Revistas UDEA (Universidad de Antioquia)
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Un encuentro con la obra de Claude Lefort. La incerteza y la libertad
No full textThis reflection article analyzes the work of Claude Lefort through the question: What role does freedom play in his political philosophy? It argues that, although freedom is not explicitly conceptualized as a central axis, it constitutes a transversal principle in his thought, which focuses primarily on democracy and totalitarianism. Employing a conceptual and analytical approach, the study examines the notions of indeterminacy, uncertainty, power, and ideology as conditions of modern democracy. It contends that, for Lefort, freedom should not be understood in axiological or liberal terms, but rather as an existential condition linked to the indeterminacy of power and the critical exercise of citizenship. The contribution of the article lies in making freedom visible as an articulating category of Lefort’s work, in contrast to previous studies that emphasize totalitarianism or the institutionalization of the void. Among the conclusions, it stands out that for Lefort uncertainty and the capacity to question are constitutive elements of both freedom and the political, offering insights for imagining open democratic regimes in the face of contemporary crises.Este artículo de reflexión analiza la obra de Claude Lefort a partir de la pregunta: ¿qué lugar ocupa la libertad en su filosofía política? Sostiene que, aunque la libertad no es conceptualizada explícitamente como eje central, constituye un principio transversal en su pensamiento, el cual se especializa en la democracia y totalitarismo. A partir de un enfoque conceptual y analítico, el estudio examina las nociones de incerteza, incertidumbre, poder e ideología como condiciones de la democracia moderna. Se argumenta que, para Lefort, la libertad no debe entenderse en términos axiológicos o liberales, sino como una condición existencial vinculada a la indeterminación del poder y al ejercicio crítico de la ciudadanía. El aporte del artículo radica en visibilizar la libertad como categoría articuladora de su obra, en contraste con estudios anteriores centrados en el totalitarismo o la institucionalización del vacío. Entre las conclusiones se destaca que para Lefort la incerteza y la posibilidad de dudar son elementos constitutivos de la libertad y de lo político, ofreciendo claves para pensar regímenes democráticos abiertos frente a las crisis contemporáneas
Eficácia do Governo e sua Relação com o Apoio ao Cidadão nas Redes Sociais.
No full textThis study addresses the question: How does government effectiveness influence citizen support on social media? The research identifies components of governmental effectiveness—such as policy credibility and the quality of non-economic services—as having a significant impact on the volume and intensity of digital citizen support. Using a quantitative and mixed-methods approach, the study integrates content analysis, data mining techniques, and structural modeling based on indicators adapted to the Colombian context. The findings reveal that, while debt management has no perceptible impact, budgetary credibility increases the volume of interactions. Paradoxically, higher quality in cultural and educational services leads to more comments, but with increased negativity, suggesting a tension between citizen expectations and institutional narratives. Connecting classical governance indicators with digital interaction metrics (contrasting with previous studies that treated both phenomena separately) constitutes a significant scientific contribution. This is especially relevant as social media platforms increasingly serve as arenas for legitimizing or criticizing public management in decentralized democratic contexts.Este estudio responde a la pregunta: ¿cómo incide la eficacia del gobierno en el respaldo ciudadano en redes sociales? La investigación señala componentes de la eficacia gubernamental, como la credibilidad de las políticas y la calidad de los servicios no económicos, que influyen significativamente en el volumen e intensidad del respaldo ciudadano digital. Bajo un enfoque cuantitativo y metodológico mixto se integran técnicas de análisis de contenido, minería de datos y modelos estructurales con base en indicadores adaptados al contexto colombiano. Los hallazgos revelan que, mientras la gestión de deuda no tiene impacto perceptible, la credibilidad presupuestal incrementa el volumen de interacciones. Paradójicamente, una mayor calidad de servicios culturales y educativos incrementa tanto los comentarios como su negatividad, lo que sugiere una tensión entre expectativas ciudadanas y narrativa institucional. El poder conectar indicadores clásicos de gobernanza con métricas de interacción