RIULS (Repository of Iași University of Life Sciences)
Not a member yet
5043 research outputs found
Sort by
Assessment of Cassava processing technologies usage among rural women in Kwara State, Nigeria
No full textTechnology usage has been identified as a major driver of increased productivity, waste management and economic efficiency. However, there seems to be some barriers to technology usage among rural women cassava processors Nigeria. This study therefore
analysed the characteristics and constraints to technology usage among rural women processors in Ifelodun local government area of Kwara State, Nigeria. A two-stage sampling technique was used to randomly select 120 respondents from six districts, namely Igbaja, Idofin, Oke-Ode, Omupo, Ora and Share. Primary data were used for the study and the data were collected by means of an interview schedule. Descriptive statistical tools, such as precision counts, frequencies and percentages, were used in analysing the data, while Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) analysis was used to test the hypothesis. The findings revealed the level of usage of cassava processing among rural women in the study area is moderately high. Major constraints to the adoption of cassava processing technologies includes: high cost of machines and maintenance, low level awareness and training, as well as inadequate finance. PPMC analysis showed that educational level and cassava processing experience was significantly related to the usage of improved cassava processing technologies in the study area with p≤ 0.05. Based on findings, training and effective monitoring by relevant
stakeholders, adequate financing, sensitization and enlightenment campaigns will further boost cassava processors knowledge and attitude towards cassava processing technologies and automatically increase usage by the respondents
Performing a renal biopsy in dogs
No full textPerforming a renal biopsy has its reasons in establishing a specific diagnosis, evaluating the severity of the renal lesions
and establishing an etiological treatment. Kidney diseases have a high incidence rate in dogs and cats. In order to make
a differential diagnosis of a chronic or acute renal insufficiency or of a glomerular lesion , the anamnesis, clinical
examination and lab results are not always enough. Renal biopsy is always necessary to establish the degree of severity,
a definitive diagnostic and a treatment plan. The succes of the treatment is related to knowing the type and extension of
the lesion. The literature indicates that the risks and complications that follow a renal biopsy are extremely low. Still,
how we choose the patient and the proper technique may considerably decrease the risk and increase the succes rate of
the biopsy. In the final stages of kidney disease, assesed through clinical and laboratory exams, renal biopsy is useless.
In the less advanced stages the diagnosis offered by a histopathological examination of the biopsy fragment may proove
to be an important factor in achieving a succesfull treatment of the glomerular illness in both dogs and cats. The studies
that have approached this subject show that kidney biopsy performed in patients that suffer from a chronic renal
insufficiency are not recommended, due to the fact that the risks are higher
Survey the allelopathic effects of tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum L.) on corn (Zea Mays L.) growth and germination
No full textAllelopathy is the direct
influence of chemical released from one
plant on the development and growth of
another plant. The trial accomplished in
seed technology laboratory of Faculty of
Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of
Isfahan, in 2018. A factorial layout within
completely randomized design with four
replications was used. Treatments
included plant organs extract (leaf, stem,
root and total plant), and different tobacco
extract densities includes four levels of
0%, 25%, 50% and 100%. Control
treatment (0% of tobacco extract) had
obtained the highest value of germination
rate, germination percentage, coleoptile
weight, radicle weight, radicle length and
coleoptile length. The maximum
germination rate, germination percentage,
coleoptiles weight, radicle weight, radicle
length and coleoptiles length was related
to extract of stem extract which had
meaningful differences with other
treatments. Both radicle and coleoptile
length decreased with increase in
concentration of tobacco extract. Tobacco
extract has negatively effects on corn
seeds by decreasing the germination rate.
Tobacco may increase the presence of
secondary metabolites, such as alkaloids,
all of which may have different effects on
seed germination percentage. The highest
germination percentage (91.91%),
coleoptile weight (0.046 mg), radicle
weight (0.0161 mg), radicle length (7.24
mm), and coleoptiles length (6.45 mm)
was related to interaction between control
treatment (0% of extract) and stem
extract. It is concluded that the extract of
Nicotiana tabacum had both inhibitory
and stimulatory effects on seedling
growth of Zea mays
Influence of freezing on texture of broiler poultry meat
No full textFor consumers, tenderness represents an essential sensorial feature for meat taste. The term“tenderness” is often utilised in alternation with the “texture” one. Meat texture is a complexphenomenon, which includes characteristics such as hardness, elasticity, chew ability, cohesion andsucculence. Meat texture variations comes from inherently differences between muscular tissues(maintained compact by the structure of contractile proteins from conjunctive tissue), lipids,carbohydrates, as well as due to external factors, such as thermal treatment and manipulation of samples.Study aimed the evaluation of three storage regimes different by temperature and time, on three anatomic cut regions (breast, upper thighs and lower thighs) gathered from broiler poultry, for characterization of structure through Warner Bratzlers hear force.By comparison of the obtained means for musculature of the cut regions from poultry carcasses belonging to three experimental batches, were observed the existent minimums, those ones being attributed to meat samples gathered from carcasses of poultry from batch L3, variation interval between 9.05±0.923 and 15.34±1.204 N/cm2 showing an increased tenderness, which could be associated with proteins’ degradation during storage
Analysis of RASFF notifications on contaminated dairy products from the last two decades: 2000-2020
No full textEU is the world’s leading exporter of cheese and one of the world’s top three suppliers of processed milk. Instruments such as those of the European Food and Feed Rapid Alert System (RASFF) play an increased role in consumer protection along global supply chains.
