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    European Contract Law Harmonization: Aims and Tools

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    Futures at Stake: Why Louisiana Needs Better Policy to Protect Children’s Identities in the News Media

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    The purpose of this paper is to examine how the identification of youth names and photos in relation to criminal acts in the news media produces major negative effects, and to provide policy suggestions for Louisiana to address and prevent these ramifications. First, the paper will provide theoretical background into the current forms of color-blind racism, symbolic racism, and structural/institutional racism which dominate American society and allow seemingly non-racial mechanisms to criminalize and control Black Americans. These ideologies and larger institutional inequalities not only lead to Black children facing an increased risk of arrest and criminalization, but further allow for the mention of an arrest in a news article to inappropriately symbolize guilt regardless of the outcome. This understanding will help explain why the current law in Louisiana meant to protect youth from being exposed in the media, known as the Children’s Code, actually contains loopholes which allow Louisiana news outlets to damage the identity of Black children in their articles, and disproportionately mention Black children in relation to particularly serious or heinous crimes. By using examples of reform initiatives from newsrooms around the country and evaluating a case study for a pair of articles written on a Louisiana youth, I propose a policy amendment to the Children’s Code prohibiting the identification of youth and their criminal record under all circumstances, and further propose ways in which media outlets can take initiative to alter publication practices that currently serve to preserve and spread damaging, racialized messages

    Rest in Pieces (RIP): Mutability of Gender Identity and Personhood in Pre- and Protopalatial (3000-1700 BCE) Minoan Tholos Tombs

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    During the Pre- and Protopalatial periods (ca. 3000-1700 BCE), the Minoans, the Bronze Age inhabitants of the Aegean island of Crete, viewed death as transitory, practicing a variety of funerary and mortuary processes involving the physical and symbolic modification of the deceased. The shift from primary burial (i.e., initial interment) to secondary burial (i.e., disarticulation, curation, and burning of the corpse) facilitated the transformation of the deceased’s gender identities and personhoods. Specifically, at tholos tombs the Minoans actively used these stages of death as opportunities to restructure gender identities and distinctions previously held in life. In this article, I will address how the funerary architecture of the tholos tombs and the secondary stages of death reveal the mutability, or fluidity, of gender identities and personhoods in Minoan death. Using feminist theories, I will argue that the Minoans viewed gender as mutable in death; the function and value of certain gender identities was largely dependent on the mourner’s relationships to the deceased, and the spatial and temporal context of the tholos tomb mortuary landscape.    &nbsp

    Social Media and the Internet Drive the Need for a Federal Statute to Protect the Commercial Value of Identity

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    Bundesverband der Verbraucherzentralen und Verbraucherverbände v. Planet49: “C” Is for Cookie (and Consent)

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    XYZ Corp. v. United States: A Company by Any Other Name

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    Enforcing Socio-economic Rights Through Immediate Efficacy: A Case Study of Rio De Janeiro’s Right to Housing

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    The enforcement of human rights by the judiciary is a widespread option, translated intodifferent constitutional clauses. From the progressive realization to the immediate application,many alternatives combine the urge in turning those moral commitments into reality without losingthe authority legal clauses should retain. The Brazilian experience, despite the formal allusion tointermediate application, was turned into the assertion of immediate efficacy throughinterpretation. This Article concludes that adding efficacy as a constitutional feature of the humanrights system to be scrutinized by the Judiciary does not enhance enforcement—in fact, itcontributes to increased inequality. The hypothesis is demonstrated through a case study in theright to housing in Rio de Janeiro, and the judicial solution that was created in order to give flesh toa right without any statutory delimitation. Despite the urgency inherent in many human rights, aconstitutional interpretation transfers to the Judiciary the definition of socio-economic rightscontent, which call for democratic distributive decisions that belong to the political realm

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