digital, contrastando con estudios previos que trataban ambos fenómenos de manera aislada, es un aporte científico significativo. Teniendo en cuenta, además, que las redes sociales se consolidan como espacios de legitimación o crítica hacia la gestión pública en contextos democráticos descentralizados.A transformação da prestação de serviços públicos e da governação, impulsionada pelo desenvolvimento tecnológico, alterou significativamente as operações governamentais e a interacção com os cidadãos. Desde o surgimento do governo eletrónico até à utilização das redes sociais governamentais, têm sido feitos esforços para aumentar a transparência e a participação dos cidadãos. Este estudo se concentra na região da Paisagem Cultural Cafeeira Colombiana, explorando a relação entre a eficácia do governo e o endosso social em perfis de mídia social, especificamente no Facebook.Os resultados revelam que a eficácia do governo influencia a construção de um vínculo positivo entre os cidadãos e as instituições públicas. Embora a pandemia da COVID-19 possa alterar a medição desta dimensão, a participação nas redes sociais surge como uma expressão significativa de apoio social, mesmo em territórios com conectividade limitada. O estudo sugere que as instituições públicas devem reforçar a eficácia do governo, melhorar a transparência e a responsabilização e aproveitar as redes sociais para promover a participação dos cidadãos, contribuindo assim para a construção de uma sociedade mais democrática e participativa
Annonces de politique monétaire et maturité des produits dérivés. Impacts sur la volatilité du taux de change du peso mexicain : Modèles GARCH et OCHL
No full textWe analyze the impact of interest rate changes and derivatives maturity announcements on exchange rate volatility in Mexico. To do so, we first estimate volatility using four measures of range volatility (OCLH models) and three extensions of the GARCH family (GARCH, TARCH and EGARCH), assuming normal distribution, t-Student and GED. Once volatilities are estimated, the impact of monetary policy announcements and derivatives maturity on the MexDer is estimated using daily closing, opening, high, and low data during the period January/2013-April/2024. The results show that range volatility measures underestimate exchange rate volatility. Apparently, derivatives maturities and monetary policy announcements have a negative effect on range/intraday volatilities, but not on the conditional volatility that contemplates persistence and asymmetry in volatility.El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar el impacto de los anuncios de cambios de tasas de interés y del vencimiento de los derivados en la volatilidad cambiaria en México. Para ello, primero se estima la volatilidad mediante cuatro medidas de volatilidad de rango (modelos OCLH) y tres extensiones de la familia GARCH (GARCH, TARCH y EGARCH) asumiendo distribución normal, t-Student y GED. Una vez estimadas las volatilidades, se estima el impacto de los anuncios de política monetaria y del vencimiento de derivados en el MexDer. Se emplean datos diarios de cierre, apertura, máximo y mínimo durante el periodo 2013-Mayo/2024. Los resultados arrojan que las medidas de volatilidad de rango infravaloran la volatilidad cambiaria. Aparentemente, los vencimientos de los derivados y los anuncios de la política monetaria tienen un efecto negativo en las volatilidades de rango/intradía, pero no en la volatilidad condicional que contempla persistencia y asimetría en la volatilidad.L'objectif de cet article est d'analyser l'impact des annonces de taux d'intérêt et d'échéances de produits dérivés sur la volatilité du taux de change au Mexique. Pour ce faire, nous estimons d'abord la volatilité en utilisant quatre mesures de volatilité de rang (modèles OCLH) et trois extensions de la famille GARCH (GARCH, TARCH et EGARCH) en supposant une distribution normale, t-Student et GED. Une fois les volatilités estimées, l'impact des annonces de politique monétaire et de la maturité des produits dérivés sur le MexDer est estimé en utilisant les données quotidiennes de clôture, d'ouverture, de haut et de bas sur la période 2013-mai/2024. Les résultats montrent que les mesures de volatilité de la fourchette sous-estiment la volatilité du taux de change. Apparemment, les échéances des produits dérivés et les annonces de politique monétaire ont un effet négatif sur les volatilités de la fourchette/intraday, mais pas sur la volatilité conditionnelle qui capture la persistance et l'asymétrie de la volatilité
Comprehensive Analysis of Nutritional, Organoleptic, and Functional Aspects of Cow's Milk and Plant-Based Milk Alternatives in the Colombian Market
