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Könyvismertetés Bartóki-Gönczy Balázs – Sulyok Gábor (szerk.) The New Space Age: Legal and Policy Perspectives című művéről
Full text linkA népességeloszlás mint biztonságpolitikai veszélyforrás kelet-afrikai példákon keresztül
Full text linkEast African states face a number of challenges, not least the uneven population density and the locations of their capitals. The former depends on a number of factors, notably topography, livelihoods and climate. The capitals are primarily a colonial legacy, as are most of the frontiers, although there are rare counter-examples of both in East Africa. The paper examines, ceteris paribus, the impact of uneven population density, relatively large land areas and capitals on African statehood. All other factors are excluded, and no other indicators are included that would influence the impact of these three factors. For this purpose, the system of center-periphery relations and the theory of concentric circles are applied.A kelet-afrikai államok számos nehézséggel néznek szembe, amelyek közül kiemelkedik az egyenlőtlen népességeloszlás, valamint a fővárosok elhelyezkedésének problémája. Előbbi számos tényezőtől függ, elsősorban a domborzati viszonyoktól, a megélhetési feltételektől és a klímától. A fővárosok pedig elsősorban gyarmati örökségnek tekinthetők, csakúgy, mint a határvonalak zöme, habár mindkét esetre vannak ritka ellenpéldák Kelet-Afrikában.A tanulmány ceteris paribus módon vizsgálja, hogy az egyenlőtlen népességeloszlás, a relatíve nagy országterület és a fővárosok jelentette kihívás hogyan hat a kelet-afrikai államok viszonylatában. Minden más mellőzve van, nem kerülnek be egyéb indikátorok, amelyek befolyásolnák e három tényező hatását. A probléma vizsgálatához az elméleti keretet a centrum-periféria viszonyrendszer és a koncentrikus körök elmélete jelenti
Recenzió Tóth Ágoston The Company that Words Keep: Distributional Semantics című könyvéről
Full text linkReview of Tóth Ágoston\u27s book entitled The Company that Words Keep: Distributional SemanticsTóth Ágoston 2014: The Company that Words Keep: Distributional Semantics. Debrecen: Debrecen University Pres
A szakcsoportos felkészítés jelene és jövője a Magyar Honvédség szárazföldi haderőnemében
Full text linkOver the course of the last decade, Hungary has placed great emphasis on the procurement of 21st-century military hardware for its combat and combat support arms. This publication lays the focus on the soldier intended to operate this new military equipment, with the unambiguous intention of posing the question: in what direction is our individual weapon and crew training to evolve in order to ensure success in the multi-domain operations of the future? Have the foundations of the necessary paradigm shift in individual training already been laid, and what may we learn from the methodology of our partner forces?A Magyar Honvédség kötelékében beszerzett, valamint gyártott 21. századi haditechnikai eszközök a védelmi képesség növekedésének új horizontját nyitották meg a harcoló és harctámogató alegységek előtt. A haderőfejlesztés fókuszában ugyanakkor a katona szerepel, aki ezen haditechnikai képességnövekedés lehető legnagyobb léptékű kiaknázását lehetővé teszi. A tanulmány az egyéni beosztásra történő szakkiképzés első lépcsőfokát: a szakcsoportos felkészítést vizsgálja a szárazföldi erők vonatkozásában; az eddigiekben alkalmazott eljárásrend, egy NATO-partner haderő mintája, valamint a KF41 LYNX gyalogsági harcjármű példája mentén
Hibrid háború a gazdaság területén: A kereskedelmi háború az igazságos háború elmélet szempontjából: elmélet és esettanulmány
Full text linkIn recent times, economic conflicts between states increasingly escalate into trade wars. The tension between the European Union (EU) and China over the EU tariff imposed on electric vehicles (EV) manufactured in China is a prime example of this trend. This case highlights the practical significance of just war theory in the context of economic disputes. The three fundamental principles of just war – just cause, proportionality, and last resort – can provide moral and legal justification for the application of counterbalancing measures in situations where one party gains an unfair market advantage.Napjainkban egyre gyakrabban eszkalálódnak kereskedelmi háborúvá az államok közti gazdasági konfliktusok. Az Európai Unió (EU) és Kína közti, a Kínában gyártott elektromos járművekre (EV) kivetett uniós vám miatt kialakult feszültség is ezt támasztja alá. Az eset rámutat az igazságos háború koncepciójának gyakorlati jelentőségére a gazdasági konfliktusok dimenziójában. Az igazságos háború három alapvető elve – az igazságos ok, az arányosság és az utolsó lehetőség – adhat morális és jogi igazolást a kiegyenlítő lépések alkalmazására olyan helyzetekben, amikor az egyik fél igazságtalan piaci előnyre tesz szert
The Fight against Organised Crime in Serbia and International Police Cooperation
Full text linkThis report outlines the legislative framework and institutional mechanisms in the fight against organised crime, as well as international police cooperation between the Republic of Serbia and its foreign partners. The legislative framework includes key international and national sources, particularly the Palermo Convention against Organized Crime, the Law on the Organisation and Competencies of State Bodies in the Fight against Organised Crime, Terrorism and Corruption, the Criminal Procedure Code, the Criminal Code and the Law on Confiscation of Property Acquired through Crime, among others. Institutional mechanisms crucial for combatting organised crime encompass various forms of police and intelligence operations alongside various authorities, organisations and agencies. In the final section, the report offers several proposals for enhancing the legislative framework and the operational practices of police and law enforcement agencies. Given Serbia’s application for EU membership, the importance of aligning national laws with EU regulations in the fight against organised crime and other serious criminal activities is particularly emphasised
