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Coups, Regional Security Complexes and the Impact of Nigeria’s Peacekeeping in West Africa, 1960– 2022
Get PDFOver the years, Africa has continued to experience conflicts caused by civil wars and the tussle for power through military coups. Despite having the Mediation & Security Council within ECOWAS, it has been unable to create sustainable peace within the region. The many porous borders between the countries further exacerbate the complexities of its regional security. The consequences of these problems usually affect neighbouring countries, thereby resulting in regional security complexes and the consequent challenges of peacekeeping operations. This paper uses historical, descriptive and comparative analysis by focusing on coups as precursors to security challenges in the region of West Africa and the resulting peacekeeping operations by countries such as Nigeria. Based on the premise of ECOWAS, it introduces some conflicts caused by coups; the challenges of Regional Security Complex in West Africa and the examination of Nigerian Peacekeeping efforts. Furthermore, it offers some recommendations towards sustainable regional peace. Results show that there is a need for the African Union (AU) to do more to secure the continent. Reliance on non-African countries to support its internal security problems has become counterproductive. It recommends that Nigeria should temporarily suspend its peacekeeping operations and channel its resources towards addressing its internal security challenges; that the AU must establish a standing army as a quick response force to address the various continental crises before they become exponential threats and that ECOWAS should implement its common currency plan. Finally, the African Union must develop best practices that can alleviate poverty and guarantee security in line with the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals
Bányafal mérése és modellezése robbantás előtt és után
Get PDFIn the Miskolc Mexikóvölgy limestone mine, the field surface changes occurred by two blasting events were recorded. The field geodetic data was collected with the help of a total station and the corresponding prism. Data processing and field modeling were performed with Microsoft Excel and then with the Golden Software Surfer program. After the blasted rock has been transported, repeated measurements were made, which also allowed for calculate the changes in volume.A Miskolc-Mexikóvölgyi Mészkőbányában két robbantásos kőzetjövesztés eseményeinek a terepi felszínváltozásait rögzítettük. A terepi geodéziai adatgyűjtés egy totál mérőállomás és a hozzá tartozó prizma segítségével történt meg. Az adatfeldolgozást és a terepi modellezést a Microsoft Excel, majd a Golden Software Surfer programmal végeztük el. A lerobbantott kőzetállomány letermelése után ismételt mérések történtek, amelyek által a térfogatbéli változásokat is sikerült elvégezni
A pilóta nélküli légi járművek meghajtási rendszerei
Get PDFUnmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have been surrounded by a number of issues since their inception. Undoubtedly, the use of these devices has reformed aviation, not only for military but also for civilian use. Every day, a number of areas emerge where their existence can contribute to their efficient operation, and the satisfactory technological development of the 21st century offers the opportunity to challenge these tools in a positive way, increasing their effectiveness. The performance required is strongly linked to the choice of propulsion technology, and research and development in this area is one of the most important directions. This article discusses the possible propulsion systems, their operating principles and their main characteristics. It is important to highlight the requirements of the specific applications, so that it is necessary to select the appropriate design on this basis. Potential challenges for the future should also be taken into account. There is an increasing focus on pure electric propulsion, not only on the ground but also in the air, and hence on the energy supply of systems and its industry. This article aims to provide a comprehensive view and comparison of UAV propulsion systems from several perspectives, with all their advantages and disadvantages.A pilóta nélküli légi járműveket (UAV) megjelenésük óta számos kérdés övezi. Kétség sem fér hozzá, ezen eszközök használata megreformálta a repülést nemcsak katonai, de a civil felhasználást tekintve is. Nap mint nap számos olyan terület jelenik meg, amely hatékony működéséhez hozzájárulhat meglétük, és a 21. század kielégítő technológiai fejlettsége lehetőséget biztosít arra, hogy hatásfokukat kedvező irányba növelve új kihívások elé állíthassuk ezeket a segédeszközöket. Az ehhez szükséges teljesítmény jelentősen összefügg azzal, hogy milyen meghajtási technológiát választunk, az erre irányuló kutatások és fejlesztések így az egyik legfontosabb irányt képezik. A cikk a lehetséges meghajtási rendszereket tárgyalja, működési elvüket legfontosabb jellemzőikkel. Fontos kiemelni, milyen elvárásokat követelnek meg az adott felhasználási területek, így ezek alapján szükséges kiválasztani a megfelelő szerkezeti felépítést. Figyelembe kell venni továbbá a jövőben megjelenő potenciális kihívásokat. Egyre tágabb teret kap a tisztán elektromos meghajtás, nemcsak földön, de a levegőben is, így a rendszerek energiaellátása és annak iparága is. A cikk igyekszik átfogó nézetet adni és több szemszögből is összehasonlítani az UAV-k meghajtási rendszereit azok minden előnyével és hátrányával
The DJI Dock 2 is a “Drone in a Box” to Enhance the Unmanned Guard Solution – Scientific Research with the Cooperation of Duplitec Ltd.
