University Scientific Journals (Univ. of Gdansk)
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Les relectures empathiques (im)possibles d’Un alligator nommé Rosa de Marie-Célie Agnant
Full text linkThe aim of the present paper is to answer the question whether it is possible to reread the book Un alligator nommé Rosa (2007) by Marie-Célie Agnant, a Quebec writer of Haitian origins, through the lenses of empathy and of what A. Gefen (2017) names the “empathetic participation” of the reader. The book tells the story of two victims of Rosa Bosquet (based on the real person), the cruel right-hand woman of former Haitian president F. Duvallier, who decide to punish Rosa, now old, paralyzed, mute, and entirely defenseless. The paper is divided into three parts, analyzing the three main protagonists and their possible empathetic reception by the reader. It turns out that the narrative strategies used by Agnant and the changes of role between executioner and victim, provoke that the empathy is frequently blocked. It does not mean however that the empathetic rereading of the book is vain: it makes the reader reflect on the nature of Good and Evil and encourages them to “repair the world”.The aim of the present paper is to answer the question whether it is possible to reread the book Un alligator nommé Rosa (2007) by Marie-Célie Agnant, a Quebec writer of Haitian origins, through the lenses of empathy and of what A. Gefen (2017) names the “empathetic participation” of the reader. The book tells the story of two victims of Rosa Bosquet (based on the real person), the cruel right-hand woman of former Haitian president F. Duvallier, who decide to punish Rosa, now old, paralyzed, mute, and entirely defenseless. The paper is divided into three parts, analyzing the three main protagonists and their possible empathetic reception by the reader. It turns out that the narrative strategies used by Agnant and the changes of role between executioner and victim, provoke that the empathy is frequently blocked. It does not mean however that the empathetic rereading of the book is vain: it makes the reader reflect on the nature of Good and Evil and encourages them to “repair the world”.The aim of the present paper is to answer the question whether it is possible to reread the book Un alligator nommé Rosa (2007) by Marie-Célie Agnant, a Quebec writer of Haitian origins, through the lenses of empathy and of what A. Gefen (2017) names the “empathetic participation” of the reader. The book tells the story of two victims of Rosa Bosquet (based on the real person), the cruel right-hand woman of former Haitian president F. Duvallier, who decide to punish Rosa, now old, paralyzed, mute, and entirely defenseless. The paper is divided into three parts, analyzing the three main protagonists and their possible empathetic reception by the reader. It turns out that the narrative strategies used by Agnant and the changes of role between executioner and victim, provoke that the empathy is frequently blocked. It does not mean however that the empathetic rereading of the book is vain: it makes the reader reflect on the nature of Good and Evil and encourages them to “repair the world”
The role of family and individual factors in going through adolescence having a disabled sibling – analysis of a healthy child’s functioning. A case-control study protocol
Full text linkBackground
Having a disabled sibling can be a source of extremely important and enriching experiences that foster the development of social and emotional competences, as well as broadening the child’s perspective and knowledge. On the other hand, it also poses many challenges for the siblings, especially in adolescence. Thus, the aim of the proposed project is to investigate the specificity of the growing up process in young people with disabled siblings.
Participants and procedure
A total of 160 dyads (320 participants) – an adolescent and one of his/her parents – will take part in this cross-sectional case-control study. Participants will be assigned to four groups, having a sibling with: 1) intellectual disability, 2) motor disability, 3) chronic somatic disease, and 4) the control group – having a sibling without any disability. Both the healthy adolescent and one of the parents will fill out a set of questionnaires regarding the study variables: Questionnaire of Relationships with Siblings, Parental Attitude Scale-2, KidScreen-27, Parentification Questionnaire for Youth, Teenage Rebellion Questionnaire, Child Behavior Checklist 6-18.
Results
The primary outcomes include investigating the healthy adolescent functioning in three environments: family, peers and school. The proposed research model focuses both on the difficulties associated with having a disabled sibling (e.g. possible occurrence of disorders) and resources (e.g. higher quality of relationships in the family, especially in the sibling subsystem).
