Open Access Publications (Univ. de Genève)
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    “Robots are fun” : rhétorique du jeu dans la promotion de la robotique éducative

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    Cet article analyse le recours à une rhétorique du jeu (Sutton-Smith, 1997) dans la promotion de la robotique éducative comme une réponse à la problématisation politique d’un manque d’intérêt des élèves dans les disciplines MINT (Mathématiques, informatique, sciences de la nature et technique). En nous distanciant volontairement de la question des effets des technologies éducatives sur l’engagement et les apprentissages, nous proposons une étude de cas centrée sur le canton de Vaud qui s’appuie sur une méthode d’analyse critique du discours. En premier lieu, nous prenons un recul historique sur le lien entre éducation et engagement pour contextualiser les réformes vaudoises actuelles d’encouragement des MINT. Nous montrons ensuite comment la robotique éducative construit sa promotion autour du jeu pour répondre aux enjeux politiques et économiques de l’engagement dans les branches techniques. En conclusion, nous revenons sur les limites de cette rhétorique et des représentations du jeu qu’elle véhicule

    Répondre au sentiment de stigmatisation des jeunes: Une recherche action-collaborative pour l’insertion socio-professionnelle

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    This article is based on a body of literature exploring the stigmatisation of young adults in their socio-professional integration process. It highlights the fact that young adults often experience these programmes as a source of suffering, linked to the perception that they are being judged or marginalised because of their social situation. Yet these schemes, which focus on employment and training, reinforce these stigmas, in particular by emphasising professional success as a condition for social integration. The stigma generates a feeling of exclusion among beneficiaries, compromising their commitment to these processes. This literature justifies the importance of developing inclusive approaches, such as Collaborative Action Research (CAR), which is presented in the second part of this article, to recognise the expertise of beneficiaries and mitigate stigmatising dynamics.Cet article s’appuie sur un corpus de littérature explorant la stigmatisation des jeunes adultes dans leur processus d’insertion socio-professionnelle. Il souligne que ce public vit souvent ces programmes comme une source de souffrance, liée à la perception d’être jugé·es ou marginalisé·es en raison de leur situation sociale. Or, ces dispositifs centrés sur l’emploi et la formation renforcent ces stigmates, en mettant notamment l’accent sur la réussite professionnelle comme condition d’intégration sociale. La stigmatisation génère un sentiment d’exclusion chez les bénéficiaires, compromettant leur engagement dans ces processus. Cette littérature justifie l’importance de développer des approches inclusives, à l’instar de la Recherche-Action Collaborative (RAC) qui est présentée en deuxième partie d’article, pour reconnaître l’expertise des bénéficiaires et atténuer les dynamiques stigmatisantes

    Chemotherapy and heart failure

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    Patients with a diagnosis of breast cancer or lymphoma who received chemotherapy treatment might be at risk of long-term side effects. We evaluated the association between a type of chemotherapy, called anthracyclines, and the risk of developing heart failure in patients with cancer. In this study, patients treated with anthracycline were more likely to have heart failure compared to controls

    An Emerging Era: Wearable Breast Ultrasonography at Home

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    Ultrasound is key for detecting breast cancer. However, current bulky, planar imaging devices do not fit the unique breast shape well. We have developed a new conformable Ultrasound Breast Patch (cUSBr-Patch), which overcomes this with a flexible transducer array, nature-inspired honeycomb patch, and accurate signal processing. This breakthrough allows breast ultrasound to become wearable, operator-independent, and more accessible

    Volcanic Ash: A Nutrient Boost for Reef-Building Corals

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    The interaction between volcanic eruptions and coral reefs are commonly reported to be detrimental to corals. However, recent laboratory experiments on cultured corals exposed to moderate concentrations of volcanic ash, reveal quite the opposite: ash-exposed corals exhibit surprising health improvements compared to the control counterparts

    Microfossil and geochemical evidence for the Storegga tsunami at Budle Bay, Northumberland, UK

