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Sunflower genotypes with high tolerance to drought and extreme temperatures, having good resistance to some specific diseases
No full textSunflower is considered to be moderately resistant to drought, but in hot conditions, the plants suffer reduction in
fertility, yield performance and quality of products. In literature there are mentioned some adoptive mechanisms of
plants to drought: escape, avoidance and tolerance, as well as their genetic variability. For sunflower it is very important
to increase the cold resistance in early development stages, at stage of germination, emergence and the stage of 2-3
leaves, in order to facilitate an early sowing. Wild Helianthus species are a very valuable source of resistance in
increasing drought resistance as well as resistance to low temperatures in sunflower. Some of our best elite lines have
been introduced in a process of improvement of resistance to drought, using recurrent selection. Also it has been
transfered some genes for controling the attack of some important pathogenes. In this process of selection, we obtained
inbred lines (CMS and pollen fertility restorer lines) having very good tolerance to drought as well as resistance to low
temperatures
Determination of the factors limiting cotton fiber quality in Turkey
No full textThis study aims to
determine the variation of fiber quality in
cotton varieties produced in the
Southeastern Anatolia Region and
Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakir provinces. 1090 fiber
samples were obtained from six cotton
varieties (Lima, Stoneville 468, Candia
and Babylon for Sanliurfa, Lima,
Stoneville 468, Lodos and Gloria for
Diyarbakir) collected from ginning
factories in Şanlıurfa and Diyarbakir.
Statistical analyzes were done with HVI
device and obtained data were analyzed
by using Excel and TOTEMSTAT
programs. In the frequency distribution,
cotton varieties of the region are in the
medium and long fiber group in terms of
fiber length. They were in the medium
(only two samples), strong and very
strong group in terms of fiber strength.
They were generally in the medium and
thick group in terms of fiber fineness
(micronaire). In terms of fiber uniformity
index, the majority of the fibers were in
the middle group. In terms of short fiber
index, most of the fibers were in the very
low and low groups. The majority of the
samples were in the high and medium
group in terms of fiber elongation, in the
mature and very mature group in terms of
fiber maturity. In terms of spinning
consistency index (SCI) 59,2% of the
fibers were between 119,41 and 135,83;
31,3% of them were between 135,83 and
152,24, 58,2% of the material has a
reflectance value of 74 and above. All
materials were in white and light-yellow
groups in terms of yellowness. It has been
observed that the majority of the fibers
(66%) are in the low group in terms of
trash count. The results obtained from the
study of cotton produce of Southeastern
Anatolia Region of Turkey has shown that
good fiber quality and to meet the demand
of textile industry
Degradation of earth’s dams under the effect of climate change
No full textThe paper presents a summary analysis of the phenomena of the degradation of earth dams by the action of changing
climate conditions in the eastern part of Romania. Climate change over the last 30 years has led to hydrological risks in
the hydrographic network, represented by rapid, frequent flash floods over short periods of time. The floods are due to
the uneven distribution of rainfall over the year. The floods are concentrated in a short time and have a very high
intensity. This is a major cause of the degradation of dams. Most damage occurs due to floods associated with structural
faults, mechanical faults, or hydraulic faults. This situation is confirmed by the events that have taken place over the last
30 years at a series of earth dams in Suceava county (eg. Crujana, Grănicești, Horodnic etc.). The destructive actions
were manifested by structural degradations to the dam body, to the large water drain, to the bottom emptying, to the
drainage system, etc. In order to prevent adverse events, the term "safety" of hydrotechnical constructions must be taken
into account at all stages of the design, execution and operation work. In order to prevent possible accidents that could
occur through a dam failure, tests and models shall be carried out in specialized programs
Digital economy and digital education
No full textThe concept of the "new economy" (digital economy) focuses mainly on the current transformations of economic
activities as a result of the use of digital technologies that provide access, processing and storage of information in a less
expensive and accessible digital economy. The new economy is characterized by the intensification of the incorporation
of knowledge of new products and services, the increase of the importance of learning and innovation, globalization and
sustainable development. The main components of the digital economy are digital products, consumers, sellers,
business infrastructure, intermediaries, maintenance and support services, website creators. The promotion of digital
technologies would stimulate the European economy from two perspectives, namely one of support for citizens and
another of support for European Union companies. the level of quality of education is decisive for the prospects and
chances of success in the lives of young people. Education also plays a key role in social rights. The digital economy
requires a high consumption of design work, a high qualification, which creates a higher added value, new jobs,
unlimited virtual segments of business opportunities and creativity
Researches regarding the optimization of the working process for cereal and technical plant seed drying
No full textResearch on morphophysiological status characterization of quail (Coturnix coturnix) - meat line
No full text
Food security status: its drivers and coping strategies among vegetable farming households
No full textFood insecurity remains a major challenge worldwide, especially among the rural areas of developing nation. Women and children are most vulnerable to this phenomenon. However, while many studies have assessed farming households’ food security status in general, there is dearth of information on vegetable farmers’, who are mostly women, food
security status in particular. This study, therefore, investigated the food security status of vegetable farming households, its drivers and coping strategies in Kwara State, Nigeria. Descriptive statistics, food insecurity index and logistic regression were used to analysed data collected from 180 respondents. The findings showed that food insecurity remains a major challenge in rural areas as only 45.55% were food secure. The food secure group
surpassed the food security line by 17%. Food insecure group fell below the food security line by 36% with a daily average calorie intake of 1581.35 kcal. Annual income (p< 0.1), cooperative membership (p< 0.1), vegetable production (p< 0.05) and access to credit (p< 0.05) were the significant factors enhancing their food security status, while household size (p< 0.01) negatively influenced it. The widely used food insecurity coping mechanisms by the households were eating less expensive food, eating wild fruits, reducing rational consumption, allowing children to eat first, borrowing money to buy food, buying food on credit and skipping meal within a day. The study recommends encouragement of vegetable production through provision of credit facilities to the farmers as this would enhance their food security status
