Poli[Papers] (Universitat Politècnica de València)
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Del parque infantil al paisaje cultural. Una visión humanista del entorno
Get PDFConceptes com “jardí històric” i “paisatge cultural” han evolucionat paral·lelament des d’una visió purament estètica i monumental fins a una comprensió holística que reconeix les interaccions simbòliques, emocionals i materials entre els éssers humans i el seu entorn. Però, entre les dues concepcions patrimonials, els parcs infantils emergixen com a infraestructures estratègiques en els processos de rehabilitació urbana, funcionant no sols com a espais recreatius sinó també com a ferramentes educatives que fomenten la presa de consciència primerenca del paisatge —des de l’entorn o l’ambient— conjugant els components de la perspectiva, la materialitat, el buit i la seqüència espacial, com un bé compartit i cultural. Este article proposa una reinterpretació humanista i multisensorial del parc infantil, on el disseny urbà, les teories del desenvolupament i del patrimoni confluen per a enfatitzar el seu potencial transformador en la configuració d’una consciència ciutadana espacial, en què la memòria col·lectiva resulta reforçada.Concepts such as “historic garden” and “cultural landscape” have evolved in parallel from a purely aesthetic and monumental vision to a holistic understanding that recognizes the symbolic, emotional, and material interactions between human beings and their environment. But, between both heritage conceptions, playgrounds emerge as strategic infrastructures in urban rehabilitation processes, functioning not only as recreational spaces but also as educational tools that promote early awareness of the landscape – from the environment or the environment – combining the components of perspective, materiality, emptiness and spatial sequence. as a shared and cultural good. This article proposes a humanistic and multisensory reinterpretation of the playground, where urban design, development theories and heritage converge to emphasize its transformative potential in the configuration of a spatial citizen consciousness, where collective memory is reinforced.Conceptos como “jardín histórico” y “paisaje cultural”, han evolucionado paralelamente desde una visión puramente estética y monumental a una comprensión holística que reconoce las interacciones simbólicas, emocionales y materiales entre los seres humanos y su entorno. Pero, entre ambas concepciones patrimoniales, los parques infantiles emergen como infraestructuras estratégicas en los procesos de rehabilitación urbana, funcionando no sólo como espacios recreativos sino también como herramientas educativas que fomentan la toma de conciencia temprana del paisaje -desde el entorno o el ambiente- conjugando los componentes de la perspectiva, la materialidad, el vacío y la secuencia espacial, como un bien compartido y cultural. Este artículo propone una reinterpretación humanista y multisensorial del parque infantil, donde el diseño urbano, las teorías del desarrollo y del patrimonio convergen para enfatizar su potencial transformador en la configuración de una conciencia ciudadana espacial, en donde la memoria colectiva resulta reforzada
Experiences and Attitudes of In-service STEM Teachers Towards the English Language Course in Ukraine
Get PDFThis study explores the experiences and attitudes of in-service STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) teachers in Ukraine (N=42) who participated in an English language course designed to enhance their proficiency and incorporation of English into their teaching practice. Given Ukraine’s ongoing efforts toward European integration, the study highlights the role of English language skills in their professional development and access to global knowledge in the STEM fields. Using a mixed-methods research design, we collected quantitative and qualitative data through Google Forms and interviews conducted online with in-service, secondary school STEM teachers from different regions of Ukraine. The findings illustrate the positive impact of an English language course on increased confidence in English communication and STEM teaching. STEM teachers demonstrated a high level of satisfaction at the end of the English language course, mentioning the expertise of the instructors, supportive peers, and tangible improvements in mastering English. Participants attributed their improvements to the course’s learning resources, online delivery, interactive learning approach, and formative assessments. Despite the challenge of wartime disruptions and frequent power outages, participants demonstrated resilience and a deep commitment to learning. Most respondents expressed readiness for continued self-study and a desire to continue learning English. The research offers practical implications for policymaking, curriculum design, and professional development for educators
Gen-AI Tools in Academia: A Cluster Analysis of University Faculty Adoption
Get PDFGenerative artificial intelligence (Gen-AI) has arrived to revolutionize many human activities, including teaching and learning processes. Teachers in higher education can and should ethically, legally, and accurately incorporate this new technology into their teaching, especially since the younger generation of students has integrated it into their daily lives practically since the launch of ChatGPT and uses it as a new learning medium. In this context, this research aims to analyse the short-term penetration potential of Gen-AI in the teaching activities of Spanish university teachers, identifying segments of teachers with different beliefs and attitudes towards this technology.
