Poli[Papers] (Universitat Politècnica de València)
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Non-metrizable manifolds and contractibility
Full text linkWe investigate whether non-metrizable manifolds in various classes can be homotopy equivalent to a CW-complex (in short: heCWc),and in particular contractible. We show that a non-metrizable manifold cannot be heCWc if it has one of the following properties: it contains a countably compact non-compact subspace; it contains a copy of an ω1-compact subspace of an ω1-tree; it contains a non-Lindelöf closed subspace functionally narrow in it. (These results hold for more general spaces than just manifolds.) We also show that the positive part of the tangent bundle of the longray is never heCWc for any smoothing. These theorems follow from stabilization properties of real valued maps. On a more geometric side, we also show that the Prüfer surface, which has been shown to be contractible long ago, has an open submanifold with trivial homotopy groups which is not heCWc. On the other end of the spectrum, we show that there is a non-metrizable contractible Type I surface.
Comparación de los edificios de principios del siglo XX en Castellón de la Plana y Harbin, y su influencia del Barroco
Full text linkDespite their geographical distance and cultural differences, Baroque-influenced architecture and early 20th-century European-style buildings are represented in the cities of Castellón de la Plana (Spain) and Harbin (China). Some of these buildings share striking similarities. The study of the factors that have influenced Baroque-style architecture in China and in the province of Castellón, Spain —including historical, geographical, cultural, religious, and social factors— has helped clarify and discern the influence of Baroque style on the 20th-century architecture in Harbin and Castellón de la Plana. Additionally, the architectural styles that emerged in both cities at the beginning of the last century, often referred to as “Neo” (new), have also been studied.A pesar de su distancia geográfica y sus diferencias culturales, la arquitectura de influencia barroca y los edificios de estilo europeo de principios siglo xx están representados en las ciudades de Castellón de la Plana (España) y Harbin (China). Algunos de estos edificios tienen sorprendentes similitudes entre sí. El estudio de los factores que han influido en la arquitectura de estilo Barroco en, China y en la provincia de Castellón, España, incluyendo factores históricos, geográficos, culturales, religiosos y sociales ha ayudado a esclarecer y discernir la influencia del estilo barroco en la arquitectura del siglo xxestudiada en las ciudades de Harbin y Castellón de la Plana. Además, se han estudiado los estilos arquitectónicos de ambas ciudades surgidos a principios del siglo pasado, muchas veces llamados “Neo” (nuevo)
The Horeca Supply Chain: An analysis of the Food and Loss Waste Management literature characteristics
Full text linkIn this paper, a literature review about Food and Loss Waste Management in Horeca Supply Chain is developed. Some trends and characteristics of that research line are presented. Three research questions are proposed: 1) What journals and authors have published papers Food and Loss Waste Management in Horeca Supply Chain? 2) Which are the methodological characteristics of the papers on Food and Loss Waste Management in Horeca Supply Chain?and 3) What knowledge areas have been analysed? A descriptive analysis is made to identify the relevant journals and authors and the methodological characteristics (type of study, analytical techniques and sources of information). Finally, knowledge areas and the-ories are described. The general literature on supply chain in hospitality about food and loss waste is quite extensive and interdisciplinary. However, specifically on Horeca sector, it is rather scarce. The results confirm the need for further literature on the Horeca sector and its Supply Chain, due to its implications for food waste. The interest is mainly due to the large social and practical implications that can be derived in the extension of the research, moving towards the implementation of sustainable practices involving the reduction of food waste and loss
El trabajo con sentido y el florecimiento humano de los docentes: claves para la calidad en el proceso educativo
