, when compared to 1.5 months samples, for all identified and quantified compounds. However, heptanal and octanal concentrations decreased. Principal components analysis of the minor volatile compounds differentiated wines according to their ageing time. The first principal components (PC1) explained 78.80% and PC2 14.03% of the total variance. Sensory profile of Feteasca neagra aged with oak chips was characterized by high notes of woody, toasty, vanilla, smoky and cacao and an attenuation of ripe fruit and herbaceous attributes
Cercetări privind degradarea mediului în zona siturilor naturale de pe cursul inferior al râului Moldova
No full textThe European Ecological Network Natura 2000 in Romania is present on the lower course of the Moldavian River through the "ROSC10364 Community Site of Rila Moldova between Tupilati and Roman". Research over 15 yearshas shown that part of the natural reserve is affected by degradation phenomena. In the researched river sector (the minor and major riverbed, the riparian area) are located ballasts, bridges, water catchments, constructions, agricultural holdings, trees and bushes areas, etc. All these have influenced the arrangement of the river bed and the riparian area, which led to the degradation of the river and riparian habitat. Natural and anthropic risk factors have contributed to the degradation of the environment in the researched river area. The most important influences were the floods of the last 15 years, the exploitation of the ballast, the shore circulation areas, the absence of maintenance works in the river bed, etc