Conclusions
The proposed comprehensive approach to the issue of disability in the family from the perspective of a healthy child will allow for a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the process of growing up with disabled siblings.Background
Having a disabled sibling can be a source of extremely important and enriching experiences that foster the development of social and emotional competences, as well as broadening the child’s perspective and knowledge. On the other hand, it also poses many challenges for the siblings, especially in adolescence. Thus, the aim of the proposed project is to investigate the specificity of the growing up process in young people with disabled siblings.
Participants and procedure
A total of 160 dyads (320 participants) – an adolescent and one of his/her parents – will take part in this cross-sectional case-control study. Participants will be assigned to four groups, having a sibling with: 1) intellectual disability, 2) motor disability, 3) chronic somatic disease, and 4) the control group – having a sibling without any disability. Both the healthy adolescent and one of the parents will fill out a set of questionnaires regarding the study variables: Questionnaire of Relationships with Siblings, Parental Attitude Scale-2, KidScreen-27, Parentification Questionnaire for Youth, Teenage Rebellion Questionnaire, Child Behavior Checklist 6-18.
Results
The primary outcomes include investigating the healthy adolescent functioning in three environments: family, peers and school. The proposed research model focuses both on the difficulties associated with having a disabled sibling (e.g. possible occurrence of disorders) and resources (e.g. higher quality of relationships in the family, especially in the sibling subsystem).
Conclusions
The proposed comprehensive approach to the issue of disability in the family from the perspective of a healthy child will allow for a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the process of growing up with disabled siblings
Metaleptyczne doświadczenie literatury w "Disco Elysium: The Final Cut"
Full text linkLiterary texts appear simultaneously as diegetic and non-diegetic entries in the contemporary video games. That dual role and interactive properties of the medium allow their readers to observe and enact the affiliations between literature, thoughts and objects. The affordances of literary texts are therefore reshaped and reexamined, while metalepsis, the transgression of narrative boundaries, occurs. This article discusses literature as a phenomenon functioning in a complex system disclosed in a digital environment. The analysis of how books are used in the video game Disco Elysium: The Final Cut (2021) serves to explicate how the metaleptic experience of literature can be achieved through the game medium. Object-oriented ontology, unnatural narratology and ludology provide the methodological framework for the research.We współczesnych grach wideo teksty literackie pojawiają się jednocześnie jako wpisy diegetyczne i niediegetyczne. Ta podwójna rola i interaktywne właściwości medium pozwalają czytelnikom obserwować i odgrywać powiązania pomiędzy literaturą, myślami i przedmiotami. Afordancje tekstów literackich ulegają zatem przekształceniu i ponownemu zbadaniu, podczas gdy miejsce ma metalepsa, czyli przekroczenie granic narracyjnych. W artykule literatura omówiona jest jako zjawisko funkcjonujące w złożonym systemie ujawniającym się w środowisku cyfrowym. Analiza wykorzystania książek w grze wideo Disco Elysium: The Final Cut (2021) ma na celu wyjaśnienie, w jaki sposób metaleptyczne doświadczenie literatury można osiągnąć za pośrednictwem gry. Ramy metodologiczne badań tworzą ontologia obiektowa, narratologia nienaturalna i ludologia
Pieniądze szczęścia nie dają, a może jednak? Zarobki tłumaczy a satysfakcja związana z wynagrodzeniem
Full text linkThis paper provides a comprehensive analysis of translator earnings in Poland based on one of the largest analyses of the Polish translation market. Quantitative data from other surveys were examined and compared to assess mean income levels, income distribution and changes over time. The results show that the translators’ community is very diverse. There are translators who earn well and translators who feel that they are underpaid. Experience, additional specialist education or specialization do not impact rates. Factors that noticeably affect the rates are certification as a sworn translator, form of employment and translated language. The most important discovery is that the level of earnings has a significant impact on translators’ job satisfaction, level of stress, or exhaustion. The demand-supply dynamics of the translation market play a crucial role in determining translator