Open Access Publications (Univ. de Genève)
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Epistemology as a compass
Get PDFWhat should we do then when we do not feel comfortable with the dominant way of considering the construction of knowledge? When one has the feeling that epistemic injustices are emerging, that neutrality produces violence? I propose to answer these questions by tracing the construction of the posture I adopt today in my research and teaching of female students in education sciences at the University of Geneva as well as at the Doctoral School in Education Sciences (EDSE). In line with the title of this paper, I consider the notion of epistemological posture as a "space for ethical reflection", i.e. a "space for reflection on how to \u27direct one\u27s conduct\u27 as a researcher" (Matthey, 2005). The construction of this space is a journey of encounters and links. It requires audacity and authorisation, often confronts researchers with adversity and sometimes plunges them into solitude. Seeking alternatives to positivism places researchers in minority positions that force them to constantly justify themselves in relation to the dominant scientific norms
Submarine crevasse lobes controlled by lateral slope failure in tectonically-active settings: an exhumed example from the Eocene Aínsa depocentre (Spain)
Get PDFTectonic deformation and associated submarine slope failures modify seafloor relief, influencing sediment dispersal patterns and the resulting depositional architecture of deep-water systems. The exhumed Middle Eocene strata of the Banastón deep-water system in the Aínsa depocentre, Spain, allow the interplay between submarine slope confined systems, mass flow deposits, and syn-depositional compressional tectonics to be investigated. This study focuses on the Banastón II sub-unit, interpreted as deposits of low-sinuosity and narrow (2-3 km wide) channel-belts confined laterally by tectonically-controlled, fine-grained slopes. The studied succession (111 m-thick) is exposed along a 1.5 km long SE-NW trending depositional dip section and is documented here by facies analysis and physical correlation of 10 measured sections. Results show a stratigraphic evolution in which the channel axes migrated to the southwest, away from a growing structure in the northeastern part of the Aínsa depocentre. Uplift of this structure promoted the breaching of confining channel walls and slope material with mass failures and the development of sand-rich crevasse scour-fills and crevasse lobes. We show that crevasse deposits form an important component of overbank succession. These crevasse lobes are characterized by structureless thick and medium beds that form < 5 m thick packages in proximal parts and thin abruptly over 1 km across strike (NE) and along downdip (NW) into structured thin beds, similar to the heterolithic dominated overbank deposits. Although the development of crevasse lobes has been observed in multiple deep-water systems in ancient and modern systems, this study documents, for the first time, crevasse lobe development on the active compressional margin of a foreland basin rather than on the opposing, more stable and gentler inactive margin. We discuss the mechanism for forming these crevasse deposits, which exploited the accommodation generated by submarine landslides derived from the tectonically-active compressional margin
Constraining the formation conditions of modern pisoids at Ore Lake, Michigan
Get PDFLarge concentrically laminated carbonate grains (here referred to as pisoids) have been observed sporadically throughout the geological record and in modern environments. Explanations for how these grains form have varied widely in different settings, although microbial effects are often involved. In Ore Lake, a ~1 km2 flow-through lake in southeast Michigan, one to four centimeter oblong calcite pisoids are observed in both lake bottom shallows and mounded as a small spit near the primary outflow. In section mm-scale light and more porous along with and dark and more dense concentric laminations are apparent. Here we use field observations, petrography, water chemistry, and stable isotopes to understand their formation. Measurements of pisoid calcite δ18O and lake water δ18O indicate that precipitation occurs in waters between roughly 19 – 28°C. These warm temperatures imply that pisoid growth happens almost entirely within the summer, contrary to prior work that suggested wintertime precipitation was important. Pisoid δ18O values largely overlap with coexisting lake bivalve values, suggesting that pisoid precipitation is in equilibrium. In contrast, pisoid δ13C is as much as 8 ‰ more positive than bivalve δ13C due to photosynthetic effects. We propose that the laminations in these pisoids arise from different rates of formation within the warm months, rather than large seasonal differences. A decline in lake alkalinity beginning in late spring likely coincides with more rapid growth, with slower growth mediated by cyanobacteria continuing through the summer. This range of observations enables the use of Ore Lake as a potential model for understanding pisoid formation throughout the geological record
AF641, AI954 and AW954 antibodies label markers of the human endoplasmic reticulum by western blot
Get PDFThe recombinant antibodies AF641, AI954 and AW954 detect different markers of the endoplasmic reticulum by western blot
Surfing the Waves of Quantum Matter in Warm Classical Seas
No full textJust as surfers ride the vast waves of the ocean, quasiparticles navigate the deep currents of low-temperature quantum physics, illuminating phenomena like superfluidity and superconductivity. Drawing inspiration from these quantum waves, we\u27ve charted a course in classical physics, unraveling the collective dance of particles as they interact within the two-dimensional seas of room temperature flows
SEDucate: sedimentary log exercises for an active learning environment
Get PDFActive learning in higher education has been shown to improve students’ learning experience by focusing on a student-centered environment. However, the development of realistic activities that simulate the complexity of real world examples while being appropriate for novice learners is challenging. Here we present SEDucate, a GIS plugin to designed to build realistic active-learning exercises for sedimentology courses. SEDucate creates unique sedimentary logs for a tailored assessment based on modern sedimentary environments. The automated creation of simple sedimentary logs covering a variety of depositional environments can be implemented in a wide range of exercises and assessments for individual or group-based work. This novel GIS plugin facilitates teaching the characterization of sedimentary logs, the interpretation of paleogeography and the lateral variation observed in modern sedimentary environments
Compte-rendu de la 17eme journée franco-suisse sur la veille stratégique et l’intelligence économique
Get PDFAprès deux années d’interruption, les conférences Jveille ont repris, et la 17ème édition de Jveille s’est déroulée le 16 juin à Neuchâtel sur le thème: « Outils de veille : les meilleures pratiques ». Elle a réuni une trentaine de personnes provenant de Suisse et de France
Spring: A Season Of New Beginnings And The End Of The Dinosaurs
No full textWe probably all know about the extinction of the dinosaurs 66 million years ago, from an asteroid hitting the Yucatán peninsula. The impact caused tsunamis and earthquakes. Pieces of molten Earth rock were ejected into space, and later rained back down. This event caused death for everything exposed. We describe how fishes from North Dakota help inform us on the season of the extinction
An Antibody Cocktail Combats The Deadly Ebola Virus And Sudan Virus
No full textThere are several deadly viruses in the ebola virus family, but current antibody treatments are effective against only one. Our work discovered two antibodies from human survivors, and their benefit when combined together in a cocktail, to provide broader protection at a lower dose. We reveal surprising findings of how they act to achieve protection
A laser proton accelerator targeting tumors in mice
No full textHigh-power short-pulse lasers can generate intense but fluctuating bunches of energetic protons. We demonstrate a new level of stability for laser-driven proton sources that allowed us to successfully perform the world-wide first tumor irradiation study in mice with this novel radiation source