On these premises, the objective was to analyze the status of RASFF notifications for milk and milk products food category, within the time frame 2000 ÷2020. The majority of dairy products were notified by France, Germany and Italy. Cheese was the most notified of all dairy products (84.43%), most of the transmitted food safety hazards being: microbial contaminants (68.4%), foreign bodies, adulteration / fraud, organoleptic aspects and residues of veterinary medicinal products. Notifications was usually based on company’s own check (35.47%) and official controls on the market (34.32%). A risk decision was not usually made, the taken actions including mainly recalls and withdrawals (56.95%) or destruction (7.96%).
The results of this study can be used to prioritize and target research areas to identify key food safety topics, in particular fraudulent ones, to raise the awareness of the consumer and to promote and strengthen food safety legislation, with a focus on the European dairy sector
Participation of rural women in exploitation of non-timber forest products as a means of sustainable livelihood in Southwestern Nigeria
No full textThe study examined the
participation of rural women in
exploitation of non-timber forest products
(NTFPs), as a means of sustainable
livelihood in Southwestern Nigeria. A number of 320 respondents were
interviewed through pre-tested structured
interview schedule in the four purposively
selected forest reserves using a multistage
sampling procedure. Data collected were
presented using appropriate descriptive
and inferential statistics. The mean age
and mean year of experience in NTFPs
exploitation were 40.9 ± 11.5 years
and16.4±3.4 years, respectively. NTFPs
participated by the respondents in the
study area were palm fruits, vegetables,
snails and fire wood among others. Actor
categories identify in the NTFPs business
chain were collectors, processors, traders
among others. In addition, majority of the
respondents show willingness to continue
in NTFPs exploitation irrespective of
alternative livelihood. The findings
revealed that age (t=2.39), number of
hours of collection per week (t=3.48),
years of experience of NTFPs exploitation
(t= -3.88) and external orientation
(t=2.20) of respondents significantly
contributed to their participation in
NTFPs exploitation. The study concludes
that participation in NTFPs exploitation
by the respondents was moderate. It was
recommended that more enlightenment
programmes should be organized by
relevant stakeholders for the rural women
to create awareness on the income
generation opportunities that abound in
the NTFPs activities
Water quality evaluation of cyprinid pond based production system effluent
No full textAquaculture is the fastest growing food production sector, according to FAO report. Romanian
aquaculture has an estimated production of 10000 tones per year, most of it being provided by
cyprinids pond aquaculture production systems. However, pond aquaculture rises certain problems
regarding the sustainability, as large concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus may be recorded in
effluents. Therefore, the aim of our study is to evaluate the sustainability of a single pond based
cyprinids production system, situated in Galaţi - Romania, by analysing the water quality of the
effluent. Water samples were collected from the pond effluent and the following analysis were
determined: temperature (T°C), dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, nitrites (NO2), ammonia
(NH3),orthophosphates (PO4),total zinc (Zn) chlorides (Cl-), bicarbonates (HCO3-), electro
conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS).The results were compared to the present national
legislation (HG no. 202/2002) regarding the water quality in cyprinid farming and also to water
quality criteria for aquaculture. Statistical analysis included normality test Kolmogorov Smirnov in
order to determine the distribution of the registered data and Pearson correlation coefficient was
applied for the analyzed parameters. The main conclusion of this research was that the technological
water of the studied fish pond is suitable for fish rearing and sustainable for the environment, in terms
of temperature, DO, pH, Cl-, HCO3-, Zn, EC and TDS. However, NO2, NH3 and PO4 concentrations
were above the admissible limit imposed by the romanian legislation. Therefore, in order to improve
sustainabily it is recommended that various modern multi-trophic technics should be applied, so that
phosphorus and nitrogen compounds are valorized at maximum capacity
Combined methods for food preservation. hurdle technology applied on salami
No full textEnsuring food quality and safety will remain a major challenge for agri-food sector as
consumers are increasingly aware of natural food benefits on human health that can satisfy their
nutritional needs and desired senzorial characteristics.