incomes. Factors such as globalization, international trade, immigration trends influence the demand for translation services.Artykuł przedstawia kompleksową analizę zarobków tłumaczy w Polsce w oparciu o jedną z największych analiz polskiego rynku tłumaczeń. Dane ilościowe z innych badań zostały przeanalizowane i porównane w celu oceny średniego poziomu dochodów, ich rozkładu i zmian w czasie. Wyniki pokazują, że społeczność tłumaczy jest bardzo zróżnicowana. Część tłumaczy zarabia dobrze, podczas gdy część uważa, że zarabia za mało. Doświadczenie, dodatkowe wykształcenie lub specjalizacja nie mają wpływu na stawki. Czynnikami, które zauważalnie wpływają na stawki są uprawnienia tłumacza przysięgłego, forma zatrudnienia oraz język przekładu. Najważniejszym wnioskiem płynącym z badania jest fakt, że poziom zarobków ma znaczący wpływ na satysfakcję z pracy, poziom stresu czy przemęczenie tłumaczy. Dynamika popytu i podaży na rynku tłumaczeń odgrywa kluczową rolę w określaniu dochodów tłumaczy. Czynniki takie jak globalizacja, handel międzynarodowy, trendy imigracyjne wpływają na popyt na usługi tłumaczeniowe
Kompetencje cyfrowe nauczycieli wczesnej edukacji
Full text linkThe article explores the digital competencies of preschool and early childhood education teachers, considered through the lens of their subjective experiences and the institutional and cultural contexts in which they work. The aim of the study is to reconstruct the meanings teachers attribute to digital technology in their professional practice, as well as the ways in which they develop or limit their competencies in this area. The research was conducted within the interpretative paradigm, using qualitative content analysis of interview transcripts. Participants represented diverse educational settings – urban and rural – and were at different stages of their teaching careers. The data analysis revealed five thematic categories: self‑constructed digital competencies, technology as a space of pedagogical tension, educational practice under systemic pressure, digital competencies as a shared process, and reflective withdrawal and pedagogical caution. The interpretation of findings draws on constructivist and reflective theories of knowledge (von Glasersfeld, Schön), the concept of communities of practice (Lave and Wenger), and analyses of school culture (Klus‑Stańska). The study highlights the complexity and relational nature of digital competencies, as well as the importance of institutional environments and collegial relationships in supporting or hindering their development.The article explores the digital competencies of preschool and early childhood education teachers, considered through the lens of their subjective experiences and the institutional and cultural contexts in which they work. The aim of the study is to reconstruct the meanings teachers attribute to digital technology in their professional practice, as well as the ways in which they develop or limit their competencies in this area. The research was conducted within the interpretative paradigm, using qualitative content analysis of interview transcripts. Participants represented diverse educational settings – urban and rural – and were at different stages of their teaching careers. The data analysis revealed five thematic categories: self‑constructed digital competencies, technology as a space of pedagogical tension, educational practice under systemic pressure, digital competencies as a shared process, and reflective withdrawal and pedagogical caution. The interpretation of findings draws on constructivist and reflective theories of knowledge (von Glasersfeld, Schön), the concept of communities of practice (Lave and Wenger), and analyses of school culture (Klus‑Stańska). The study highlights the complexity and relational nature of digital competencies, as well as the importance of institutional environments and collegial relationships in supporting or hindering their development
Alexithymia and problematic sexual behaviour: the mediation of dissociative patterns
Full text linkBackground
Sex addiction is a behavioural addiction that has received increasing scientific attention in recent years. Indeed, problematic sexual behaviours represent a growing clinical concern, often associated with significant emotional distress and interpersonal difficulties. In light of this, the present study aimed to investigate its psychological antecedents by exploring the role of alexithymia and dissociation, and by examining the effect of gender as a covariate.
Participants and procedure
A sample of 326 participants completed validated selfreport measures assessing alexithymia, dissociative experiences, and problematic sexual behaviour. Data analysis included ANOVAs, regression models, and a path analysis.