Specifically, three segments have been identified. The largest segment consists of teachers who are still undecided about the application of Gen-AI in their teaching activities, as they are not yet clear about its practical utility and do not have confidence in its accuracy and quality. At one end of these undecided teachers is another group classified as sceptics, who do not use these tools due to a very low perceived utility, although they have a high perception of ease of use and do not perceive high risks from their use. On the opposite end are the explorer teachers who are pioneers in its use, trusting both the utility and the current accuracy and quality of the results generated by these tools. If university administrators want to promote the use of artificial intelligence among their academics, they will need to design different strategies and actions for each segment.Generative artificial intelligence (Gen-AI) has arrived to revolutionize many human activities, including teaching and learning processes. Teachers in higher education can and should ethically, legally, and accurately incorporate this new technology into their teaching, especially since the younger generation of students has integrated it into their daily lives practically since the launch of ChatGPT and uses it as a new learning medium. In this context, this research aims to analyse the short-term penetration potential of Gen-AI in the teaching activities of Spanish university teachers, identifying segments of teachers with different beliefs and attitudes towards this technology.
Specifically, three segments have been identified. The largest segment consists of teachers who are still undecided about the application of Gen-AI in their teaching activities, as they are not yet clear about its practical utility and do not have confidence in its accuracy and quality. At one end of these undecided teachers is another group classified as sceptics, who do not use these tools due to a very low perceived utility, although they have a high perception of ease of use and do not perceive high risks from their use. On the opposite end are the explorer teachers who are pioneers in its use, trusting both the utility and the current accuracy and quality of the results generated by these tools. If university administrators want to promote the use of artificial intelligence among their academics, they will need to design different strategies and actions for each segment
Las idea-seeds y el arquetipo Headmaster’s House en A&P Smithson
Get PDFIn the work of A&P Smithson, there is always an imaginative impulse, one with enough freedom and strength to propose forms that break away from preconceived or deterministic ideas, yet informed by influences that, interconnected in an open and fluid manner, they called idea-seeds. This concept not only speaks to their inventive capacity but also defines a working method, as these idea-seeds ultimately crystallize into group-forms: configurations that can evolve, refine themselves, and serve as foundations for future projects. This paper examines the Headmaster’s House as the synthesis of multiple overlapping idea-seeds: the hall as a way of life, its form as a direct result of technical and constructive capabilities, the pursuit of greater formal legibility, and an interest in prefabrication and standardization. With the Headmaster’s House, the Smithsons conceived an archetype, one that would become the basis for their ongoing explorations, continuously generating new models.En la obra de los Smithsons se reconoce siempre un impulso imaginativo cuya búsqueda tiene la suficiente libertad y fuerza como para proponer formas alejadas de ideas preconcebidas o deterministas. Unos intereses interconectados libremente y que ellos denominaron idea-seeds. Las idea-seeds remiten no solo a la capacidad inventiva sino también a una metodología de trabajo, ya que gracias a ellas cristalizarán en las formas-grupo, las cuales serán capaces de transformarse, perfeccionarse o servir de base para futuras propuestas. En esta investigación se analiza la propuesta Headmaster’s House, como cristalización y síntesis de diversos intereses o idea-seeds: el hall como forma de vida, su forma como resultado de la capacidad técnica y constructiva, la búsqueda de una mayor legibilidad formal o el interés por la prefabricación y la estandarización. Con la Headmaster’s House los Smithson concibieron un arquetipo a partir del cual trabajaron proponiendo otros modelos
Espacio intermedio y arquitectura del encuentro en la vivienda cooperativa en Uruguay
Get PDFThis article examines the intermediate space as a support for collective life in housing cooperatives built in Montevideo during the 1970s. It studies how spatial operations: active thresholds, habitable pathways, and shared uses; configure an architecture of encounter between the private and the common. Drawing on a genealogy that connects courtyard houses, tenements, and modern housing, three cases from the Uruguayan cooperative system (VICMAN, AFAF 3, and CUTCSA I) are analyzed through a methodology that combines morphological study, on-site observation, and comparative diagrams. These diagrams help identify patterns and establish links between diverse design strategies. The intermediate space is not conceived as a functional leftover, but as a social infrastructure that sustains communal life. The research also incorporates the category of edge, understood as an interface between housing complex and city, crucial for assessing urban porosity. As a disciplinary contribution, the paper argues that cooperative housing, in its spatial and participatory dimensions, offers valid lessons for rethinking collective dwelling. In a present marked by social