Get PDFThe DJI Dock 2 “drone in a box” is an enhanced version of the previous Dock 1 solution, where a more sophisticated, agile, mobile, lightweight and efficient product has been introduced to improve and meet the needs of reliable, fully autonomous drone operations even at an extended range. The latest advances in technology will enable the organisation, planning and execution of fully automated flight operations with drones, even beyond visual range. There are many missions and tasks that were previously dangerous to perform with human resources because it was too risky or did not provide an efficient and satisfactory solution for the control, guarding, protection or continuous surveillance of sites important for the operation of public bodies, sectors of the national economy or for guaranteeing the safety of the population. Now these problems can be adequately addressed with the DJI Dock 2 and its accessories, as it can be used for drone-powered patrols and guarded tours around protected areas
A közelmúlt néhány fontos tanulsága a szállító légi járművek integrált repülőtéren történő kiszolgálásában és repülésre történő felkészítésében
Get PDFCovid pandemic outbreak in 2020 had an immediate, significant, adverse impact on aircraft manufacturing, industrial repair, as well as on aerodrome and air operations. This forced all concerned to take responsive – usually expensive – actions without delay. More pandemics are predicted in the coming years, therefore, it is useful to review the newly developed and proven procedures and their future adaptability.A Covid–19-világjárvány 2020-askitörése azonnali, jelentős kedvezőtlen hatást gyakorolt a légijármű-gyártásra, az ipari javításra, a repülőtéri és légi üzemeltetésre. Ez késlekedésmentes – rendszerint igen költséges – válaszlépésre kényszerítette valamennyi érintettet. Prognózisok szerint az elkövetkező években további pandémiák megjelenése is várható, ezért célszerű a most kidolgozott és bevált eljárások későbbi adaptálhatóságát áttekinteni
Analysing the Rhetoric of Latin American Populist Leaders Regarding the European Union:: The Cases of Bolivia and Ecuador
Get PDFHistorically, Latin America has been a fertile ground for the emergence of populism. Scholars have identified several waves of populist governments flourishing in the region during the last century. The third wave began in the 2000s when leftist leaders came to power in some Latin American countries, a phenomenon called “the Pink Tide”. Two of the most notable examples of populist governments in this wave were Evo Morales in Bolivia (2006–2019) and Rafael Correa in Ecuador (2007–2017). Both leaders promoted an anti-elitist rhetoric highlighting a confrontational divide between domestic elites (as perpetrators of injustices) and the people (as victims). This rhetoric also involved external actors. The relationship with the great powers was permeated by the populist discourse based on the logic of “them vs. us”. In this context, the paper analyses the rhetoric of Evo Morales and Rafael Correa concerning the role of the European Union in their countries. Primary sources (speeches, press releases and official documents) are examined to understand the image built around the EU and to grasp how populist rhetoric portrayed the EU’s role in areas such as trade and migration. The result is a complex assessment of the ideas about the EU disseminated by these leaders, examining how Morales’s and Correa’s rhetoric evolved over the years and identifying similarities and differences between their approaches
Preparations for VR Tactical Training Simulator Efficiency Measurements
Get PDFAfter investigating the applicability of VR simulators in the Hungarian Defence Forces, we searched further for a specific training location in time and place, where VR tactical simulation can be effectively applied. We hypothesise that the effectiveness of infantry soldier training can be made cheaper and thus more efficient if it is properly thought through. For this purpose, we have prepared a measurement. The scientific background to this measurement is presented in this article, together with an examination of the practical potential of the technology and training. The measurement will be conducted based on this research, experimentally embedded in the training plan of officer candidates
Project Camelot – A U.S. Army Social Science Research Project
Get PDFProject Camelot was an ambitious social science project that came into existence in late 1964. The goal of the project was to assess the causes of war and to identify the actions that the American government could take to prevent such wars. The period between the introduction of Project Camelot and its ultimate demise raises interesting questions about the relationship between the American government, the military, and social sciences
E-Government in Nigeria: Can Generative AI Serve as a Tool for Civic Engagement?
Get PDFThis paper examines the potential for using generative artificial intelligence (AI) to boost civic participation in Nigeria’s developing e-government ecosystem. Emerging generative technologies like ChatGPT demonstrate intriguing capabilities to make governance more interactive and engaging through conversational interfaces. Thoughtfully implemented AI tools could increase access and understanding of e-government, particularly for underserved groups. However, risks around bias, privacy, security and capability limitations pose challenges for public sector applications. Additionally, Nigeria’s substantial digital divides and defective trust in government institutions hamper e-government participation currently. This paper analyses opportunities and limitations for applying generative AI to advance civic engagement given Nigeria’s unique socio-cultural context. Findings suggest that while AI holds promise, targeted strategies focused on inclusion, accessibility, education and institutional legitimacy building are critical to realise benefits. Cautious optimism, human-centric design and responsible governance frameworks are needed to employ generative systems successfully. If challenges are addressed, AI could open innovative possibilities for energising civic participation. But further research and controlled pilot applications are required to determine optimal implementation
Latvia’s Ambiguous Attitude towards the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities: Is Diversity a Threat?
Get PDFOn 22 February 2024, the Advisory Committee on the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities published a critical opinion on Latvia within the framework of the fourth monitoring cycle. This text is centred on government comments as an important element of the standardised FCNM monitoring mechanisms provided by the Latvian Government during the four monitoring circles. This study identifies and assesses the key arguments and techniques employed by Latvia in this sectoral dialogue framework. It shows that the Latvian authorities view diversity as a threat to social cohesion, and their endeavours, inter alia, in the minority education domain, combine references to Latvia’s traumatic historical experience, constitutional identity, and the margin of state discretion that camouflage the absence of political will to advance minority rights. Among other negative factors, this signals a dangerous path that could likely be followed by other states that are parties to this Convention