Full text linkThe quality of the educational process is closely tied to teacher performance. In this context, as teachers find meaning in their work and experience human flourishing in their own lives, the quality of their teaching improves. This article explores the relationship between meaningful work and human flourishing among teachers in the Valencian Community (Spain). Specifically, four perceived meanings of work are examined: job, career, calling, and higher calling. Human flourishing is defined through domains such as happiness and life satisfaction, mental and physical health, meaning and purpose, character and virtue, and close social relationships. An analysis of 227 questionnaire responses indicates that teachers who view their work as a calling or a higher calling experience greater flourishing, whereas those who perceive their work merely as a job face greater challenges in achieving it. These findings suggest the need for institutional policies that foster meaningful work among teaching staff, thereby enhancing the overall quality of the educational process.The quality of the educational process is closely tied to teacher performance. In this context, as teachers find meaning in their work and experience human flourishing in their own lives, the quality of their teaching improves. This article explores the relationship between meaningful work and human flourishing among teachers in the Valencian Community (Spain). Specifically, four perceived meanings of work are examined: job, career, calling, and higher calling. Human flourishing is defined through domains such as happiness and life satisfaction, mental and physical health, meaning and purpose, character and virtue, and close social relationships. An analysis of 227 questionnaire responses indicates that teachers who view their work as a calling or a higher calling experience greater flourishing, whereas those who perceive their work merely as a job face greater challenges in achieving it. These findings suggest the need for institutional policies that foster meaningful work among teaching staff, thereby enhancing the overall quality of the educational process
Estudio volumétrico de las canteras romanas de Rodadero de los Lobos – cortijo Piquín (sierra de Córdoba) mediante UAV LiDAR
Full text linkThis article focuses on the analysis of the stone extraction process at the Rodadero de los Lobos quarries (Piquín Farmhouse-Córdoba) using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data. A LiDAR system was mounted on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to survey these quarries, collecting previously unpublished data from the terrain’s surface. The dense vegetation and steep topography of the area had made it difficult to conduct traditional surface surveys until now. The primary objective of this study is to assess the extent of the exploitation of these natural resources, which have been in use since ancient times. The new data reveals that Piquín Farmhouse is the largest stone supply source in the Córdoba highlands.
Research on ancient quarry exploitation in the highlands of Córdoba has been minimal due to the challenging geography of the region. This contrasts sharply with provinces such as Seville, Málaga, and Huelva, where extensive studies have been conducted due to better accessibility. The lack of prior research in Córdoba highlights the significance of this study, especially considering the scarcity of similar archaeological investigations in the region. The findings of this work contribute to the broader understanding of ancient quarrying practices in the Iberian Peninsula.
This study builds on previous research concerning the stone material used in the ancient city of Corduba and its surrounding administrative region, ‘conventus cordobensis,’ as well as studies on Roman quarries in the province of Baetica. The quarry fronts identified through the LiDAR surveys are relatively small, which aligns with the size of ancient quarries—Roman quarries, in general, were not large-scale operations. However, some of these quarry fronts may have been expanded and altered during the medieval period, erasing the Roman features and potentially distorting the original site of stone extraction for Córdoba’s famed building materials.
Aerial LiDAR technology offers a high point density per square meter, which, coupled with its multi-return feature and semi-automatic classification of the point cloud, proved invaluable in addressing the challenges posed by the rugged terrain. The high-density data, along with the efficiency and speed of the acquisition and processing, provided detailed and accurate information. These data were processed using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), enabling the extraction of relevant information while filtering out unnecessary data. This process allowed the generation of both basic and derived geospatial products, providing a comprehensive visual representation of the study area. By analysing the data, researchers were able to store, visualise, and analyse large geographical areas, generating valuable insights and reducing costs and time compared to traditional ground surveys.
Through these LiDAR surveys, five areas showing archaeological anomalies were identified, suggesting the presence of quarry fronts. These quarry fronts are located to the south of the Piquín Farmhouse hill, facing the city of Córdoba and the ancient roads that likely connected the region with other parts of the Iberian Peninsula. The data analysis allowed for an approximate estimation of the volume of materials extracted from these quarries, providing a better understanding of the scope of ancient quarrying activities. The findings confirmed that Rodadero de los Lobos is one of the largest stone sources in the mountainous region of Córdoba.
