RIULS (Repository of Iași University of Life Sciences)
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Cercetări privind polarea captărilor de apă subterană
No full textThe research was conducted on groundwater catchments located in the hilly and mountainous area of Moldova. One of the catchments presents a complex of negative factors in the site, of which the pollutants are predominant. The interference of economic activities in the protection zone has led to changes in the quality parameters of the captured water. The activities are represented by forestry, car transport, car parks etc. Emissions from the catchment site polluted the water with biological material. The biological analyzes performed revealed the improperquality of the water captured for domestic consumption
The effect of salicylic acid on different plant processes – a review
No full textSalicylic acid (SA) is a well-known signaling molecule that plays an important role in resistance against pathogens, as well as adaptation to some abiotic stress factors, such as drought, heavy metal toxicity, chilling, heat and osmotic stress and can be a factor
effective treatment for plants. The impact of SA on different plant processes under optimal environmental conditions is controversial. Also, SA as a plant growth regulator may have a positive effect on the regulation of physiological and biochemical processes of different plant species, such as seed germination, seed production, respiration, vegetative growth, flower formation and photosynthesis. In addition, SA as a regulator of cell growth, could contribute to maintaining cellular redox homeostasis by induction of the alternative respiratory pathway and the regulation of antioxidant enzymes activity and to regulating gene expression by inducing a RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. However, SA may act
as a stressor, and may have a negative impact on different plant processes. Recent results indicate that the exogenous application of SA to plants have affect several on many physiological processes such as control of ion absorption, stomatal closure and transport, reducing of stress and stimulation of growth and differentiation of plants, and also the controlled levels of SA in plants are important for improving performance and
adaptation to environmental stimuli and emphasize its important role in plant health and protection. The present study investigated the effect of SA on different plant processes
Monitoring the temporary stability of the Podișu dam from Iasi county by advanced topographic measurements
No full textThe paper presents elements of analysis of the temporal stability of earth dams by using topographic methods. Structural deformations and displacements are determined and processed by data obtained from advanced topographic studies on the geometry of the dam construction. The studies and researches were carried out for the Podișu earth dam
located on the Valea Oii river, Bahlui river basin, Iași county. Special hydrological events recorded in recent years in the Bahlui river basin and especially on the Valea Oii river, have influenced the stability of the earth dams in cascade in this area. Monitoring the structural condition of dams and obtaining stability analysis data were made by topographic surveys in 2006, 2017, 2019. To carry out in accordance with the legislation in force the monitoring of the behavior of constructions, they must be equipped with settlement tracking landmarks but also fixed landmarks. This situation is not
fulfilled at most class C and D earth dams. In the absence of tracking marks, in 2019 four landmarks were instaled at the Podișu dam and a local tracking network was created. With the help of topographic measurements, the constructive elements of the earth dam were reconstructed and the analysis base of the stability model was restored (situation plan, longitudinal and transversal profiles, constructive details etc.)
Inula helenium: A literature review on ethnomedical uses, bioactive compounds and pharmacological activities
Get PDFDynamic growth of antimicrobial and anthelmintic resistance throughout the years has caused increased interest in natural alternatives to synthetic drugs. Elecampane (Inula helenium L.), a widely distributed herbaceous plant, is one of the most researched and well-known member of the genus Inula, family Compositae. I. helenium has been included in the Chinese Pharmacopeia, Russian Pharmacopeia and Pharmacopeias of some European countries. This review is an up-to-date summary of the existing knowledge on Inula helenium’s ethnomedicinal uses, secondary metabolites and pharmacological activities. Initially used in the treatment of respiratory and digestive diseases in both humans and animals, the roots of elecampane have been also proven to possess a cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect on cancer cell lines, as well as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal and anthelmintic activities. The main bioactive
compounds isolated from elecampane roots known to be responsible for their pharmacological activities are inulin, sesquiterpene lactones such as alantolactone and isoalantolactone, thymol derivatives, phenolic acids and flavonoids. This review suggests that I. helenium’s secondary metabolites have a strong therapeutic potential. However, further in vitro and in vivo studies of isolated I. helenium bioactive compounds are required in order to understand their mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics and potential adverse effects
Research on epidemic-surveillance of Blue Tongue disease (Bluetongue) in some counties from south - east Romania
No full textAssessment of body size and breeding performance in old European pig breeds
No full textThe study aimed an evaluation of body size and growth performance in the Mangalita breed
which were compared with results obtained in different old pig breeds in Europe. The experimental
group included 30 individuals, divided into 2 groups of 15 individuals, castrated males and females.
