Sustainable Urban Development and Environmental Impact Journal
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Identification and clustering of drought-prone areas based on geographical, climatic, and socio-economic indicators: Supporting sustainable environmental management policies
No full textBackground: Drought is one of the most crucial environmental issues with widespread impacts across various regions of the world, including Indonesia, where changes in rainfall patterns and land use exacerbate the condition. This study aims to identify and cluster drought-prone areas in Central Sulawesi based on geographic, climatic, and socio-economic indicators, with 22 variables representing these three indicators. Methods: The analysis uses a quantitative approach based on data mining through the K-Means Clustering technique. Secondary data from 2019 to 2025 were integrated from multiple agencies, including BPS, BMKG, and BNPB, while the optimal number of clusters was determined using the Silhouette method executed via RStudio. Findings: The analysis results show three clusters with different levels of drought vulnerability, namely Cluster 1 (high drought), Cluster 2 (moderate drought), and Cluster 3 (low drought). Cluster 1 is characterized by high temperatures, low rainfall, and intensive mining activities. Cluster 2 has moderate rainfall and better environmental conditions. Cluster 3 shows relatively stable hydrological and socio-economic conditions. Climatic factors, particularly rainfall are the most influential indicators of drought vulnerability. Geographical factors such as irrigated areas and the extent of forests and water bodies also contribute, as do socioeconomic factors such as population density, poverty levels, and access to clean water. Conclusion: This analysis provides a spatial overview of the distribution of drought risk and serves as a scientific basis for policy formulation. The analysis then provides policy recommendations, including irrigation development and water conservation in moderately vulnerable areas, sustainable resource management in low-risk areas, and green economy development in safe areas to support sustainable environmental management. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this study lies in its integrated multidimensional approach, combining geographic, climatic, and socio-economic indicators through K-Means Clustering to map drought vulnerability in Central Sulawesi
Contesting the green transition: Nickel downstreaming, structural inequality, and the paradoxes of green extractivism
No full textBackground: Indonesia, home to some of the world’s largest nickel reserves, has emerged as a central hub in the global electric vehicle supply chain under initiatives of nickel downstreaming. This study aims to examine how nickel industrialization intersects with social, ecological, and spatial inequalities, revealing the paradoxes of green economic growth. Methods: Drawing on theories of political ecology framework, it integrates theories of the resource curse, and green extractivism, to understand the uneven realities of Indonesia’s green transition, a mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating statistical data from the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics, deforestation records, health indicators, and civil society reports. The analytical process involves visualizing longitudinal datasets (2019–2024) to detect regional inequalities, which are then linked to qualitative reports to identify patterns of structural neglect and environmental injustice. Findings: The findings indicate that nickel-led industrial growth boosts regional GDP while welfare improvements remain stagnant, inequality persists, and access to healthcare and ecological quality are unevenly distributed across nickel-producing provinces. Deforestation, limited infrastructure, and the dominance of foreign investment reinforce patterns of structural neglect and embed Indonesia within global resource dependency networks. Conclusion: The study concludes that current circular economy policies risk serving as technocratic tools that legitimize extractive industrialism rather than foster genuine sustainability. Achieving meaningful circularity requires prioritizing ecological restoration, community participation, and redistributive justice to ensure that the green transition does not reinforce pre-existing inequalities. Novelty/Originality of this article: This research contributes a novel perspective by linking nickel industrialization with environmental justice, green colonialism, and spatial inequality in Indonesia’s low-carbon development agenda
Psychological determinants of 3R behavior: A secondary data analysis from Bappenas within the Framework of SDGs 12 in Indonesia
No full textBackground: Urban areas in Indonesia face mounting waste challenges driven by rapid population growth and unsustainable consumption. To advance Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 12 on responsible consumption and production, this study investigates the psychological determinants of 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) behavior using secondary data from the Ministry of National Development Planning (Bappenas). Methods: Employing a descriptive–correlational design, the research operationalizes environmental awareness, pro-environmental attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and social norms through macro-level proxy indicators. The study utilizes a purposive sampling of urban datasets (2021–2022), where psychological constructs are proxied by infrastructure density, participation rates, and local policy metrics, subsequently analyzed through multiple regression using R and SPSS software to ensure statistical rigor. Findings: Regression analysis reveals that pro-environmental attitudes and perceived behavioral control are the strongest predictors of 3R engagement, while social norms play a reinforcing role. These findings align with the Theory of Planned Behavior and Value Belief Norm Theory. Collectively, these psychological factors explain approximately 64% of the variance in 3R behavior, confirming that both individual motivations and collective social pressures are critical drivers of environmentally responsible action in the Indonesian context. Conclusion: These results underscore the importance of embedding behavioral perspectives into sustainability strategies. By demonstrating how psychological factors shape waste-related actions, the study highlights the need for policies that go beyond infrastructure focusing instead on motivation, capability, and social reinforcement to foster lasting 3R engagement. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study offers one of the first empirical analyses using national level data to explain psychological drivers of sustainable waste behavior in Indonesia, providing a foundation for targeted strategies that integrate behavioral insights into SDGs 12 implementation