One of the key conclusions of this study is that LiDAR technology has proven to be an invaluable tool in identifying ancient quarries, especially in areas where the terrain’s inaccessibility makes traditional field surveys difficult. While the technology generates a vast amount of data, it cannot entirely replace on-site archaeological surveys. Instead, the two methods complement each other, offering a solid foundation for understanding ancient quarrying practices. LiDAR can aid in the planning and prioritisation of archaeological fieldwork, guiding researchers to the most promising areas for in-depth investigation.Highlights:
La tecnología UAV-LiDAR ha permitido la prospección de restosarqueológicos en zonas serranas abruptas,así como la planificación deprospecciones futuras.
La prospección teledetectiva ha añadido datos cuantitativos querefuerzan la importancia de las canteras del Rodadero de los Lobos enel abastecimiento de material pétreo.
Se han podido así investigar, por vez primera, las técnicas deextracción minera, volumen y cauces de salida del material en laserranía de Córdoba gracias a la teledetección
Resumen:
Este artículo se centra en el análisis de los diferentes frentes de extracción de las canteras del material lapídeo conocidas con el nombre de Rodadero de los Lobos, ubicadas en la propiedad actual llamada cortijo Piquín (Córdoba, España). La técnica utilizada ha sido el sistema Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) desde Vehículo Aéreo No Tripulado (UAV). La prospección mediante el sensor LiDAR ha permitido la captura de datos de la superficie del terreno, hasta este momento inéditos, debido a lo escarpado del mismo y la frondosidad de la vegetación, que dificultan la prospección superficial. Los resultados se han estudiado en entornos digitales y se han detectado cinco zonas que presentan anomalías, y en las que es posible suponer la presencia de otros tantos frentes de cantera, así como la extensión de éstos en el terreno. El análisis de los datos nos ha permitido cuantificar de forma aproximada el volumen de materiales extraídos. La información obtenida ha facilitado conocer y precisar mejor la envergadura de la explotación de estos recursos naturales usados desde la antigüedad y demostrar que, efectivamente, estamos ante uno de los mayores recursos de abastecimiento pétreo de la Sierra de Córdoba. No obstante, y a pesar de la importancia que tuvo la explotación y el uso de las rocas ornamentales del sector de Ossa-Morena, hasta el momento había sido muy irrisoria la investigación sobre la explotación de canteras en época antigua en la Sierra de Córdoba, debido, fundamentalmente, a la inaccesibilidad orográfica. Por tanto, si se compara con Sevilla, Málaga y Huelva, provincias con amplios estudios por no existir este problema de accesibilidad, este trabajo cobra una gran importancia
Procesos de información en la reconstrucción virtual en 3D del doble arco romano de tres tramos de Musti (Túnez)
Full text linkHighlights:
The article highlights the integration of advanced modelling software, showcasing their potential in reconstructing historical monuments with high accuracy and detail.
The study uses modern techniques such as LiDAR, photogrammetry, and HBIM compared with historical documentation in digital 3D reconstruction.
Reality-based parametric modelling and virtual anastylosis were employed to verify and visualise hypotheses about the original structure of the arch.
