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Green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) can be a serious pest problem for oilseed rape crop, in the south-east of Romania
No full textIn this paper, it has reported a high attack of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), in late autumn of the year 2018, at oilseed rape crop, in the south-east of Romania. This pest has a wide range of host plants, attacking more than 240 species from 64 different botanical families. The evolution of green peach aphids at oilseed rape crop, during autumn, was assessed in this paper. A field experiment was carried out at NARDI Fundulea, both in 2017 and 2018. It has assessed untreated and treated seeds variants with systemic insecticides. Also, it has recorded percentage of parasitized aphids by Aphidius spp. and Praon spp. In the weather conditions from autumn of the year 2017, green peach aphids density at oilseed rape crops was insignificant with a maximum of 2.25 aphids/leaf at untreated plants and 0.38 aphids/leaf at plants emerged from treated seeds. However, in 2018 it has registered a high density of this pest at oilseed rape crop with a maximum of 243.25 aphids/leaf at untreated plants and 29.38 aphids/leaf at plants emerged from treated seeds. In weather conditions of the year 2018, in the experimental field from NARDI Fundulea, highest population amount of green peach aphids at untreated oilseed rape plants it has recorded in late autumn, on 12 November. Possible explication for this is because of higher temperatures and drought recorded both in October and the first half of November. At the same time, in autumn of 2018, parasitized aphids percent was 5.15 % at untreated variant and between 4.74 and 5.00 % at treated variants. This situation occurred in autumn of 2018, in the south-east of Romania must be a warming for the farmers for the following years. Increasing the temperature and drought can have an effect of increasing the attack of aphids at oilseed rape crops, in autumn
Effect of cold stratification on seed germination of the multipurpose fruit shrub, Ziziphus Lotus (L.) Lam. (Rhamnaceae)
No full textShrubs and trees of the genus Ziziphus are a good example of naturally occurring multipurpose plant species with great potential in arid regions. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cold stratification on seed germination and seedling growth of Ziziphus lotus (L.) Lam. Seeds were subjected to 0, 45, 90 and 120 days of cold stratification at 5°C. We also examined fruit, kernel and seed morphology. For each treatment period, four replicates of 50 seeds were incubated in plastic containers between two layers of moist sand at 15% and under greenhouse conditions for 15-day period.
At the end of the experiment, the final germination percentage (FGP), shoot length and root length were assessed. The results clearly indicated that increasing duration of cold stratification improved seed germination. The most effective stratification period was 120 days where Z. lotus recorded 83% of FGP and 16.5 cm of total seedling length. Cold
stratification treatments significantly increased shoot height, root length, as well as seedling total length. 120 days stratification treatment resulted in the highest shoot and root length (6.80 cm and 9.75 cm, respectively). An overview on the emergence of Z. lotus seedlings during a 15-day period was also illustrated
Research on the appreciation of the hygienic status of the raw milk using the dosage of the catalase activity
No full textResearch conducted in recent years on the hygienic quality of milk, using the main indicators
determined the existence of quality grids that were used and in the present paper helping to classify
milk samples to different quality classes. Through this paper we tried to use the main rapid
enzymatic tests to assess the freshness and hygiene of the raw material milk, depending on its
retention time and any contamination with alterative microflora at the shelter / milking level, 25
samples of fresh milk, stored for 5 days under refrigeration conditions and experimentally
contaminated milk were obtained by haemorrhage.
The determinations consisted in highlighting the acidity (°T), carrying out enzymatic tests
catalase and reductase, identifying the number of somatic cells and the total number of germs.
Regarding the catalase test, it revealed a reduced microbial load in the fresh milk, indicating
that it can be processed industrially or consumed after thermal processing. The milk refrigerated for
5 days and the experimentally contaminated milk presented medium and high microbial
contamination, according to the catalase test, being risky, respectively unfit for consumption.
Regarding the test of reductase, it included the samples of fresh milk in class I of quality (lack of risks, immediate use after thermal processing); those of refrigerated milk in the second class of quality (exclusive use after industrial processing); those contaminated experimentally in quality class III (confiscation and prohibited use for food purposes).