Results
The results showed that two subdimensions of alexithymia (difficulty in identifying feelings and difficulty in describing feelings) were significantly associated with higher levels of sex addiction. Moreover, the dissociation subdimension of absorption significantly mediated both relationships, while dissociative amnesia and depersonalization/derealization did not show significant mediation effects. Gender also played a role, with male participants reporting higher levels of problematic sexual behaviour.
Conclusions
These findings offer novel insight into the emotional and dissociative processes underlying sex addiction. The results emphasize the central role of absorption (a form of dissociation involving deep immersion in internal experience) as a potential emotional avoidance strategy that may sustain compulsive sexual behaviours. Understanding these mechanisms can guide future research and inform the development of targeted clinical interventions. Additionally, the relevance of gender differences suggests the importance of considering sex-specific pathways in assessment and treatment planning.Background
Sex addiction is a behavioural addiction that has received increasing scientific attention in recent years. Indeed, problematic sexual behaviours represent a growing clinical concern, often associated with significant emotional distress and interpersonal difficulties. In light of this, the present study aimed to investigate its psychological antecedents by exploring the role of alexithymia and dissociation, and by examining the effect of gender as a covariate.
Participants and procedure
A sample of 326 participants completed validated selfreport measures assessing alexithymia, dissociative experiences, and problematic sexual behaviour. Data analysis included ANOVAs, regression models, and a path analysis.
Results
The results showed that two subdimensions of alexithymia (difficulty in identifying feelings and difficulty in describing feelings) were significantly associated with higher levels of sex addiction. Moreover, the dissociation subdimension of absorption significantly mediated both relationships, while dissociative amnesia and depersonalization/derealization did not show significant mediation effects. Gender also played a role, with male participants reporting higher levels of problematic sexual behaviour.
Conclusions
These findings offer novel insight into the emotional and dissociative processes underlying sex addiction. The results emphasize the central role of absorption (a form of dissociation involving deep immersion in internal experience) as a potential emotional avoidance strategy that may sustain compulsive sexual behaviours. Understanding these mechanisms can guide future research and inform the development of targeted clinical interventions. Additionally, the relevance of gender differences suggests the importance of considering sex-specific pathways in assessment and treatment planning
Między strukturą a przypadkiem. Komunikacja w teatrze ulicznym na przykładzie Teatru Snów
Full text linkBarbara Świąder-Puchowska’s article focuses on indicating the most important elements characterizing the specificity of communication in street theatre, determining in what circumstances the message is built in performances from this trend and what constitutes and influences it. Assuming the aesthetics of theatre as a research perspective and, in context, the semiotics of theatre and performance studies, the author considers how the means used in street performances and open space shape the communication of creators/performers with the audience. At the beginning, a synthetic characteristic of street theatre and the specificity of communication in this trend of theatre are presented, in which unpredictability and chance play an extremely important role. Next, the author compares the situation of the viewer of a street and stage performance, indicating the difference in reception in the former, also in the context of its greater spontaneity and openness. The case study of the Gdańsk Theatre of Dreams serves as an example here, as it uses the widest possible range of means in its performances – from the most characteristic for street theatre performances (including stilts, flares, tall structures) to those more subtle and demanding from the perspective of reception (including linear narration, precise movement and facial expressions). The author comes to the conclusion, among other things, that the Theatre of Dreams reverses the typical communication strategies of street theatre, focusing the viewer’s attention through silence, which is a counterpoint to the chaos and noise of the street.W artykule skupiono się na analizie najważniejszych elementów