Abstract:
The case study focuses on the virtual hypothetical 3D reconstruction of the Roman Three-bay Double Arch of Musti, Tunisia. This work, part of the AFRIPAL project, aims to enhance understanding of the Romanization and urban development of Musti between the 5th century BC and the 3rd century AD. It builds on research by Professor Naïdè Ferchiou, who provided a detailed reconstruction hypothesis based on measurements and documentation from the 1990s. Modern techniques such as LiDAR scanning, photogrammetry, Building Information Modeling (BIM), and parametric modeling were employed to visualize and verify this reconstruction. Scans of existing architectural fragments were used to create high and low-polygon models, enabling the testing of various hypotheses. The study highlights the use of tools like Reality Capture, Archicad, Rhino, and Grasshopper to reconstruct historical monuments, focusing on accuracy in modeling and detailed parametric representations. One of the main challenges was reconstructing the arch despite significant alterations due to centuries of redevelopment and later modifications. That challenge was addressed by cross-referencing historical documentation with modern scanning technologies and photogrammetry. Textured mesh and BREP modeling were incorporated with virtual anastylosis of elements to hypothesize the original structure. The study concludes by showcasing photorealistic visualizations of the reconstructed arch and discussing the potential for automating aspects of the reconstruction process using modern software. This work brings to life an ancient Roman monument and sets a workflow for future detailed virtual reconstructions of cultural architectural heritage.El estudio de caso se centra en la reconstrucción virtual hipotética en 3D del doble arco romano de tres tramos de Musti, Túnez. Este trabajo, que forma parte del proyecto AFRIPAL, tiene como objetivo mejorar la comprensión de la romanización y el desarrollo urbano de Musti entre el siglo V a.C. y el siglo III d.C. Se basa en la investigación del profesor Naïdè Ferchiou, quien proporcionó una hipótesis de reconstrucción detallada basada en mediciones y documentación de la década de los 1990. Para visualizar y verificar esta reconstrucción se emplearon técnicas modernas como el escaneo LiDAR, la fotogrametría, el ‘Building Information Modelling’ (BIM) y el modelado algorítmico. Se utilizaron escaneos de fragmentos arquitectónicos existentes para crear modelos poligonales de alta y baja resolución, lo que permitió probar varias hipótesis.El estudio destaca el uso de herramientas como Reality Capture, Archicad, Rhino y Grasshopper para reconstruir monumentos históricos, centrándose en la exactitud del modelado y la representación paramétrica detallada. Uno de los principales desafíos fue reconstruir el arco a pesar de las importantes alteraciones debidas a siglos de remodelación y modificaciones posteriores. Ese desafío se abordó mediante referencias cruzadas de la documentación histórica con las tecnologías modernas de escaneado y fotogrametría. Se incorporaron modelos texturizados y modelado de representación de límites (BREP) con anastilosis virtual de los elementos que permitían hipotetizar la estructura original. El estudio concluye mostrando visualizaciones fotorrealistas del arco reconstruido y discutiendo el potencial en la automatización de aspectos del proceso de reconstrucción utilizando software moderno. Este trabajo da vida a un antiguo monumento romano y establece un flujo de trabajo para futuras reconstrucciones virtuales detalladas del patrimonio arquitectónico cultural
Evaluación de la experiencia del usuario en el patrimonio cultural mediante simulaciones de realidad virtual
Full text linkHighlights:
The proposed analysis develops a virtual reality (VR)simulator for the Museum of India to enhance heritage preservation efforts.
The Emotion questionnaire validates the impact of virtual museum tours on emotional states, including positive, negative, and boredom, compared to traditional methods.
Immersive VR significantly enhanced user experience, and the VR-simulator system showed a more effective positive impact and reduced adverse effects compared to the non-VR group.
Abstract:
Cultural heritage currently has a significant social and economic impact on a global scale. This study evaluates user experience in cultural heritage through virtual reality (VR). While previous research has explored the use of digital technologies in museums, there needs to be a greater understanding of VR's effects on user engagement, emotional connection, and knowledge retention within heritage contexts. This study developed a VR-Simulator for the Le-Corbusier Museum, Chandigarh, India, also called VRSLM, and accessed the impact and emotions of participants using the Achievement Emotion Questionnaire (AEQ). VR-Simulator provides participants with an immersive and interactive museum experience using a Mobile-VR headset. The study includes historical analysis, 3D visualization creation, multimedia integration, Unity, VR environment development, and deployment as an IRUSU Play VR app. VRSLM framework was evaluated with 40 participants, divided into two equal groups: VR-Simulator and Non-VR. They were asked to visit the museum using VR and traditional methods. The impact of the VRSLM system was measured by applying a statistical test and comparing it with the non-VR group. The results indicated that the VR-Simulator group had more positive emotions than the non-VR group. The overall mean score of the positive emotion factors was (M=4.2 vs. M=2.6), the negative score was (M=2.0 vs. M=2.5), and the boredom emotion factor scored (M=3.1 vs. M= 2.6), of VR-simulator and non-VR-group-respectively. T-tests and factor analyses were also applied to find out the impact of VR, indicating a significant difference between the groups regarding users' emotions and engagement effects on the participants. The findings suggest that VR simulations significantly improve user engagement and create a more positive impact in immersive environment than traditional methods. These results offer valuable insights for museums, curators, and heritage sites, suggesting that VR can revolutionize heritage experiences by deepening visitor understanding.
