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Development Directions of Fire-Fighting Equipment Using Aircraft Engines Abroad
Get PDFIn the last century, outstanding fire-fighting technology developments have occurred in Hungary. Mobile, quickly deployable, efficient, environmentally friendly tools and technologies with optimal fire extinguishing material use have come to the fore. This included equipment using exhaust gas from internal combustion engines and combustion products from aircraft engines for fire-fighting. The developers’ goal is to reduce environmental and secondary damage during fire-fighting, and at the same time, they sought to increase the efficiency of fire-fighting processes by using measurably less fire-fighting material. In our article, we present the foreign developments of fire-extinguishing equipment that uses aircraft engines with a unique operating principle and is suitable for applying multiple types of fire-extinguishing materials, thus also for implementing complex fire-fighting. We review the design and construction of the equipment, their operating principle, examine their practical application possibilities, and present directions for future development
A rádióvezérelt improvizált robbanóeszközök elleni védelem
Get PDFIn Hungary, with the Russo-Ukrainian war and the war in Gaza, improvised explosive devices (IEDs) are less in the spotlight now than they were during the allied occupation of Afghanistan and Iraq, but they still remained dangerous weapons. They are still used in armed conflicts in remote parts of the world and in these two conflicts too. As they are likely to continue to pose a threat to both military forces and civilians for the foreseeable future, defending against them remains elemental. This article describes the methods and options for countering one type of IED, the radio-remotely controlled device.Magyarországon – a szomszédunkban zajló orosz–ukrán, illetve a gázai háború ellenére – az improvizált robbanóeszközök (IED-k) most kevésbé vannak reflektorfényben, mint korábban az afganisztáni és iraki szövetséges megszállás alatt voltak, de ezek továbbra is veszélyes fegyverek. A világ távolabbi részein zajló fegyveres összecsapásokban és az említett két konfliktusban is alkalmazzák őket. Mivel valószínűleg a belátható jövőben is veszélyt jelentenek mind a haderőkre, mind a civil lakosságra, a védekezés ellenük továbbra is kulcsfontosságú. Ez az írás az IED egyik fajtája, a rádió-távvezérelt eszközök elleni védekezés módszereit és lehetőségeit mutatja be
Kémiai biztonság a robbantástechnikában
Get PDFChemicals are all around us in every aspect of our lives and are a threat to our health and the environment. This is particularly true in the workplace, where we may come into contact with significantly more types and larger quantities of chemicals. As explosives and, in the case of mixtures, their components are also chemicals, they are subject to globally agreed and harmonised chemical safety standards and classification systems. Uniform testing procedures, classification criteria and documentation make it easier to protect the health of workers who come into contact with chemicals, to carry out risk assessments and to take preventive measures.A vegyi anyagok az életünk teljes hosszában és minden területén körbevesznek minket, és veszélyt jelentenek az egészségünkre és a környezetünkre. Különösen igaz ez a munkahelyekre, ahol lényegesen több fajta és nagyobb mennyiségű kemikáliával kerülhetünk kapcsolatba. Mivel a robbanóanyagok, illetve -keverékek esetén azok összetevői is vegyi anyagok, rájuk is vonatkoznak a szerte a világon elfogadott és egységesített kémiai biztonsági normák és osztályozási rendszerek. Az egységes vizsgálati eljárások, besorolási kritériumok és dokumentáció megkönnyítik a vegyi anyagokkal kapcsolatba kerülő munkavállalók egészségének védelmét, a kockázatértékelés elvégzését és a prevenciós intézkedések meghozatalát
Geospatial Crisis Index: Developing Geospatial Analysis System to Support the Hungarian Defence Forces
Get PDFSecurity geography examines the military geography factors influencing the security system and environment of an area, and its investigation method is rooted in geography. The data set related to this, mainly open source databases, is a rapidly changing data set, so its analysis only shows the current state, but if the data set is large enough and considered mass data, it may be suitable for drawing new connections and conclusions for the future. A geospatial analysis system applicable to security geographic analysis is under development, which is continuously collecting data by taking predefined variables into account for a specific area of interest. The geospatial crisis index can be obtained from these local data following a professional analysis procedure based on predefined algorithms. This new index is a unitless numerical value issued by the geospatial evaluation and analysis system used to analyse crisis zones. It is a benchmark allowing areas to be compared in terms of a fixed risk factor or factors to be ranked in a hierarchy by fixing the area. This helps shape the order of the analysis, speeds up the actual text and map evaluation, reduces the need for human resources, and supports commanders in decision-making
A Kínai Népköztársaság és Tajvan katonai úton történő újraegyesítésének kilátásai az orosz–ukrán háború fényében
Get PDFThe paper examines the likelihood and possible scenarios of a military conflict between the People’s Republic of China and Taiwan, drawing parallels with the experience of the Russo-Ukrainian War. The study concludes that Taiwan would not be able to deter the offensive of the People’s Liberation Army by relying solely on its own defence forces. However, Taiwan’s defensive military geography coupled with the military support provided by the United States and its East Asian allies are sufficient to deter Beijing from launching an attack or to repel landing operations on Taiwan. There is a risk that Beijing concludes from the Ukrainian conflict that the United States would not be willing to intervene militarily on behalf of Taiwan against a nuclear power. While the prospects of Chinese reunification by military means remain uncertain, it is vital for the international community, embedded in a globalised world economy, that the parties seek to avoid escalation and a global crisis through diplomacy and peaceful dialogue.A tanulmány a Kínai Népköztársaság és Tajvan közti katonai konfliktus valószínűségét és lehetséges forgatókönyveit vizsgálja, párhuzamba állítva