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Selective and sensitive quantification of acetochlor and s-metolachlor in maize and soybean plant samples by Gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Get PDFAbstract: Herbicide residue analysis has gained importance worldwide, mainly for food quality
control to minimize potentially adverse impacts on human health. A Gas chromatography-tandem
mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for quantitative analysis of acetochlor and s-metolachlor in
maize and soybean straw has been developed, validated and applied to analyze the residues of
anilide herbicides. Straw material was dried, homogenized and extracted with a mixture of nhexane
and acetone by an accelerated solvent extraction method. Chromatographic separation
of the target analytes was performed on an Agilent 7832 GC equipped with a mass spectrometer
detector, a split-splitless injector and an HP-5 MS (5% phenylmethyl siloxane) capillary column
(30 m 0.25 mm 0.25 m). Under these parameters, the limit of detection (LOD) values were
0.2 ng g1 for acetochlor and 0.07 ng g1 for s-metolachlor, with average recoveries between 86%
and 119.7%. The method was validated for acetochlor and s-metolachlor in maize and soybean
straw at 0.5 and 0.01 mg kg 1. Furthermore, the final residues of the two herbicides in maize and
soybean straw were below the maximum residue limit (MRL) at harvest time. The proposed method
is suitable for routine analysis
Stadiul actual al cercetărilor privind micromultiplicarea „in vitro” la usturoi
Get PDFGarlic (Allium sativum L.) is a diploid vegetable plant (2n = 16), monocotyledonous, belonging to the Alliaceae family of the genus Allium, being the second most widespread species in its family, after onions.
Because garlic does not produce seeds, it is propagated vegetatively by bulbs. The disadvantage of this type of propagation is the transmission of pathogens, viruses and mycoplasmas, with the final result being reduced plant vitality, decreased production and crop quality.
In vitro micromultiplication is the method of vegetative propagation with the highest level of propagation through which healthy, disease-free, juvenile plants are obtained. Over time, a lot of research has aimed to streamline this method of multiplication by discovering new disinfectants, new stimulants and diversifying the techniques used.
methanol, acetaldehyde. sulphur dioxide, dimethyl dicarbonate, yeast
Research on the incidence of micromycetes on wheat seeds during storage in view damage control
No full textWheat is the main cereal crop in the EU- world production is about 582.7 million tons from 213.8 million ha.
(FAOSTAT, 2020). Romania is a traditional grower and producer of wheat; therefore, it is necessary to obtain a high
quality of seed material. Storage fungi are among the major factors causing post-harvest deterioration of crop produce
worldwide. FAO estimates that annually, through conditioning and storage, the percentage of losses reaches 6-10%.
Three varieties of wheat seeds from crops in south-eastern Romania were analysed, in storage conditions.
Measurements were aimed at determining the associated fungal load of wheat seeds and establishing their influence on
quality indicators. The paper presents a study on the appearance and development of storage-specific micromycetes.
The research was carried out on common wheat seeds from the warehouses of the National Administration of State
Reserves and Special Issues. Wheat is stored during the cold season at an optimal level of temperature and humidity, to
preserve quality. Seed testing for germination and incidence of was performed in the laboratory by the classic method of
filter paper and PDA medium
Behavior of white and blue lupine varieties in pedoclimatic conditions of the A.R.D.S. Secuieni
No full textLupine is a source of protein as well as dietary fiber. Lupine seeds are an excellent meat substitute for people who adopt
a vegetarian lifestyle and have significant cholesterol-lowering properties, contributing greatly to cardiovascular health.