VRSLM framework was evaluated with 40 participants, divided into two equal groups: VR-Simulator and Non-VR. They were asked to visit the museum using VR and traditional methods. The impact of the VRSLM system was measured by applying a statistical test and comparing it with the non-VR group. The results indicated that the VR-Simulator group had more positive emotions than the non-VR group. The overall mean score of the positive emotion factors was (M=4.25 vs. M=2.60), the negative score was (M=2.02 vs. M=2.57), and the boredom emotion factor scored (M=3.12 vs. M= 2.68), of VR-Simulator and non-VR-group-respectively. T-tests and factor analyses were also applied to find out the impact of VR, indicating a significant difference between the groups regarding users' emotions and engagement effects on the participants. The findings suggest that VR-Simulator significantly improve user engagement and create a more immersive learning environment than traditional methods. These results offer valuable insights for museums, curators, and heritage sites, suggesting that VR can revolutionize heritage experiences by deepening visitor understanding.El patrimonio cultural tiene actualmente un importante impacto social y económico a escala global. Este estudio evalúa la experiencia del usuario en patrimonio cultural a través de la realidad virtual (RV). Si bien investigaciones anteriores han explorado el uso de tecnologías digitales en museos, es necesario comprender mejor los efectos de la RV en la participación de los usuarios, la conexión emocional y la retención de conocimientos dentro de contextos patrimoniales. Este estudio desarrolló un simulador de RV para el Museo Le-Corbusier, Chandigarh, India, también llamado VRSLM, y accedió al impacto y las emociones de los participantes mediante el Cuestionario de emociones y logros (AEQ). VR-Simulator ofrece a los participantes una experiencia de museo inmersiva e interactiva utilizando auriculares Mobile-VR. El estudio incluye el análisis histórico, la creación de visualizaciones 3D, la integración multimedia, Unity, el desarrollo de entornos de RV, e implementación como una aplicación IRUSU Play VR. El marco VRSLM se evaluó con 40 participantes, divididos en dos grupos iguales: VR-Simulator y Non-VR.Se les pidió que visitaran el museo utilizando la RV y métodos tradicionales. El impacto del sistema VRSLM se midió aplicando una prueba estadística y comparándolo con el grupo sin VR. Los resultados indicaron que el grupo con simulador de RV tenía más emociones positivas que el grupo sin realidad virtual. La puntuación media general de los factores de emoción positiva fue (M=4,2 vs. M=2,6), la puntuación negativa fue (M=2,0 vs. M=2,5) y la puntuación del factor de emoción aburrimiento (M=3,1 vs. M= 2.6), de RV-Simulator y grupo sin RV, respectivamente. También se aplicaron pruebas T y análisis factoriales para descubrir el impacto de la RV, lo que indica una diferencia significativa entre los grupos con respecto a las emociones de los usuarios y los efectos de la participación en los participantes. Los hallazgos sugieren que las simulaciones de RV-Simulator mejoran significativamente la participación del usuario y crean un impacto más positivo en un entorno inmersivo que los métodos tradicionales. Estos resultados ofrecen información valiosa para museos, responsables y sitios patrimoniales, lo que sugiere que la RV puede revolucionar las experiencias patrimoniales al profundizar la comprensión de los visitantes
Reconstrucción digital del proyecto de Barros Lima destinado al Santuario de São Torcato, 1825
Full text linkThis study reconstructs the unfinished architectural project of the São Torcato Sanctuary, designed by Luís Inácio Barros Lima in 1825, using modern digital visualisation techniques. The objective is to create a three-dimensional (3D) model that accurately represents the sanctuary’s interiors, facilitating broader public engagement with this historical structure. Employing a systematic methodology, we analysed historical documentation and employed photogrammetry and parametric modelling through Rhinoceros (Rhino) software to reconstruct key architectural elements. We established a metric identification system based on regional measurement units, enabling a cohesive modelling process despite challenges posed by distorted and incomplete source material. The modelling process was organised into Levels of Development (LOD), allowing for a hierarchical approach from basic geometries to intricate features. We utilised Grasshopper for the efficient generation of various openings and detailed cornices, while photogrammetry facilitated the accurate modelling of existing capitals and the baldachin. A