The following characteristics were determined: body length, height at withers, live weight, age at
slaughter weight, average daily gain, carcass weight and yield at slaughter. The results were
compared with literature data from the East-Balkan Pigs, Iberic Pigs and Nero Siciliano breeds.
The highest average weight and the largest body lengthwas recorded in Mangalita males with 141.2
kg respectively (115.2 cm). The highest carcass weight was recorded at Iberic pigs
(108.1kg).Although the production performances are not very high, the very good organic
resistance, the great adaptability to various growing conditions and the excellent qualities of the
meat are arguments in favor of the further growth of these two breeds
Agrochemical evolution of the chernozemic soil in the superficial horizon by differentiated nitrogen fertilization
No full textSoil fertility, upon which plant growth and hence crop yield and quality depend, embraces its content of plant food (nutrients), its organic matter content, its structure, its ability to supply water and its depth. Excessive use of fertilizers with nitrogen products of ion nitric accumulation in the soil (temporary) and in plants, which disturbs the balance of photosynthesis, causes the appearance of necrosis and burns on leaves, severe
intoxication and even death by asphyxiation phenomena and cyanosis at ruminants, children and old people. One of the ways of soil pollution through agricultural technology is overfertilization and, in particular, the administration of high doses of nitrogen fertilizers. Excess of nitrogen fertilizers, as well as their empirical application, have negative effects on harvest quality. The main aim of this study was to determine the effect of five nitrogen
levels and different type of fertilizers on the agrochemical evolution of the chernozemic soil in the superficial horizon. Field experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) Suceava, Romania, in two growing seasons (2017 and 2018) with five nitrogen levels (80 kg/ha, 120 kg/ha, 160 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha and
240 kg/ha) and two type of nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate and urea)
Evolution of phenolic profile of white wines treated with enzymes
No full textThe aim of this study is to monitor the evolution of the principal phenolic compounds throughout the fermentation
stage of white wines treated with different enzymes. The effect of five commercial enzymes on the
evolution of the phenolic profile during the alcoholic fermentation of white wines obtained from Fetească regală
and Sauvignon blanc varieties was evaluated. Physicochemical properties of resulted wine samples have been
analyzed according to OIV standards and regulations. The evolution of the principal phenolic compounds was
carried out using HPLC method. Enzymatic treatments did not significantly affect the physicochemical composition
of the obtained wines. The analyzed samples showed different variations on the phenolic compound
content, depending on the type of added enzyme and grape variety. The statistical analysis confirms that enzymes
significantly contributed to the enrichment of the wines with phenolic compounds, especially with pcoumaric,
gentisic, caftaric, and protocatechuic acids
Response of addition turmeric extract (Curcuma Domestica Val) in the ration as a feed additive on the number of bateria in small intestine and performance of Kulawu Sentul chicken