The social moderation model: Meta-ethnographic synthesis of local realities in watershed rehabilitation sustainability
No full textBackground: Watershed rehabilitation in South Sumatra is a national priority program to address ecological degradation, yet its implementation on the ground has shown highly variable results. This study aims to analyze the determinants that differentiate the success and failure of watershed rehabilitation programs, focusing on the interaction between external interventions and local socio-ecological realities. Methods: Using a Meta-Synthesis (Meta-Ethnography) methodology on qualitative secondary data from studies published between 2020 and 2025, this study translates fragmented findings to build a more comprehensive understanding. Findings: Key findings suggest that the key to success lies not in the technical aspects of planting, but rather in its socio-economic foundations. Failures are generally caused by top-down , project-centric approaches from external stakeholders, which create negative spillover effects, such as rigid targets and tenure conflicts. On the contrary, the success of the program is determined by the existence of a moderation process, where three vital local contexts are tenure security and a sense of ownership, program integration with the subsistence economy through agroforestry, and the involvement of local institutions that are trusted to actively mitigate these negative impacts. Conclusion: This study concludes that the sustainability of watershed rehabilitation requires a paradigm shift from procedural involvement to substantive participation that integrates local knowledge and realities as the main foundation of the program. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this research lies in its Meta-Ethnographic synthesis of fragmented studies from 2020–2025, proposing a 'Social Moderation Model' that identifies local tenure security and subsistence integration as the definitive core of watershed sustainability, rather than mere technical or procedural participation
Groundwater quality analysis using the weighted arithmetic water quality index at the elementary school
No full textBackground: Children are a vulnerable group exposed to water pollution. Elementary schools in Kapanewon Prambanan, have experienced complaints regarding water quality. Therefore, this study aims to determine the water quality in elementary schools in Kapanewon Prambanan compared to the quality standards according to PERMENKES Number 2 of 2023 and to calculate the water quality index using the Weighted Arithmatic Water Quality Index (WAWQI) method. Method: The parameters tested were pH, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), turbidity, nitrate, iron, and E.Coli. Measurements were carried out directly in the field at 12 sample points and testing was carried out in the laboratory. Determination of sample points was based on land use, Groundwater Basin (CAT) areas, geology, soil type, and complaints about water quality problems. Findings: Based on WAWQI calculations, it can be seen that the water quality at Kapanewon Prambanan elementary school is divided into two classes, namely very good and not suitable for consumption needs. WAWQI values range from 7.51 to 3105.82. Based on a comparison of the measurement results with the PERMENKES quality standards Number 2 of 2023, there are four sample points that exceed the quality standards for turbidity parameters, two points for TDS parameters, three sample points for nitrate parameters, and ten for E.Coli parameters. Conclusion: The WQI value at Kapanewon Prambanan Elementary School, which is divided into two classes, namely not suitable for consumption needs and very good is directly proportional to the distance of the well to the septic tank. Schools with very good water quality have a distance that meets the standard, which is more than 10 meters. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study is expected to be able to increase attention regarding the study of water quality in schools, especially in Indonesia, which is currently still rarely done
Simulation of hybrid push/pull production system for cost reduction and resource optimization in sustainable automotive manufacturing
Get PDFBackground: The rapid development of the automotive industry requires an efficient production system to minimize costs and optimize resources. PT XYZ, an automotive component manufacturer, previously relied on a push production system based on demand forecasts. However, discrepancies between forecasted and actual demand led to excess inventory and increased storage costs. To address this issue, a hybrid push/pull production system was introduced, aiming to balance inventory levels while maintaining production efficiency. Methods: This study employs a discrete event simulation method using Arena software to analyze the impact of implementing a hybrid push/pull production system at PT XYZ. The research utilizes company data from October 2016 to compare the efficiency of different production scenarios. Findings: Findings indicate that adopting a hybrid push/pull production system significantly reduces inventory costs while preventing backorders. The system modifies the upstream process by transitioning from forecast-based production to a pull system that aligns with actual demand. Meanwhile, the push system remains in use for raw materials and semi-finished components to ensure production continuity. Additionally, worker and machine utilization decreased, allowing the company to reallocate resources for other product lines, thereby enhancing production capacity. Conclusion: The study concludes that implementing a hybrid push/pull production system provides PT XYZ with a competitive advantage by reducing operational costs without compromising demand fulfillment. However, this system requires careful inventory tracking and employee adaptation. In the long run, reduced storage costs lead to substantial savings. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this research lies in its application of hybrid push/pull production to an SME automotive manufacturer in Indonesia, demonstrating its effectiveness in reducing costs and improving resource utilization.