No full textBackground: Plant-based beverages, also known as plant-based milk alternatives, are often considered nutritional replacements for conventional cow's milk, as they can serve similar organoleptic and gastronomic purposes. They are increasingly preferred by consumers who have transitioned from conventional milk for various reasons, including lactose intolerance, health concerns, and ethical considerations related to animal welfare and environmental sustainability. However, the nutritional differences between plant-based beverages and cow's milk have been well-documented in the literature, highlighting variations in essential nutrients such as protein, sugars, saturated fats, sodium, and calcium. Objectives: to analyze the nutritional profile of plant-based milk alternatives available in the Colombian market and cow´s milk, to identify whether they can be considered nutritional alternatives. Methods: through the recollection of the data reported in the Nutritional Facts table presented in the labels of the selected products in the supermarkets of the city of Medellín, Colombia, in addition to the launches reported on Mintel Market Research © to cover the national territory, and the nutritional profile of whole and skimmed cow´s milk, a comparative analysis is performed using the Health Star Rating methodology from Australia and New Zeeland. Results: 96 plant-based milk alternatives were evaluated and categorized by vegetable source. The skimmed milk was ranked best because of its low-fat content, followed by the whole milk. The soy and cashew beverages evaluated were the best ranked of all the available plant-based options. Almond and oat beverages, and those whose source is a combination of two or more vegetable sources, obtained third place, followed by the rice beverages in fourth place, and coconut beverages in last. Conclusions: none of the commercially available plant-based alternative milks in Colombia are an adequate nutritional substitute for cow´s milk, mainly due to their protein, added sugars, and calcium contents
Photoprotective Capacity of Pheophytin a isolated from Caribbean Sea brown algae
No full textABSTRACT
Background: Photoprotection includes an array of strategies to prevent the harmful effects of solar radiation on the skin and other parts of the body, becoming crucial in preventing skin damage and associated pathologies. Due to their photoprotective capacity, natural products from algae have been promised for skin protection in cosmetic applications. Objectives: This work aimed to evaluate the photoprotective capacity of pheophytin a isolated from the brown algae Dictyota pinnatifida collected in the Colombian Caribbean Sea. Methods: Pheophytin a was isolated from the brown seaweed Dictyota pinnatifida. Three in vitro spectrophotometric activity assays (SPF, UVAr y λc) were used to evaluate this compound's photoprotection capacity. Results: This chlorophyll derivative is a magnesium-free pigment, with multiple conjugated double bonds featuring a porphyrin ring esterified with a phytol chain. Such structural features make this marine natural product optimal for absorbing and stabilizing solar radiation. In vitro photoprotective activity assays revealed promising results for skin UVA photoprotection with SPF of 2.916 ± 0.355 and 1.411 ± 0.138, UVAr of 6.815 ± 2.296 and 4.629 ± 1.347, and λc of 394.639 ± 0.493 and 394.072 ± 0.912, at concentrations of 30 and 10 ppm, respectively. Conclusions: Pheophytin a has the potential for skin-photoprotection-related applications, particularly against UVA radiatio
Poemas: Else Lasker-Schüler
No full textThe following are five poems by the German expressionist author Else Lasker-Schüler with their Spanish translations. The concern for the reliability of the source of the German version from which they were translated led to a rigorous search within the digitized archives of the author. This endowed the translation exercise with a philological perspective due to the use of tools from other fields, such as textual criticism. During the translation process, special attention was paid to the author's original style, full of neologisms and formal innovations and poetic proposals typical of the expressionist movement to which she belonged.A continuación, se presentan cinco poemas de la autora expresionista alemana Else Lasker-Schüler con sus traducciones al español. La preocupación por la fiabilidad de fuente de la versión alemana desde la que se tradujo derivó en una búsqueda rigurosa dentro de los archivos digitalizados de la autora. Esto dotó al ejercicio traductivo de una perspectiva filológica debido al uso de herramientas de otros campos, como la crítica textual. Durante el proceso traductor se prestó especial cuidado al estilo original de la autora, cargado de neologismos e innovaciones formales y de propuestas poéticas propias del movimiento expresionista.
Selección y traducción de Juan Pablo Sepúlveda Carmon