charakteryzujących specyfikę komunikacji w teatrze ulicznym, ustaleniu, w jakich okolicznościach budowany jest komunikat w spektaklach z tego nurtu oraz co się na niego składa i na niego wpływa. Przyjmując jako perspektywę badawczą estetykę teatru oraz kontekstowo semiotykę teatru i performatykę, autorka rozważa, jak środki stosowane w widowiskach ulicznych oraz przestrzeń otwarta kształtują komunikację twórców/performerów z publicznością. W artykule przedstawiono syntetyczną charakterystykę teatru ulicznego oraz specyfikę komunikacji w tym nurcie teatru, w której niezwykle istotną rolę odgrywają między innymi nieprzewidywalność i przypadek. Autorka porównuje sytuację widza spektaklu ulicznego i scenicznego, wskazując odmienność odbioru w tym pierwszym, także w kontekście jego większej spontaniczności i otwartości. Jako egzemplifikacja służy tu studium przypadku gdańskiego Teatru Snów, który w swoich spektaklach wykorzystuje możliwie szeroką gamę środków – począwszy od najbardziej charakterystycznych dla realizacji teatru ulicznego (m.in. szczudła, race, wysokie konstrukcje), po te bardziej subtelne i wymagające z perspektywy odbioru (m.in. linearna narracja, precyzyjny ruch i mimika). Autorka dochodzi między innymi do wniosku, że Teatr Snów w dużej mierze odwraca typowe strategie komunikacyjne teatru ulicznego, skupiając uwagę widza między innymi poprzez zastosowanie metafor i wyciszenia, stanowiących kontrapunkt wobec chaosu i hałasu ulicy
Evaluation of three common methods of bulk lipid quantification in soft tissues of marine benthic invertebrates
Full text linkDifferent analytical methods are used in biochemical laboratories to quantify lipid content in marine organisms, but the comparative utility of these protocols has not been assessed yet. This study evaluated three common methods of bulk lipid determination in the soft tissues of macrobenthic invertebrates in terms of their yield and labour intensity: the gravimetric method and two colourimetric methods of Marsh and Weinstein (1966) and Frings and Dunn (1970). Lipids were first extracted from three macrofaunal species, which were sampled in the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic Sea): mussel Mytilus trossulus, shrimp Crangon crangon and polychaete Hediste diversicolor, using the Bligh and Dyer extraction technique (Bligh & Dyer, 1959). All tested methods proved accurate, precise and reproducible but differed in validation parameters and workload. The Marsh and Weinstein method provided an analytical procedure of the highest precision and recovery, the lowest limit of detection; however, it was laborious. The gravimetric method was the least labour-intensive but had the poorest validation parameters. The Frings and Dunn method produced more reliable results than the gravimetric method, but was the most time-consuming.Different analytical methods are used in biochemical laboratories to quantify lipid content in marine organisms, but the comparative utility of these protocols has not been assessed yet. This study evaluated three common methods of bulk lipid determination in the soft tissues of macrobenthic invertebrates in terms of their yield and labour intensity: the gravimetric method and two colourimetric methods of Marsh and Weinstein (1966) and Frings and Dunn (1970). Lipids were first extracted from three macrofaunal species, which were sampled in the coastal zone of the Gulf of Gdańsk (southern Baltic Sea): mussel Mytilus trossulus, shrimp Crangon crangon and polychaete Hediste diversicolor, using the Bligh and Dyer extraction technique (Bligh & Dyer, 1959). All tested methods proved accurate, precise and reproducible but differed in validation parameters and workload. The Marsh and Weinstein method provided an analytical procedure of the highest precision and recovery, the lowest limit of detection; however, it was laborious. The gravimetric method was the least labour-intensive but had the poorest validation parameters. The Frings and Dunn method produced more reliable results than the gravimetric method, but was the most time-consuming
First evidence of otolith abnormalities in Belone belone from the Sea of Marmara: An integrative approach to morphological deformities with light and scanning electron microscopy