Taking into account the growing interest, in recent years, for this crop, within A.R.D.S. Secuieni was followed the
behavior of six varieties of lupine (3 varieties of white lupine and 3 varieties of blue lupine) in the pedoclimatic
conditions in Central of Moldavia. In the first year of testing lupine culture, compared to the yield recorded by the
control (average experience - 2736 kg/ha), very significant yield increases were recorded for the varieties Wars (3063
kg/ha) and Dieta (4050 kg /Ha). In the second year of testing, only one variety obtained a control higher yield of 2519
kg/ha (Medi). On average, in the two years of testing, lupine yield varied from 2138 kg / ha obtained by the Menhit
variety (blue lupine) to 3205 kg/ha at the Dieta variety (white lupine)
Crustacean parasitic invasions diagnosed in Hypophthachlmichthys molitrix (silver carp) in the Dracșani water accumulation
Get PDFOne of the objectives of the project Team up for healthy fish in the aquaculture system of the river Prut basin is to assess
the health of fish populations; thus, the accumulation of Dracșani as a component part of the SC Piscicola Botoșani farm was
studied. The parasitologically examined fish were of the silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). Parasitic invasions were
caused by Sinergasillus sp. and Lernaea sp. and the severity of the lesions were assessed
Parasitism with Acanthocephalus ranae in frogs (Pelophylax ridibundus Pallas 1771), from North-east Romania
No full textThe present study was carried out on 10 frogs, Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771), captured near the river Bahlui, Iasi, between April and May, 2019, for the study of digestive helminths and their effect on the digestive tract. Macroscopic examination of the general cavity revealed distension of the small intestine. The sectioning of the intestinal wall revealed a variable number of parasites (1 – 12) with a whitish cylindrical body, anchored in the duodenal mucosa. The morphological study of the parasites confirmed the species as Acantocephalus ranae. The prevalence of the infection was 60 % and the average intensity was 4.83 ± 4.15. Lesions of the small intestine were characterized by catarrhal enteritis, hemorrhagic spots and ulcers on the mucosa, occlusion and obstruction of the intestinal lumen. Histologically, eosinophilic inflammatory infiltrate in the glandular crypts, mucosal and submucosal edema, fibrosis and conjunctival hyperplasia, total mucosal atrophy, were found. The infection with Acanthocephalus ranae in Pelophylax ridibundus caused severe pathological changes, conditioned by the intensity of the infection, aspects revealed for the first time in Romania
Sustainable application of biosorption and bioaccumulation of persistent pollutants in wastewater treatment: current practice
Get PDFPersistent toxic substances including persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals
have been released in high quantities in surface waters by industrial activities. Their presence in
environmental compartments is causing harmful effects both on the environment and human health.
It was shown that their removal from wastewaters using conventional methods and adsorbents is not
always a sustainable process. In this circumstance, the use of microorganisms for pollutants uptake
can be seen as being an environmentally-friendly and cost-effective strategy for the treatment of
industrial effluents. However, in spite of their confirmed potential in the remediation of persistent
pollutants, microorganisms are not yet applied at industrial scale. Thus, the current paper aims
to synthesize and analyze the available data from literature to support the upscaling of microbialbased
biosorption and bioaccumulation processes. The industrial sources of persistent pollutants,
the microbial mechanisms for pollutant uptake and the significant results revealed so far in the
scientific literature are identified and covered in this review. Moreover, the influence of different
parameters affecting the performance of the discussed systems and also very important in designing
of treatment processes are highly considered. The analysis performed in the paper offers an important
perspective in making decisions for scaling-up and efficient operation, from the life cycle assessment
point of view of wastewater microbial bioremediation. This is significant since the sustainability of
the microbial-based remediation processes through standardized methodologies such as life cycle
analysis (LCA), hasn’t been analyzed yet in the scientific literature
Studies regarding the safety in operation of the Negreni Reservoir, Botoșani county, Romania
No full textThe dam of Negreni reservoir, located on the Bașeu River, is an earth dam with a maximum height of 12.4 m, which
provides global retention to the crest of 25.869 million m3
. The Negreni reservoir is a part of the hydro-technical works
