Open Access Publications (Univ. de Genève)
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Robyn d’Avignon (2022) - A Ritual Geology: Gold and Subterranean Knowledge in Savanna West Africa
No full textCritical review: Robyn d’Avignon, A Ritual Geology: Gold and Subterranean Knowledge in Savanna West Africa, Durham, Duke University Press, 2022, 304 p.Recensé : Robyn d’Avignon, A Ritual Geology: Gold and Subterranean Knowledge in Savanna West Africa, Durham, Duke University Press, 2022, 304 p
Nugent (2019) - Boundaries, Communities, and State-Making in West Africa. The Centrality of the Margins
Get PDFCritical review: Paul Nugent, Boundaries, Communities, and State-Making in West Africa. The Centrality of the Margins, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2019, 610 p.Recension : Paul Nugent, Boundaries, Communities, and State-Making in West Africa. The Centrality of the Margins, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2019, 610 p
Coproduction de l’offre d’éducation préscolaire communautaire dans la commune d’Adjohoun au Bénin : analyse des dynamiques sociopolitiques
No full textIn Benin, preschool receives little attention from the state. In order to partially remedy this situation, UNICEF has implemented the Education & Community (EDUCOM) project with the support of the state. This article focuses on the co-production of preschool education between the state and local actors in the community of Adjohoun, and the dynamics observed in this co-production. The objective is to capitalize on the experience of the municipality of Adjohoun to provide evidence of the continuity of actions in the co-production of the municipal preschool education offer from the EDUCOM project. This case study shows how the state and local actors contribute to the co-production of preschool services. It is essentially qualitative and based on documentary research, semi-structured interviews, and observation using tools such as a reading grid, interview guides, and an observation grid. The data have been analyzed according to the strategic analysis model. Sustainability actions have been recorded. Other local and international partners have relied on the mechanisms implemented by the EDUCOM project to intervene in favor of preschool. Some childcare centers have returned to the state, and new ones have been created. The former mediators have been recruited to work in the municipality. However, in some villages, problems of sustainability have been observed.Au Bénin, le préscolaire bénéficie de peu d’attention de la part de l’État. Pour corriger partiellement cela, l’UNICEF, en appui à l’État, a implémenté le projet Éducation & Communauté (EDUCOM). L’objet de cet article se focalise sur la coproduction de l’offre d’éducation préscolaire entre l’État et les acteurs/trices locales/aux, et l’exploration des actions de pérennisation des acquis du projet EDUCOM de la commune d’Adjohoun. L’objectif est de capitaliser les expériences de la commune d’Adjohoun dans la production des évidences de la continuité des actions initiées à partir du projet EDUCOM. Il s’est agi d’une étude de cas qui montre comment l’État et les acteurs/trices locales/aux contribuent à la coproduction de l’offre préscolaire. Elle est essentiellement qualitative et fondée sur la recherche documentaire, les entretiens semi-structurés et l’observation avec comme outils une grille de lecture, des guides d’entretien et une grille d’observations. Les données sont analysées suivant le modèle de l’analyse stratégique. Des actions de pérennisation ont été enregistrées. D’autres partenaires locaux et internationaux se sont appuyés sur les dispositifs mis en place dans le cadre du Projet EDUCOM pour intervenir en faveur du préscolaire. Certains Espaces Enfance sont rentrés dans le giron de l’État et de nouveaux espaces ont vu le jour. Les anciennes médiatrices ont été recrutées pour servir dans les mairies. Toutefois, dans certains villages, des difficultés de pérennisation ont été observées
Who sees what? A study of the perception of sexual harassment among university students in Switzerland
Get PDFDistinguishing climate and tectonic signals in the stratigraphy of the Kura Basin, the southeastern foreland of the Greater Caucasus
Get PDFAssessing the relative contributions of tectonics and climate in orogenic systems and the stratigraphy preserved within their fringing basins has guided research for decades. Determining the role of these contributions is non-trivial and is difficult due to variations in both magnitude and period over which fluctuations in tectonics and climate occur, typically >105 – 7 years and <105 years, respectively. The Greater Caucasus is a young orogen that offers a unique opportunity to assess these critical roles through analysis of exposures of the foreland stratigraphy. Here, we synthesize available measured stratigraphic sections from within the Kura Fold-Thrust Belt and adjoining regions, creating multiple paleogeographic reconstructions for key regional chronostratigraphic stages, and then assessing the Kura Basin’s response time throughout these stages. We use basin response time as a proxy for whether tectonics or climate fluctuations could be preserved within the Kura Fold-Thrust Belt stratigraphy and, thus, what changes in depositional environments during those periods are more likely to reflect. In general, estimates of basin response times indicate that tectonic signals could be preserved throughout the Kura Basin during the deposition of the Productive Series. Climatic signals would likely be preserved during the deposition of the Akchagyl stage, although tectonics signals cannot be ruled out. During the Apsheronian stage, both tectonic and climate signals can be preserved. These results highlight that a foreland basin system can fluctuate between being able to record mixtures of tectonic and climatic signals during both different geologic stages and within the same stage across a foreland
Heterogeneous lithification across a legacy coastal slag bank: the creation of new sedimentary rock from anthropogenic material