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    Evidence for the Storegga tsunami, which was generated by one of the world’s largest submarine slides, is well documented in Scotland, but the southerly extent of tsunami inundation in the UK is far more uncertain. Here, we combine new sedimentological, geochemical, microfossil, and ground-penetrating radar datasets to investigate the origins of two sand beds at Budle Bay, Northumberland. The lower of these two sand deposits is a fine- to medium-grained sand that fines upwards, is dominated by fragmented marine diatom taxa, and is characterised by elevated calcium concentrations. Two radiocarbon dated samples provide minimum age constraints on the timing of the deposition of the lower sand at around 8120–8380 cal yr BP. It is tentatively interpreted as being deposited by the Storegga tsunami. The upper sand bed is generally finer grained than the lower sand, and the calcium concentrations are considerably lower. One hypothesis is that the upper sand was deposited by the 1953 CE storm surge, but additional chronological control is required to test this interpretation. Our findings highlight the challenges associated with differentiating between storm and tsunami deposits and confirm the localised nature of preservation of Storegga tsunami deposits

    Langage spatial chez les enfants aveugles : exprimer la localisation et le mouvement sans vision

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    This study compares the performance of blind and sighted children (6-11 years old) in the production and comprehension of spatial prepositions and motion verbs in French language. In both populations, performance was better in comprehension than in production and with prepositions than with verbs. Performance was better in the sighted than in the blind, although with prepositions this difference mostly concerned young children and gradually disappeared thereafter. With verbs, population differences decreased only at 11 years and never disappeared entirely. In both populations, but especially among blind children, performance was better with prepositions marking containment or implying a vertical plane than with those implying a sagittal plane, particularly with non-oriented entities. Performance was also best when verbs implied a vertical plane (ascend, descend). The discussion explores implications of these results in light of blind children’s performance.Cette étude compare les performances d\u27enfants aveugles et voyants (6-11 ans) dans la production et la compréhension de prépositions spatiales et de verbes de mouvement en langue française. Dans les deux populations, les performances étaient meilleures en compréhension qu\u27en production. Les performances étaient meilleures chez les voyants que chez les aveugles. Pour les prépositions cette différence concernait surtout les jeunes enfants et disparaissait progressivement par la suite. Pour les verbes, les différences de population n’ont diminué qu’à l’âge de 11 ans et n’ont jamais complètement disparu. Dans les deux populations, mais surtout chez les enfants aveugles, les performances étaient meilleures avec les prépositions marquant le confinement ou impliquant un plan vertical qu\u27avec celles impliquant un plan sagittal. Les performances étaient également meilleures lorsque les verbes impliquaient un plan vertical (monter, descendre). La discussion explore les implications de ces résultats à la lumière des performances des enfants aveugles

    Le handicap (visuel) : une simple histoire de temps

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    Among researchers whose visual abilities have been significantly altered (whether recognized as disability or not), certain individuals have obtained workstation adjustments (such as tools, assistance, and the like). These measures are intended to be sufficient to accomplish all the tasks required of a researcher. However, they feel a significant lack of time for fulfilling their work. I shall first delineate the significance of crip time in the professional lives of disabled researchers. Then, I will show how crip time is experienced in all spheres of activity. Therefore, disability cannot be understood without considering time impacts. I will then demonstrate that crip time plays a significant role in many people\u27s lives, even if they are not disabled, and that it is necessary to take it into account for an inclusive and accessible world.Parmi les chercheur-euses dont les capacités visuelles sont altérées de manière significative (handicap visuel, reconnu ou non), certain-es ont obtenu un aménagement de leur poste (outils, aides humaines, etc.). On pourrait croire que ces dispositifs permettent de rendre accessible l’ensemble des missions qui incombent au métier de chercheur-euse, pourtant i-elles ne parviennent pas à honorer toutes les tâches dans le temps imparti. Afin de comprendre pourquoi, je décrirai, d’abord, comment la notion de crip time se traduit dans la vie professionnelle des personnes en situation de handicap. Ensuite, je montrerai comment le crip time s’éprouve dans toutes ses sphères d’activités. En cela, le handicap ne peut se comprendre sans prendre en compte le rapport au temps spécifique. Enfin, j’évoquerai que ce crip time n’est pas l’apanage des personnes en situation de handicap, et comment sa prise en compte est essentielle pour un monde inclusif et accessible

    Pedro Monaville (2022) - Students of the World: Global 1968 and Decolonization in the Congo

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    Critical review: Pedro Monaville, Students of the World: Global 1968 and Decolonization in the Congo, Durham and London, Duke University Press, 2022, 341 p.Recensé : Pedro Monaville, Students of the World: Global 1968 and Decolonization in the Congo, Durham et Londres, Duke University Press, 2022, 341 p

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