Investigation of Fatal Road Traffic Accidents Involving Passenger Cars Based on Vehicle Age in Hungary
Full text linkAmongst the causes of road traffic accidents, mechanical failure of cars due to their mechanical condition appears with the most minor proportion. Authorities do not examine the possible impacts of the vehicles’ mechanical condition and age on the severity of the road accidents they are involved in. The data on fatal road accidents involving cars will be presented and analysed based on the age composition of the vehicle fleet. The basis of the research is the deep analysis of the concluded investigation documents of fatal road accidents between 2016 and 2017 in all the counties of Hungary since the accident statistics of the Central Statistical Office do not include the data uncovered during the investigation or the accident causes determined at the end of the process. In 2016, the average age of passenger cars was 13.9 years, while the average age of passenger cars involved in accidents where fatalities occurred was 15.5 years. In 2017, the average age of passenger cars was 14.1 years, while the average age of passenger cars involved in accidents was 15.5 years. In cases where another vehicle was involved in the accident, but no one died, the average age of vehicles was 12.1 years in 2016 and 10.9 years in 2017. During accidents, nearly 40% of road users did not use seat belts, which also adversely affected the outcome of the accidents. The ageing of the vehicle fleet harms the severity of accident outcomes, as the passive safety features of more modern vehicles – if used – provide more effective protection for road users
Analysis of Jack the Ripper’s Series of Murders 137 Years Later Using Modern Forensic Tools
Full text linkThe study examines a series of homicides that occurred in London 137 years ago based on a book by Patricia Cornwell, an American forensic lab director. In 2001, the expert conducted a detailed investigation at the original crime scenes and retrieved the case documents related to six victims definitively linked to the perpetrator known as Jack the Ripper.
Based on the collected evidence, suspicion arose that the crimes were committed by Walter Sickert, a renowned English painter. The study presents the evidence supporting both personal and material suspicion against him. These findings are compared with milestones in criminalistics and elements of the theoretical pyramid model of criminalistics developed by the authors.
The case analysis demonstrates the importance of the forensic “first strike” in leading to a successful investigation. The lack of meticulous crime scene investigation and immediate evidence collection significantly complicates later investigations, even those conducted decades or centuries afterward. At the same time, DNA analysis, widely used in the 21st century, has proven instrumental in solving historical crimes and identifying unknown perpetrators even after 113 years.
Overall, the retrospective detection attempt conducted 24 years ago, involving the collection and evaluation of evidence using modern forensic tools, can still provide clues and useful data even 137 years later to advance a previously stalled investigation
A politikai hatalom és erő szerepének problémája a nemzetközi fejlesztési segélyezés összefüggésében
No full textThe theoretical foundations of development aid and the question of how to provide it correctly and without causing further harm are central to academic thinking on the subject. In this paper, we examine the forms and extent to which soft and hard power manifest themselves in international aid relations. Our line of thinking is based on the consideration that international aid is part of politics in the broadest sense and typically takes place between state actors. Therefore, we first examine power in the international relations system as a whole and then turn to aid cooperation with the aim of highlighting the theoretical conditions that shape regimes and can determine and reinterpret the donor-recipient relationship.A fejlesztési segélyezés elvi megalapozása, a helyes, károkozás nélkül történő segélynyújtás kérdése a rezsimmel kapcsolatos tudományos gondolkodás központi része. Írásunkban azt vizsgáljuk, hogy a hatalom és az erő milyen formában, mértékben jelenik meg a nemzetközi segélyezési relációkban. Gondolatmenetünket abból a megfontolásból vezetjük le, hogy a nemzetközi segélyezés a legszélesebb értelemben vett politika része, és jellemzően állami szereplők között zajlik. Ezért először a nemzetközi kapcsolatok rendszerének egészében vizsgáljuk a hatalmat, majd ezután fordulunk a segélyezés felé azzal a céllal, hogy rámutassunk azokra a rezsimet alakító elméleti körülményekre, amelyek meghatározhatják és újraértelmezhetik a donor és a recipiens kapcsolatát
Evolving Role of Women in the Developing World: Indian Women Peacekeepers in Africa
Full text linkGender roles and patriarchy has often limited women’s participation in society and challenged their possible contributions to the community and the nation. While the 20th and the 21st century brough positive changes to women’s rights and role in the society across the developed and in many parts of the developing world, women still remain burdened with traditional gender defined roles and responsibilities in the developing world.
The paper explores the evolving role of women in the developing world, with a focus on India and explore the changing attitudes towards women’s participation and role in the defence services. While traditionally a male dominated profession, women in India have created space within the profession, and have become an integral part of the Indian armed forces.
The paper further explores India’s efforts in creating a women’s only peacekeeping group, which have successfully carried out peacekeeping missions in Africa and represents a major milestone for the empowerment of women and women’s leadership in the developing world.
The paper also examines the opportunities and challenges facing women in the Indian armed forces, and how structural challenges still limit women’s participation and access to leadership positions in the profession