critical component of this reconstruction involved quantifying uncertainty within the model, utilising a false colour scheme to represent varying levels of confidence in the accuracy of different elements based on source availability. The average uncertainty score of the model was determined to be 40%, highlighting the speculative nature of some components due to incomplete documentation. This digital reconstruction contributes significantly to the architectural narrative of the São Torcato Sanctuary and serves as a resource for future research and public education. Despite inherent uncertainties, the model provides valuable insights into an architectural vision that remains unrealised, underscoring the importance of digital methods in the preservation and interpretation of architectural heritage.Este estudio reconstruye el proyecto arquitectónico inacabado del Santuario de São Torcato, diseñado por Luís Inácio Barros Lima en 1825, utilizando técnicas de visualización digital modernas. El objetivo es crear un modelo tridimensional (3D) que represente con precisión los interiores del santuario, facilitando un mayor compromiso del público con esta estructura histórica. Empleando una metodología sistemática, analizamos la documentación histórica y utilizamos fotogrametría y modelado paramétrico a través del software Rhinoceros (Rhino) para reconstruir elementos arquitectónicos clave. Establecimos un sistema de identificación métrica basado en unidades de medida regionales, lo que permitió un proceso de modelado cohesivo, a pesar de los desafíos presentados por el material fuente distorsionado e incompleto. El proceso de modelado se organizó en Niveles de Desarrollo (LOD), lo que permitió un enfoque jerárquico, desde geometrías básicas hasta características intrincadas. Utilizamos Grasshopper para la generación eficiente de diversas aberturas y cornisas detalladas, mientras que la fotogrametría facilitó el modelado preciso de capiteles existentes y del baldaquino. Un componente crítico de esta reconstrucción consistió en cuantificar la incertidumbre dentro del modelo, utilizando una paleta en falso color para representar los distintos niveles de confianza en la precisión de los diferentes elementos según la disponibilidad de las fuentes. Se determinó que el índice promedio de incertidumbre del modelo era del 40%, lo que destaca el carácter especulativo de algunos componentes debido a la documentación incompleta. Esta reconstrucción digital contribuye significativamente a la narrativa arquitectónica del Santuario de São Torcato y sirve como un recurso en futuras investigaciones y educación pública. A pesar de las incertidumbres inherentes, el modelo ofrece valiosas perspectivas sobre una visión arquitectónica que permanece sin realizar, subrayando la importancia de los métodos digitales en la preservación e interpretación del patrimonio arquitectónico
Metodologías de levantamiento gráfico en entornos urbanos subterráneos: las cuevas de Bétera, Valencia
Full text linkAmong the different types of popular house styles found in Spain, we encounter the unusual case of cave dwellings. In the Valencian Community; we find them in the villages of Paterna, Godella, Rocafort, Moncada, Bétera, Ribarroja and Villamarchante. In the mid 19th century, the population living in cave dwellings reached significant numbers, thus constituting an important typology of today’s local architectural heritage. This case study can be framed in the broader field of the Underground Built Heritage (UBH), so including some of the aspects, factors and issues which may have influenced the strategies and tools used in the acquisition data phase. In this article, we present the methodologies and workflows used for the terrestrial laser scanning digital survey –through comparison with commonly used methodologies for this specific kind of heritage– and the subsequent graphic design surrounding the necessary architectural plans, carried out on a case study: Betera’s cave dwellings. Making use of the Visual Inertial System (VIS) technology integrated into the tool, it was possible to achieve comprehensive coverage of the case of study while ensuring high efficiency in the heritage surveying process. The digital documentation obtained is, beyond doubt, the fundamental tool for the knowledge and conservation of semi-abandoned heritage assets; only a few caves are occupied today, and most of them show a state of significant damage. Starting from the survey process, the methodological issues peculiar to the typology of the case study, i.e. underground architecture in an urban setting, which are involved in the survey project drafting are analysed, also taking into account those