Get PDFLithification of artificial ground comprising by-products of legacy iron and steel workings presents a range of opportunities including atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) storage. The natural environmental processes altering these waste sites can also pose challenges such as ecotoxic metal leaching, and so it is important to characterise these largely undocumented anthropogenically-derived rocks. This study documents the lithification mechanisms, as well as mineralogical and geochemical characteristics across a legacy coastal iron and steel slag deposit (in Warton, England). X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of the slag deposit, as well as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the cream-coloured material covering the deposit, shows lithification both on the top surface and the seaward side above the mean high-water mark (MHWM), which is the result of carbonate mineralisation. This process is driven by water weathering slag minerals (gehlenite, åkermanite, and pseudowollastonite), which release calcium (Ca). Ingassed and hydroxylated atmospheric CO2 reacts with the leached Ca to form calcite that is slightly to strongly depleted in 13C (δ13C values: -6.4 ‰ to -22.7 ‰), following partial dissolved inorganic carbonate (DIC) equilibrium. Calcium-silicate-hydrate (CSH) precipitation was responsible for lithifying the deposit where more frequent and abundant seawater washing prevents subsequent slag mineral dissolution and carbonate precipitation. This work shows that legacy iron and steel slag deposits are prone to lithification, particularly in coastal settings. This lithification can draw down atmospheric CO2 and has the potential to slow the release of toxic metals from CSH precipitation, enhancing the possibility for repurposing legacy industrial waste for CO2 storage and coastal defence applications
Recherche participative sur la déficience visuelle : Analyse des modalités de participation de l’étude Homère
Get PDFParticipatory research is particularly relevant in the field of disability because of its potential to improve the living conditions of the people concerned and to empower them. The aim of this article is to describe the implementation of the participatory process of the Homère study, an online survey designed to document the daily lives of visually impaired people living in France. A case-study approach, based on an analysis of the documents produced for the study, was used to describe the different steps of the study, and in particular the interactions between key actors and researchers. The results illustrate the added value of involving key actors, but also show the challenges of participatory research. The findings to recommendations that could be applied to other participatory studies.La recherche participative se révèle particulièrement pertinente dans le domaine du handicap en raison de ses potentielles répercussions sur la vie des personnes concernées et leur pouvoir d’agir. Cet article vise à décrire la mise en œuvre du processus participatif de l’étude Homère, une enquête en ligne visant à documenter la vie quotidienne des personnes ayant une déficience visuelle vivant en France. Une approche par étude de cas via l’analyse des documents produits pour la conduite de l’étude a été réalisée pour décrire les différentes phases de l’étude, et notamment les interactions entre actrices et acteurs de terrains et de la recherche. Les résultats illustrent la valeur ajoutée de l’implication des personnes de terrain, mais montrent également les défis de la recherche participative. Ils permettent de formuler des recommandations pouvant être appliquées à d’autres études participatives
Scolarisation des élèves déficients visuels et participation sociale
Get PDFMost European educational systems are moving towards more inclusive schools. In France, this is reflected in the different types of schooling available to pupils with visual impairment, whether in regular or special settings. In this article, we focus on the effects of these schooling arrangements in terms of students\u27 social participation and accessibility to the study of knowledge. Our data come from two research projects. The first aims to provide a national overview of Ulis TFV arrangements. The second studies the process of outsourcing a teaching unit that enables blind and partially-sighted pupils to attend elementary school. Those two studies show that schooling in a mainstream environment does not in itself guarantee the social participation of pupils, and that a systemic vision helps to identify certain obstacles.La plupart des systèmes éducatifs européens sont engagés sur le chemin d’une école plus inclusive. Cela se traduit en France par différentes modalités de scolarisations possibles pour les élèves déficients visuels, que ce soit en milieu ordinaire ou en milieu spécialisé. Dans cet article, nous réfléchissons aux effets de ces modalités de scolarisation du point de vue de la participation sociale des élèves et de l’accessibilité à l’étude des savoirs. Nos données sont issues de deux projets de recherche. Le premier vise à dresser un état des lieux du fonctionnement des dispositifs Ulis TFV à l’échelle nationale. Le second s’intéresse au processus d’externalisation d’une unité d’enseignement qui permet une scolarisation d’élèves aveugles et malvoyants au sein d’une école primaire. Ces deux études permettent de montrer que la scolarisation en milieu ordinaire ne garantit pas en soi la participation sociale des élèves et qu’une vision systémique permet d’identifier certains obstacles
AH971 and AV865 antibodies label the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein in focus-forming assay
Get PDFAH971 and AV865 antibodies detect the nucleocapsid proteins of severe acute respiratory SARS coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a focus forming assay
Masculinidades em questão: Modelos, perspetivas e formas de violência
Get PDFA partir das últimas décadas do século passado, os denominados Estudos Feministas e os Estudos LGTBI+1, para além de movimentos políticos e sociais, começaram a destacar-se como modelos de reflexão e análise. Estudiosas como Joan Scott e Judith Butler, entre muitas outras pessoas, teorizaram amplamente a noção de género, situando-a enquanto categoria analítica e inserindo-a no campo dos sistemas de significação, enfatizando a sua dimensão relacional no referente aos processos de construção das identidades e na organização social (Scott, 1989; Butler, 2027). Deste modo, argumenta-se que a identidade de género não depende de um essencialismo intrínseco; depende antes de uma história sociocultural e de formas complexas de poder e regulamentação. Em suma, a ideia básica subjacente no conceito “género”, evidencia que “ser homem ou ser mulher” é um produto social e histórico e não uma condição suposta e diretamente derivada da natureza