Full text linkThis study is the first of its kind, providing detailed evidence of otolith abnormalities in Belone belone in the Darıca coast of the Sea of Marmara (Türkiye), using an integrative approach that combines light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Structural anomalies in otoliths were detected across both sexes, and 4% of B. belone individuals analyzed were found to suffer from abnormal otoliths. In contrast, distinct differences were detected between normal and abnormal otoliths. Although there were some differences between morphometric parameters, a statistically significant difference was determined only in terms of otolith perimeter. SEM and light microscopy revealed that morphological differences, especially on the lateral otolith surfaces, were key to distinguishing normal and abnormal otoliths. Normal otoliths exhibited typical anatomical features such as aragonite crystal structure, elliptic-lanceolate shape, short-wide rostrum, and generally indistinct antirostrum. In contrast, abnormal otoliths exhibited a high degree of shape variability, with irregular surface protrusions, pits, and disorders in the crystal structure resulting from calcium carbonate polymorphism. The wide range of morphological anomalies observed in B. belone across sizes and sexes suggests a potential link to environmental stressors, such as mucilage and pollution, as well as genetically driven developmental disorders.This study is the first of its kind, providing detailed evidence of otolith abnormalities in Belone belone in the Darıca coast of the Sea of Marmara (Türkiye), using an integrative approach that combines light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Structural anomalies in otoliths were detected across both sexes, and 4% of B. belone individuals analyzed were found to suffer from abnormal otoliths. In contrast, distinct differences were detected between normal and abnormal otoliths. Although there were some differences between morphometric parameters, a statistically significant difference was determined only in terms of otolith perimeter. SEM and light microscopy revealed that morphological differences, especially on the lateral otolith surfaces, were key to distinguishing normal and abnormal otoliths. Normal otoliths exhibited typical anatomical features such as aragonite crystal structure, elliptic-lanceolate shape, short-wide rostrum, and generally indistinct antirostrum. In contrast, abnormal otoliths exhibited a high degree of shape variability, with irregular surface protrusions, pits, and disorders in the crystal structure resulting from calcium carbonate polymorphism. The wide range of morphological anomalies observed in B. belone across sizes and sexes suggests a potential link to environmental stressors, such as mucilage and pollution, as well as genetically driven developmental disorders
Poezja i doświadczenie estetyczne u Ralpha Waldo Emersona
Full text linkThis paper explores the intricate relationship between beauty and aesthetic experience in poetry, centring on R.W. Emerson’s The Rhodora. It argues that poetry is an act of metamorphosis, through which the poet returns to and becomes part of Nature, a dynamic process of becoming, a dramatization of the soul that animates it. The poet, attuned to this movement, places themselves within Nature’s stream of wisdom and power, allowing beauty to emerge through poetic expression. Therefore, poetry is not merely composed and read; it is recited, sung, and proclaimed as a reaffirmation of life itself. The poet’s task is to bridge the sensual and the ineffable, expressing the infinite through symbols. Poetry combats intellect’s tendency toward abstraction, restoring the unity of experience by revealing that every end in Nature is a new beginning. In this way, poetry, like Nature, enlivens the intellect and unveils truth. It neither detaches nor aggregates but instead operates with a vigilant integrity, mirroring the wholeness of Nature itself. Ultimately, poetry speaks of beauty, awakening the mind through its transformative power. W niniejszym artykule analizuję złożoną relację między pięknem a doświadczeniem estetycznym w poezji, skupiając się na utworze R. W. Emersona The Rhodora. Twierdzę, że poezja jest aktem metamorfozy, poprzez który poeta powraca do natury i staje się jej częścią, dynamicznym procesem stawania się, dramatyzacją duszy, która ją ożywia. Poeta, dostrojony do tego ruchu, umieszcza się w strumieniu mądrości i mocy natury, pozwalając pięknu wyłonić się poprzez poetycką ekspresję. Dlatego poezja nie jest tylko tworzona i czytana; jest recytowana, śpiewana i głoszona jako potwierdzenie samego życia. Zadaniem poety jest połączenie zmysłowości i tego, co nieuchwytne, wyrażając nieskończoność poprzez symbole. Poezja przeciwdziała tendencji intelektu do abstrakcji, przywracając jedność doświadczenia poprzez ujawnienie, że każdy koniec w Naturze jest nowym początkiem. W ten sposób poezja, podobnie jak natura, ożywia intelekt i odkrywa prawdę. Nie oddziela się ani nie agreguje, ale działa z czujną integralnością, odzwierciedlając całość samej natury. Ostatecznie poezja mówi o pięknie, budząc umysł poprzez swoją transformacyjną moc.