The main purpose of food processing is its preservation used in order to maintain the integrity
of the products and to extend the shelf life improving their quality. In this way, processed food
products can meet customers demands from al points of view: nutritional, safe and health and good
sensory experience.
It is well known that applying only one preservation method at high intensity (temperature),
beside the pathogenic microflora, it may destroy some important nutrients (vitamins, proteins).
In this paper it is highlighted the advantage of preserving food using combined conventional
methods at lower intensities without affecting the integrity of the food product.
The Hurdle effect is an illustration of the fact that in food, several factors contribute to
microbiological stability, safety and quality. The Hurdle effect has major importance in preserving
food since the hurdles control microbiological spoilage and food poisoning.
Hurdle technology (also called barrier technology, combined methods, combined process)
advocates the deliberate combination of existing preservation techniques in order to establish a
series of hurdles that cannot be overcome by the existing microorganisms from the product. These
hurdles may be temperature, water activity, pH, additional preservatives, redox potential, ultrahigh
pressure, ultrasounds, etc.
Being processed food products, obtained by combined methods, salami can remain stable and
safe for extended periods of time, being very appreciated by consumers all around the world due to
the special taste and high nutritional properties
The efficacy of different irrigation levels on the yields of some summer crops under intercropping systems
No full textField studies were performed between 2014 and 2019 on clay soil in a farmer's field in Al - Yadudeh area south of Amman - Jordan, to investigate the efficacy of different irrigation levels (0.40, 0.60 and 0.80 of field capacity) on the yields of bean, squash and okra as they are grown under sole cropping and intercropping systems, using 1:2 and 2:1 row
arrangements. Results showed that the highest significant yields of bean (10.20 ton ha-1
) and squash (37.05 ton ha-1) were obtained when minimum soil moisture level was maintained throughout the growing season at 0.60 of field capacity (FC) under 1:2 intercropping row arrangement, while the highest significant yield of okra (13.64 ton ha-1
) was registered when it was intercropped with bean in 1:2 row arrangement at minimum soil moisture level of 0.80FC. Additionally, okra intercropped with squash affected each other negatively and obtained the lowest significant yields specially, when they were grown under minimum soil moisture of 0.40 FC in 1:2 and 2:1 row arrangement respectively. Moreover, the highest significant yields of bean, squash and okra, as they are grown under sole cropping were obtained at minimum soil moisture level of 0.80FC, as compared to minimum soil moisture level of 0.40 and 0.60FC. It seems that squash was more beneficial to bean than okra and bean was more beneficial to okra and squash than squash to okra and okra to squash. Regarding the efficiency of intercropping as it was evaluated by land equivalent ratio (LER), the results showed that all the three combinations of intercropping with their row arrangements and under the three soil
moisture levels gave LER values more than one, demonstrating the superiority of intercropping than sole cropping
Cultivation possibilities of some common beans varieties under second crop conditions
No full textThis research was carried to determine the yield and yield components on some common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) varieties in 2017 and 2018 years, in Diyarbakir, southeast Anatolia of Turkey. In the experiment, Onceler-98, Karacasehir-90, Yunus-90, Akman-98,
Goynuk-98, Aras-98, Terzibaba, Adabeyazi, Cihan and Noyanbey cultivars were used. Experiment was set up in randomized complete block design with three replications. Plots were 6 m length with five rows, the inter-row and intra-row spacing were 0.7 m and 0.10 m. Seeds were sown after wheat harvest as second crops. The differences among cultivars were significant for number of days of flowering and maturity, plant height,
number of pods and seeds per plant, grain yield and 100 seed weight. Number of days to flowering ranged from 48.0 to 62.8; number of days to maturity ranged from 99.8 to 113.8. The number of pods and seeds per plant varied from 12.8 to 30.8, and 24.3 to 105.6, respectively. Grain yield ranged from 792.3 kg ha-1 (Cihan and Noyanbey) to 2709 kg ha-1 (Goynuk-98 and Onceler-98). In the experiment area, high heat temperature and high evaporation throughout July and August, negatively affected the blooming, pollination and fertilization on cultivars of dwarf and determinate plant habit types. Brushy type and late-maturing varieties should be preferred under second crop conditions