fragmentation, urban loneliness, and housing crisis, these experiences do not provide replicable models but sensitive principles for designing proximity, relationships, and shared care. Este artículo analiza el espacio intermedio como soporte de la vida colectiva en cooperativas de vivienda construidas en Montevideo durante los años setenta. Se estudia cómo operaciones espaciales: umbrales activos, recorridos habitables y usos compartidos; configuran una arquitectura del encuentro entre lo privado y lo común. Desde una genealogía que vincula casas patio, conventillos y vivienda moderna, se revisan tres casos del sistema cooperativo uruguayo (VICMAN, AFAF 3 y CUTCSA 1) mediante una metodología que combina análisis morfológico, observación in situ y esquemas comparativos. Estos permiten reconocer patrones y establecer vínculos entre estrategias diversas. El espacio intermedio no se concibe como residuo funcional, sino como infraestructura social que sostiene la vida en común. La investigación incorpora además la categoría de borde, entendida como interfaz entre conjunto y ciudad, clave para evaluar la porosidad urbana. Como aporte disciplinar, se plantea que la arquitectura cooperativa, en su doble dimensión espacial y participativa, ofrece lecciones vigentes para repensar el habitar colectivo. En un presente marcado por la fragmentación social, soledad urbana y crisis habitacional, estas experiencias no constituyen modelos replicables, sino principios sensibles para proyectar proximidad, vínculos y cuidados compartidos
Infraestructura verde y azul como herramienta para la promoción de la salud
Get PDFThe contribution of the benefits of green and blue infrastructures from ecosystem services is one of the great contributions from the European Union that have already permeated into Spanish legislation with the National Strategy on Green Infrastructure and Ecological Connectivity and Restoration. This research addresses a new approach, focused on the well-being and quality of life of people, answering the question: can the interconnected network of green and blue spaces mitigate or adapt to climate change and promote health? To do this, the methodology proposed by the “Guía para planificar ciudades saludables [Guide to Planning Healthy Cities]”1 is followed and its three strategic lines - cities for walking, increase of green areas, Nature-based solutions (NbS) and spaces for intergenerational coexistence are combined with the components of the green infrastructure: nodes, corridors and buffer areas. The results provide indicators that meet these two premises and that will serve to diagnose the territories and propose Health Action Plans from the concept of green infrastructure of the Spanish National Strategy and Climate Emergency. The indicators will help to consolidate the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 3, Health and Welfare, 11 More Sustainable Communities, 13 Preventive Actions for Climate Change and 15 Biodiversity.La aportación de beneficios de las infraestructuras verdes y azules desde los servicios ecosistémicos es una de las grandes contribuciones que, desde la Unión Europea, ha permeado ya en la legislación española con la Estrategia Nacional de Infraestructura Verde y de la Conectividad y Restauración Ecológicas. Esta investigación aborda un nuevo enfoque, centrado en el bienestar y la calidad de vida de las personas, respondiendo a la pregunta: ¿puede la red interconectada de espacios verdes y azules, mitigar o adaptarse al cambio climático y promover la salud? Para ello se sigue la metodología que propone la Guía para planificar ciudades saludables 1y se cruzan sus tres líneas estratégicas (ciudades para caminar, incremento de zonas verdes y SbN y espacios de convivencia intergeneracional), con los componentes de la infraestructura verde: nodos, corredores y áreas de amortiguación. Los resultados aportan indicadores que cumplen estas dos premisas y que servirán para diagnosticar los territorios y proponer Planes de Acción en Salud desde el concepto de infraestructura verde de la Estrategia Nacional y la Emergencia Climática. Los indicadores ayudarán a concretar los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) 3, Salud y Bienestar, 11 Comunidades más sostenibles, 13 Acciones preventivas para el cambio climático y 15 Biodiversidad
Content Adaptation for Language Learning: A Hybrid AI Approach
Get PDFIn learning a foreign language, access to comprehensible input is a critical success factor. However, at early stages, when learners are still below an intermediate-proficiency level, finding level-appropriate and engaging materials is highly problematic. Although the Internet abounds in text and multimedia materials in many languages, most of them are too difficult to be useful for lower-proficiency language learners. The present project aimed to establish whether the affordances of large language models (LLMs) can be harnessed to turn authentic audio, video, and text materials into comprehensible input for independent elementary-level language learners. The present article reports on the outcomes of a research and development project that adopts a hybrid approach to simplifying authentic materials, combining affordances of LLMs with careful prompt engineering and rule-based refinement. The article details the hybrid sequential pipeline system and the results of two rounds of evaluation: language teacher ratings and automated text analysis indices. Based on the outcome of these evaluations, it is concluded that the proposed approach can provide an efficient way of simplifying authentic content for and by lower-proficiency language learners. Directions for future research and development are also proposed