set, that were built to protect against the floods the localities within the river Bașeu catchment area, in Botoșani county
(Săveni, Știubeni, Petricani, Chișcăreni, Bozieni). The dam is of homogeneous type, made of clayey-dusty sands and it
has several installations both for external stresses and for the response to stresses. Between the years 2008 and 2012
investment works were implemented, under the project „Safety re-inforcement of Cal Alb and Negreni reservoirs,
located on Bașeu River, in Botoșani county”. The project was set out to build the following works: rehabilitation of dam
body (repairs to the concrete tiles on the downstream slope), rehabilitation of the hydromechanical equipments,
rehabilitation of the bottom outlet, rehabilitation of the evaccuation channel of the surface outlet, installation of a water
management information and warning-alarm system, rehabilitation of the behaviour monitoring system. The special
events recorded during the execution of the dam and during its operation have imposed the implementation of a
systematic behavior monitoring of the hydro-technic constructions at the Negreni reservoir. This paper presents a brief
history of the dam in its construction and exploitation phases, focusing on aspects regarding the behavior monitoring of
Negreni reservoir during the years 1997 – 2020
Irrigation possibilities of the soils from the Northern agricultural region of the Republic of Moldova located in the river basin of the Prut
No full textCurrently, irrigation is considered one of the main factors for regulating and improving the soil moisture regime, but the
establishment of soil irrigation systems for fruit trees in some agricultural areas of the Republic of Moldova is
problematic and deficient.Researching soil cover within the river basins, evaluating the suitability of lands and soils for
irrigation, highlighting the ecological problems that may occur, simultaneously with evaluating the quality of various
water types suitable for irrigation represent current and important issues for all agricultural areas of the Republic of
Moldova. The problem becomes even more pressing in connection with the adoption of the „Regulation on the use of
groundwater for drip irrigation of agricultural land occupied by horticultural crops” (GD RM 635/2020 of 19.08.2020).
Previously, the irrigated land in the Republic of Moldova included mostly typical and carbonate chernozems and some
alluvial soils. The paper aims to avoid and minimize the impact of anthropogenic degradation of soils affected by
intensive agriculture, under different crops, including fruit plantations and consequently not compromising long-term
investments, such as establishing horticultural plantations, given that groundwater is unacceptable for irrigation,
therefore the soils, depending on their suitability, can create ecological irrigation problems. Soil cover and water quality
in various localities of the 2nd ecopedological district of the Republic of Moldova were investigated. The soil type of
Moșeni village, administrative district Râșcani, consists of cambic chernozems in proportion of 75%. Here, over 100 ha
of intensive orchards were established and the water suitable for irrigation is missing
Performance assessment of five adsorbents based on fly ash for removal of cadmium ions
Get PDFFive adsorbents based on fly ash treated with NaOH for the adsorption of cadmium ion from aqueous solutions
were investigated. The materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier trans form infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area methods. The results
demonstrated that the specific surface area of fly ash was improved after NaOH treatment, and that the adsorp tion of cadmium by the new adsorbents reached equilibrium in less than 120 min. The results also confirmed that
the materials treated with NaOH solution by direct activation had a higher adsorption capacity than untreated fly
ash. The maximum adsorption capacities obtained were in the range of 9.18–48.5 mg/g. Also, SEM/EDS and FT-IR
results of Cd(II) loaded adsorbents were performed. The obtained experimental data were used for kinetics de termination using three model equations: a pseudo first-order model, a pseudo second-order model, and the
intraparticle diffusion model. Was found that the adsorption of cadmium ions onto the adsorbents studied fol lows the pseudo second-order model. The adsorption isotherms of the adsorbent synthesized by direct activation
for 15 h using 5 M NaOH at 90 °C with a ratio of 1:3 fly ash: NaOH (A5) was assessed in terms of the Langmuir
(four types of linearization), Freundlich, Temkin, Harkin-Jura, and Halsey models. The effectiveness of the adsor bents was evaluated using the toxicity characteristic leaching (TCLP) procedure. Accordingly, the proposed
methods in this study are recommended for advanced capitalization of fly ash, particularly as a potential adsor bent for the removal of cadmium ions from wastewate