aspects related to the definition of surveying standards. Computational methodologies are also proposed, through the implementation of an algorithmic definition –reusable for similar case studies– that can help us to deepen our knowledge of the artefact, also in a broader perspective of process automation and informative enrichment of the obtained models. The results obtained serve as significant documentation of a relevant typology of the local architectural heritage and provide a starting point for further analysis on optimising survey planning for this peculiar type of scenario.Entre las diferentes tipologías de vivienda popular que se pueden encontrar en España, encontramos el caso peculiar de las casas cueva. En la Comunidad Valenciana, las encontramos en Paterna, Godella, Rocafort, Moncada, Bétera, Ribarroja y Villamarchante. A mediados del siglo XIX la población de las cuevas llega a números relevantes, y hoy en día constituyen una importante tipología de patrimonio arquitectónico local. El caso de estudio se puede enmarcar en el campo más amplio del Patrimonio Construido Subterráneo (‘Underground Built Heritage’, UBH), teniendo así en cuenta los aspectos, factores y cuestiones que pueden tener influencia a la hora de plantear estrategias y herramientas a utilizar en la fase de toma de datos. El presente articulo presenta las metodologías y los flujos de trabajo utilizados en el levantamiento digital con escáner laser terrestre, tras la comparación con metodologías utilizadas en esta tipología de patrimonio, y la posterior elaboración gráfica de los planos arquitectónicos necesarios, llevado a cabo sobre un caso de estudio, las casas cuevas de Bétera. Explotando plenamente la tecnología ‘Visual Inertial System’ (VIS) integrada en la herramienta utilizada, se alcanzó una cobertura óptima del caso de estudio, manteniendo al mismo tiempo un alto nivel de eficiencia en el proceso de levantamiento del patrimonio. La documentación digital obtenida es sin duda la herramienta fundamental para el conocimiento y la conservación de un patrimonio en estado de semi abandono: solo unas cuevas están en uso hoy en día, y la mayoría de ellas presentan un estado de daño importante. A partir del proceso de levantamiento, se analizan las cuestiones metodológicas peculiares de la tipología del caso de estudio –es decir una arquitectura subterránea en un entorno urbano– que intervienen a la hora de redactar un proyecto de levantamiento, teniendo también en cuenta aspectos relativos a la definición de estándares para el levantamiento. Se proponen además metodologías computacionales que a través la implementación de una definición algorítmica –reutilizable para casos parecidos– nos ayudan a profundizar ulteriormente el nivel de conocimiento del objeto de estudio en una óptica más amplia de automatización de procesos y enriquecimiento informativo de los modelos construidos. Los resultados obtenidos representan un importante testimonio de una relevante tipología de patrimonio arquitectónico local, así como un punto de partida para ulteriores análisis sobre la optimización del proceso de levantamiento en este escenario peculiar
Decision support system for waste management: fuzzy group AHP-CoCoSo
No full textWaste collection and management represents critical strategic focal points in urban development planning. The establishment and maintenance of such systems contribute significantly to policymakers' pursuit of sustainable development objectives. The efficient collection, categorization, and disposal of diverse types of waste pose formidable challenges within urban governance. This study proposes a comprehensive framework for group decision analysis employing Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo) to address the optimal site selection problem for waste disposal facilities. In order to rigorously and scientifically address collective waste management issues, this paper engages ten experts to score and evaluate criteria for waste management and alternative site locations. Innovatively integrating Fuzzy methodology with AHP-CoCoSo, the authors optimize decision-makers' preference inputs. Through Fuzzy-AHP, decision-makers' weights and criteria weights are calculated, while Fuzzy-CoCoSo is utilized to determine the final collective decision ranking. By synthesizing the ratings from the ten experts, ideal decision outcomes are obtained to aid cities in selecting the most suitable waste disposal sites. This research contributes to the advancement of urban waste management strategies, offering a systematic approach that accounts for the diverse perspectives of stakeholders and the complex dynamics inherent in waste management decision-making