As a final conclusion, he stated that enzymatic tests to identify catalase and reductase can be successfully used to determine the degree of contamination of milk and to determine its hygienic quality, the results of which are correlated with the total number of germs and with the titrable acidity
Novel titanium-apatite hybrid scaffolds with spongy bone-like micro architecture intended for spinal application: In vitro and in vivo study
No full textTitanium alloy scaffolds with novel interconnected and non-periodic porous bone-like micro architecture were 3D-printed and filled with hydroxyapatite bioactive matrix. These novel metallic-ceramic hybrid scaffolds were tested in vitro by direct-contact osteoblast cell cultures for cell adhesion, proliferation, morphology and gene expression of several key osteogenic markers. The scaffolds were also evaluated in vivo by implanting them on transverse and spinous processes of sheep's vertebras and subsequent histology study. The in vitro results showed that: (a) cell adhesion, proliferation and viability were not negatively affected with time by compositional factors
(quantitative MTT-assay); (b) the osteoblastic cells were able to adhere and to attain normal morphology (fluorescence microscopy); (c) the studied samples had the ability to promote and sustain the osteogenic differentiation, matrix maturation and mineralization in vitro (real-time quantitative PCR and mineralized matrix production staining). Additionally, the in vivo results showed that the hybrid scaffolds had greater infiltration,
with fully mineralized bone after 6 months, than the titanium scaffolds without bioactive matrix. In conclusion, these novel hybrid scaffolds could be an alternative to the actual spinal fusion devices, due to their proved osteogenic performance (i.e. osteoinductive and osteoconductive behaviour), if further dimensional and biomechanical
optimization is performed
Adaptability performances of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes under different environments for stability of quantitative traits
No full textThe evaluation and computation of yield stability of a genotype over environments is a critical component of a certain breeding program. The present study was intended to screen 11 advance chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes and one check for genotype ×
environment interaction (G × E) at six locations with varying micro and macro climatic conditions for yield correlated phenotypic characters. A number of 11 advanced genotypes of chickpea and one check variety were assessed for their adaptability at six different locations of Bangladesh. The randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three
replications was chosen to experiment. The means were used to compute Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis of variance, followed by regression analysis to measure × E. The regression analysis showed significant genotype × environment interaction for all the phenotypic characters. The mean values of days to
flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of pods per plant and seed yield were highly significant for linear, as well as non-linear components of G × E. Chickpea yield was significantly (p< 0.01) affected by genotypes, the environments and G × E interaction, indicating that the varieties and the test environments were diverse. G × E was further partitioned by principal component axes. The first two principal components cumulatively
explained 86.59% of the total variation, of which 53.34% and 33.25% were contributed by IPCA1 and IPCA2, respectively. The AMMI stability value discriminated genotypes G2 (BCX 09010- 9), G3 (BCX 09010-2) and G8 (BCX 01008-4) the stable genotypes. The
investigated genotypes exhibited varying adaptability in different environments. Genotypes G3 (BCX 09010-9) and G9 (BCX 01008-3) were stable genotypes with high yield over a wide range of environments are promising candidate chickpea varieties
The effect of utilization sweet orange (Citrus Sinensis) waste on the digestibility of crude protein and fat in the male Padjadjaran sheep
No full textThis research created to know the effect of utilization Sweet Orange flour (Citrus sinensis) on the digestibility of crude protein and fat in the male padjadjaran sheep and the level of utilization sweet range flour, which generates the highest digestibility of crude protein and fat. This research was conducted for 40 days in the breeding station and laboratory of animal feed and ruminant nutrition faculty of animal husbandry Universitas Padjadjaran. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments (T-1= 0 %, T-2 =4%,T-3=6% and T-4= 8%) and 5 replications. The result shows that the utilization of sweet orange waste flour does not give a significantly different (P>0.05) on crude protein and fat in the sheep ratio. Utilization of sweet orange waste flour up to 8% in the concentrate generates the relatively same result on the digestibility of crude protein and fat with the treatment control (T-1)
Short-term heart-rate variability in healthy small and medium-sized dogs over a five-minute measuring period
No full textIntroduction: Five-minute heart-rate variability (HRV) measurement is a useful tool for assessing the autonomic nervoussystem (ANS) balance in humans, but there are no studies on healthy dogs. The aim of the study was, therefore, to provide thereference ranges in small and medium-sized breeds for short-term HRV time and frequency domain (TFD) analyses. Materialand Methods: A total of 79 healthy dogs were included in the study between 2015 and 2019. Grouping by age with thebreakpoint at six years and subgrouping by reproductive status and sex was imposed. All the dogs were included after physicaland cardiological examinations and blood analyses. The TFD of HRV were analysed from a five-minute-long digital ECGrecording after removal of non-sinus complexes. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in any TFDparameters between age, reproductive status or sex groups. A mild increase in all time domain parameters and the high-frequency(HF) band was observed in older dogs, and the low frequency (LF):HF ratio decreased in these dogs. In males, the time domainparameters and HF band increased slightly. Conclusion: The normal ranges for HRV derived from short-term ECG recording inthe usual clinical environment now have proposed reference ranges. Our findings suggest that accommodation time, age, sex, orreproductive status do not influence the results derived from these recordings, indicating that this method is reliable for assessingthe ANS function in small and medium-sized dog breed
Researches on structure, dynamics and ecological indices of the epigenous beetle population in the apple orchards
No full textStudies on quantitative meat productions of Kabir poultry
No full textThe research aimed at evaluating the quantitative production of meat (the yield at slaughter, the weight of the cut regions and the weight of the edible organs) in birds of the Kabir breed (10 males and 10 females) slaughtered at the age of 50 days. The fresh slaughter yield was 68.51% in males and 68.12% in females, with an average of 68.31%; after refrigeration the yield, the average value obtained for the two sexes was 67.62% (67.72% in males and 67.51% in females). Regarding the proportion of the cut parts, the average values obtained for the two sexes were 20.22% for the chest (21.02% for males and 19.41% for females), 24.86% for whole legs (25.92% for males and 23.80% for females), 11.28% for wings (11.47% for males and 11.09% for females) and 43.65% for back (41.59% - male and 45.70% female). The average weights determined for the internal organs were 36.32g in males and 31.83 g in females in the case of liver, 8.31 g in males and 6.34 g in females in that of hearts and respectively, of 31.98 g-males and 29.16 g-females in the case of gizzard. In conclusion, it can be stated that the birds of the Kabir breed slaughtered at the age of 50 realize a satisfactory production of meat, both in terms of the yield at slaughter and the weight of the anatomical regions
Observations regarding the values of immunocompetent cells at lambs according to age
No full textThe scientific researches reflected in this study aimed to investigate some immunological aspects regarding the values of the indices of immunocompetent cells at lambs in different age periods. The obtained data indicate that the cellular defense mechanisms are performed by lymphocyte cells endowed with immune defense functions and are responsible by cellular and humoral mechanisms. These determines the importance of cellular mechanisms in triggering and controlling immune reactions. The results of the study reveal the evaluation of cell indices at lambs by finding significant values of
both T and B immunocompetent cell activity. These researches allow us to conclude on the fact that the installation of the immunological reactivity of the animal organism takes place and in the same time, the adaptation to the changes of the environmental conditions