az orosz–ukrán háború tapasztalataival. A szerző fő megállapítása, hogy Tajvan pusztán saját haderejére támaszkodva nem lenne képes elrettenteni a Kínai Népi Felszabadító Hadsereg offenzíváját, azonban a sziget védelmi szempontból kedvező katonaföldrajzi jellemzői, illetve az Egyesült Államok és kelet-ázsiai szövetségeseinek katonai támogatása már elegendő ahhoz, hogy elrettentse Pekinget a támadástól, vagy akár vissza is verjen egy kínai partraszállási kísérletet. Fennáll ugyanakkor a veszélye, hogy Peking az ukrajnai konfliktusból azt a következtetést vonja le, hogy az Egyesült Államok nem lesz hajlandó katonai beavatkozásra Tajvan érdekében egy atomhatalom ellenében. Miközben az egységes Kína katonai eszközökkel történő újraegyesítésének kilátása továbbra is bizonytalan, a globalizált világgazdaságba ágyazott nemzetközi közösség számára létfontosságú, hogy diplomáciai úton, békés párbeszéddel igyekezzenek a felek elkerülni az esetleges eszkalációt és egy globális válság kialakulását
The Perspectives of Family Foster Care in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia
Get PDFReforms of the child protection systems, provision of family- and community-based alternative care has been developed to a certain level in all countries in Central and Eastern Europe and has increased the role of care provided by foster families replacing institutions to ensure that the best interests principle is taken into consideration when children are separated from their families. The research describes the foster care system in the so-called Visegrád countries: the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia, and the results based on at least 50 interviews in each country conducted by local experts on subjective well-being of foster parents, their perceptions about their roles and place in their respective countries and their needs.
The article includes the legal framework, recruitment, preparation and support to foster families, their subjective well-being and needs in the four countries, including the history of their child protection systems to better understand the current situation.
The outcomes show differences in approach to foster care, the perception on the roles, responsibilities and needs based on the different traditions, earlier and current policies and practices. Understanding the attitude changes related to the rights of children, those in vulnerable situations, and to their families of origin would be essential to further develop and improve the child welfare and protection systems, and listening to children on their perceptions and the realisation of their rights
Stories of Afghanistan Beyond the War:: Visual Mobile Communication Via @everydayafg on Instagram
Get PDFAfghanistan has been depicted in traditional Western media as a violent place due to wars and conflicts, but visual mobile social media, such as Instagram, may contribute to changing its depiction by diversifying the content and narratives. Hence, this paper analyses how Afghanistan is presented by collective photographers on @everydayafg, based on three aspects: what/who is visually depicted, what actions/issues are discussed, and what associations are made in the posts. Applying netnography and content analysis, we systematically sampled and coded the first monthly photo since the account creation (2014/2021, N = 76). Results demonstrate that @everydayafg deviates from representations of violence in at least three ways: 1) depicting Afghanistan with human agents; 2) covering more favourable and uplifting topics, as for tourist destinations; and 3) associating the country with a “place of living” and with its “cultural richness”. However, some narratives still raise significant issues, such as human rights and labour conditions in the region. Hence, Instagram is used to challenge prevalent perspectives in the media while generating awareness of relevant local problems
The Effect of Rhetorical Styles on Metadiscourse Choices of Culturally Diverse Authors
Get PDFThere is a perception that the influence of culture-specific rhetorical styles means that academic writing can include a great deal of variety. This study aims to test this hypothesis by exploring the role of rhetorical styles in the choice of interactional metadiscourse by academic writers with different cultural backgrounds. Linguistics research article abstracts by L2 writers from Asian and Slavic countries were used in this contrastive study based on Hyland’s (2005a) model of metadiscourse. Using quantitative and qualitative analysis methods, the study revealed that English-language academic discourse by Slavic writers contained a larger number of hedges and attitude markers and a smaller number of boosters. In contrast to Slavic writers, Asian scholars left far fewer traces of themselves and took more explicitly involved positions. The paper contributes to intercultural pragmatics and may have some implications for English as a lingua franca in academic settings
A műszaki felszámolók támogatóképességei a terrorelhárításban
Get PDFWe need to be aware of the dedicated “warriors” of the missing times, with their sacrificial work, how they supported the activities of the anti-terrorist operations and the task of technical specialists. Only some can fill this difficult task within an operation unit. With their diverse activities and ability, they are intended to bring operations groups to the operation area as soon as possible by opening the doors and windows in the shortest possible time. Their basic training is a 6–7-week process to acquire the necessary knowledge in the field of violent penetration tools, operational sub-technology activities, and operational reconnaissance activities and, with them, support their own operation unit after their training.Tudatában kell lennünk, hogy az eltűnt idők elhivatott „harcosai” áldozatos munkájukkal, miként támogatták a terrorelhárítás műveleti állományának tevékenységét, a műszaki specialisták feladatát. Ezt a nehéz feladatkört csak néhányak képesek betölteni egy műveleti egységen belül. Szerteágazó tevékenységi körükkel, képességükkel arra hivatottak, hogy a műveleti csoportokat a nyílászárók megfelelő módban történő megnyitásával a lehető legrövidebb időn belül a műveleti területre juttassák, ha kell, robbanóanyag használatával is. Alapkiképzésük 6–7 hetes folyamat, amely során elsajátítják az erőszakos behatolási eszközök, a műveleti alpintechnikai tevékenységek, az operatív felderítési tevékenységek területén szükséges ismereteket, és azok birtokában támogatják saját műveleti egységüket a kiképzésük után