2024. Casa Ayarza / Casa Rosada, Puerto Escondido, Oaxaca, México
No full textThe project, located on the coast of Oaxaca, develops on a site with a steep topography, which represented a challenge and opportunity at the time of design. A structural wall serves as a backbone, containing and organizing the architectural program. This wall divides the spaces into two independent volumes, the first is a large open palapa that houses the public spaces of the house, including a pool overhanging the treetops, offering views of the sea and taking advantage of the first floor for service spaces and parking. The second more solid volume contains the bedrooms and private spaces, oriented to maximize views and create a terrace on the upper level.El proyecto, ubicado en la costa de Oaxaca, se encuentra en un terreno con una topografía pronunciada lo que representó un desafío y oportunidad al momento de diseñar. Un muro estructural funciona como respaldo, conteniendo y organizando el programa arquitectónico. Este muro divide los espacios en dos volúmenes independientes, el primero es una gran palapa abierta que alberga los espacios públicos de la casa, incluyendo una alberca volada sobre la copa de los árboles, ofreciendo vistas hacia el mar y aprovechando la planta baja para espacios de servicio y estacionamiento. El segundo volumen, más sólido, contiene los cuartos y espacios privados, orientándose para maximizar las vistas y crear una terraza en la zona superior
En proceso. Museo Cultura Maya, Xpujil, Campeche, México
No full textOfficially named the Museum of Mixed Heritage and Mayan Culture, this museum in the small town of Xpujil focuses on Mayan culture and the biodiversity of the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, one of the world's largest ecosystems and Mexico's largest protected jungle. From the initial stages of conception and planning of the project, complete reforestation of the site was established as a priority. Currently, the site lacks vegetation, and one of our main goals is to transform it into a green space that forms an integral part of the narrative and museography of the place. In keeping with the themes to be exhibited in the museum, we propose to reforest with native, endemic, and productive trees from the region. These trees will not only be living witnesses to the history and biodiversity of the area, but will also play a crucial role in creating a natural and educational environment for visitors.Oficialmente nombrado el Museo del Patrimonio Mixto y de Cultura Maya, este museo en la pequeña localidad de Xpujil se enfoca en la cultura Maya y la biodiversidad de la Reserva de la Biosfera de Calakmul, uno de los ecosistemas más extensos del mundo y la selva protegida más grande de México. Desde las etapas iniciales de concepción y planeación del proyecto, se estableció como primordial la completa reforestación del predio. Actualmente, el sitio carece de vegetación, y uno de nuestros principales ideales es transformarlo en un espacio verde que sea forma parte integral de la narrativa y la museografía del lugar. En consonancia con los temas a exhibir en el museo, nos proponemos reforestar con árboles nativos, endémicos y productivos de la región. Estos árboles no solo serán testigos vivos de la historia y la biodiversidad de la zona, sino que también desempeñarán un papel crucial en la creación de un entorno natural y educativo para los visitantes
El grado cero de la arquitectura. Las barracas de piedra en seco del Maestrazgo y los Puertos de Morella
Get PDFDry stone constructions currently enjoy widespread social recognition for their ethnological and landscape value. The technique has been recognized as part of humanity’s heritage. However, the same cannot be said for vaulted shelters or huts built using this technique when viewed from a construction or structural perspective. They are quickly and disparagingly labeled “false domes” or “false vaults,” lumping them all together and disregarding or ignoring their authentic and diverse mechanical behavior. Often, they are stone domes built without centering, mortar, or tools. In other cases, they are structures built with cantilevered slabs or counterweights, which are no less interesting and require explanations for their equilibrium. All these constructions are, in reality, the fruit of the creativity and experimentation of many generations over thousands of years. Although rustic in appearance, they are micro-architectures that teach us about construction. The current possibility of modeling these structures using 3D laser scanner opens a new field of study.Las construcciones de piedra en seco gozan actualmente de un amplio reconocimiento social por sus valores etnológicos y paisajísticos. Su técnica ha sido reconocida como patrimonio de la humanidad. Pero no sucede lo mismo con los refugios abovedados o barracas realizados con esta técnica cuando se miran desde el punto de vista constructivo o estructural. Rápidamente se califican despectivamente como «falsas cúpulas» o «falsas bóvedas», reuniéndolas todas en un mismo tipo y despreciando o ignorando su auténtico y diverso comportamiento mecánico. Muchas veces son cúpulas de piedra construidas sin cimbra, sin mortero y casi sin instrumentos. En otras ocasiones, son estructuras dispuestas con losas en voladizo, o con contrapesos, que no son menos interesantes y en las que necesitan ser explicadas las razones de su equilibrio. Todas estas construcciones, en realidad, son el fruto de la creatividad y de la experimentación de muchas generaciones durante miles de años. Aunque de rústica apariencia, son microarquitecturas que enseñan construcción. La actual posibilidad de la modelización de estas estructuras mediante escáner láser 3D abre un nuevo campo de estudio