No full textKulawu Sentul chicken is a specific one which comes from Ciamis region in West Java with grey feathers as its distinctive feature, with a variation of grey and brown yellows feathers and orderly arranged feathers on its breast like dragon scales. One alternative to improve the Kulawu chicken quality is by using Turmeric (Curcuma domestica Val.) as feed additive. Extract of turmeric is a medicinal plant containing active ingredients curcumin and essential oils that function anti-bacterial and can reduce cholesterol. The objective of this study was to obtain the optimal level of turmeric extract in ration on the amount of bacteria in the intestine and performance of Sentul chicken growth phase. The experiment used 100 Kulawu chicken that was kept for 12 weeks. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatment levels of turmeric extract, and 4 replications respectively. The treatment consisted of P0 (control ); P1 (37 ml/kg extract); P2 (74 ml/kg ration); P3 (111 ml/kg ration) and P4 (148 ml/kg ration). Variable analyses were the amount of bacteria in the intestine (Staphylococcus aureus; Escherichia coli) and performance (feed intake, weight gain, carcass weight, feed conversion and meat cholesterol). Statistical analysis showed that the treatment significantly affected the levels (P< 0.05) of Staphylococcus aureus, but not significantly affected the Escherichia coli amount. The treatment with 74 – 111 mg/kg significantly (P<0.05) increased weight gain, carcass weight, feed intake, feed conversion, and meat cholesterol decreased. It can be concluded that treatment 74 mg/kg turmeric extract could inhibit amount bacteria in the intestine, reduce meat cholesterol and gave the best performance on Kulawu chicken
How to interpret MICs of antifungal compounds according to the revised clinical breakpoints v. 10.0 European committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing (EUCAST)
No full textBackground
EUCAST has revised the definition of the susceptibility category I from ‘Intermediate’ to ‘Susceptible, Increased exposure’. This implies that I can be used where the drug concentration at the site of infection is high, either because of dose escalation or through other means to ensure efficacy. Consequently, I is no longer used as a buffer zone to prevent technical factors from causing misclassifications and discrepancies in interpretations. Instead, an Area of Technical Uncertainty (ATU) has been introduced for MICs that cannot be categorized without additional information as a warning to the laboratory that decision on how to act has to be made. To implement these changes, the EUCAST-AFST (Subcommittee on Antifungal Susceptibility Testing) reviewed all, and revised some, clinical antifungal breakpoints.
Objectives
The aim was to present an overview of the current antifungal breakpoints and supporting evidence behind the changes.
Sources
This document is based on the ten recently updated EUCAST rationale documents, clinical breakpoint and breakpoint ECOFF documents.
Content
The following breakpoints (in mg/L) have been revised or established for Candida species: micafungin against C. albicans (ATU = 0.03); amphotericin B (S ≤/> R = 1/1), fluconazole (S ≤/> R = 2/4), itraconazole (S ≤/> R = 0.06/0.06), posaconazole (S ≤/> R = 0.06/0.06) and voriconazole (S ≤/> R = 0.06/0.25) against C. dubliniensis; fluconazole against C. glabrata (S ≤/> R = 0.001/16); and anidulafungin (S ≤/> R = 4/4) and micafungin (S ≤/> R = 2/2) against C. parapsilosis. For Aspergillus, new or revised breakpoints include itraconazole (ATU = 2) and isavuconazole against A. flavus (S ≤/> R = 1/2, ATU = 2); amphotericin B (S ≤/> R = 1/1), isavuconazole (S ≤ /> R = 1/2, ATU = 2), itraconazole (S ≤/> R = 1/1, ATU = 2), posaconazole (ATU = 0.25) and voriconazole (S ≤/> R = 1/1, ATU = 2) against A. fumigatus; itraconazole (S ≤/> R = 1/1, ATU = 2) and voriconazole (S ≤/> R = 1/1, ATU = 2) against A. nidulans; amphotericin B against A. niger (S ≤/> R = 1/1); and itraconazole (S ≤/> R = 1/1, ATU = 2) and posaconazole (ATU = 0.25) against A. terreus.
Implications
EUCAST-AFST has released ten new documents summarizing existing and new breakpoints and MIC ranges for control strains. A failure to adopt the breakpoint changes may lead to misclassifications and suboptimal or inappropriate therapy of patients with fungal infections