Socio-economic determinants of willingness to pay for safe and sustainable water supply in coastal urban areas
Get PDFBackground: In many urban developing countries, the main obstacle to expanding and providing piped water supply is the cost to consumers. The coastal area of Bandar Lampung City is a slum seaside area that has a poor piped clean water supply system that requires improvements to various aspects of the system. So it is important to estimate the Willingness to Pay of the community to improve the quality of sustainable clean water which is determined by their socio-economic characteristics. The purpose of this study is to identify the amount of willingness of the residents of the coastal area of Bandar Lampung City to improve the quality of clean water. Methods: The analytical method used is descriptive quantitative with Willingness calculations and binary logistic regression. This study will take a sample of 100 families living in Teluk Betung Selatan District, Teluk Betung Timur, Bumi Waras District, and Panjang District as areas that are in direct contact with the coastal area of Bandar Lampung City. Finding: The results of this study indicate that the average willingness of PDAM customers to pay to improve the quality of clean water is IDR 99,000 with gender and number of family members. Meanwhile, for residents who are prospective PDAM customers, the average willingness to pay is IDR 130,283 and the influencing factors are age and type of work. Conclusion: It can be seen that the willingness of the community to improve the quality of drinking water is quite high. The results of this study are as a reference for relevant stakeholders to improve the quality of clean water due to the high willingness of the community to pay in the coastal area of Bandar Lampung City. Novelty/Originality of this article:The novelty of this study lies in its contextual analysis of community willingness to pay for clean water improvement in coastal urban slum areas, an aspect rarely examined in previous research on water economics in Indonesia
The role of actors in the innovation diffusion process of Celugam products
Get PDFBackground: This study explores the roles of various actors in the innovation diffusion process of Celugam, a traditional textile product in Liwa City, West Lampung Regency. Celugam holds high cultural value and local economic potential, yet its innovation dissemination faces challenges such as limited artisan regeneration, restricted market access, and insufficient policy attention. Method: Using a descriptive qualitative approach and Rogers’ diffusion of innovation theory, the study analyzes five key stages: knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation, and confirmation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and content analysis. Findings reveal that the diffusion process is gradual and involves three main actors: artisans as innovators, government as facilitators, and the community as end users. Finding: Artisans contribute through production technique transformation and product diversification, while the government provides training, equipment, and promotional access. The community’s adoption is shaped by cultural values and social validation. The main challenges include low youth interest and suboptimal marketing strategies. The study recommends stakeholder synergy, digital-based promotion, and artisan regeneration programs to ensure Celugam’s sustainability as a culturally rooted creative economic product. These findings serve as a foundation for inclusive and sustainable local economic development policies. Conclusion: This study concludes that the diffusion of Celugam innovation in Liwa City reflects a dynamic interaction between cultural preservation and creative economic adaptation. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this study lies in its application of Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation Theory to a traditional textile context, offering an interdisciplinary perspective that bridges cultural heritage studies and innovation diffusion frameworks
From awareness to action: Understanding urban community participation in tree planting initiatives
Get PDFBackground: Tree planting activities in urban areas are an important strategy to enhance the environmental quality for the communities living in those regions. Tree planting offers numerous benefits that can be experienced in daily life, which is why it is essential to raise awareness, particularly among urban communities, to engage in tree planting around their residential area. In addition to the benefits gained from tree planting, there are also potential drawbacks that can arise from planting trees in urban areas. This article aims to examine the awareness behaviour of tree planting and the barriers faced by urban communities in this regard. Methods: Through a literature review and a study of the perceptions of the community in Tangerang City, this research identifies the factors influencing individual decisions to engage in tree planting and measures the positive impacts generated by such initiatives. Findings: The primary motivations of residents for tree planting are to improve air quality, reduce temperatures, and simultaneously enhance the beauty and aesthetics of the surrounding environment. Additionally, participation in urban tree planting is often influenced by environmental awareness, community support, and government policies. Some of the benefits of tree planting include improved air quality, CO2 emission absorption from human activities, and the enhancement of green spaces that positively impact public health. Conclusions: This study concludes that increasing awareness of the benefits of tree planting, along with support from the government and communities, can encourage broader participation in these activities. Policy recommendations include promoting tree planting programs, providing incentives for participants, and strengthening cooperation among stakeholders, all of which are expected to achieve more optimal outcomes in urban environmental management. Novelty/Originality of this Article: This study offers a novel perspective by exploring the awareness behavior and barriers faced by urban communities in tree planting, particularly in Tangerang City, Indonesia. Unlike previous studies that primarily focus on environmental impacts, this research integrates social perceptions to provide a comprehensive understanding of community motivations and challenges
Spatial risk assessment of population density and land use: Challenges and solutions for sustainable urban development
Get PDFBackground: The growth of major cities is directly related to the increasing population and rising density. The Special Capital Region (DKI) of Jakarta is the most densely populated, with 15,292 people/km² and a population growth rate of 1.11% per year. Land use in Kapuk Village consists of five main types, including residential, religious, socio-cultural, commercial, and other uses. The dominant land use in Kapuk Village is for residential purposes, covering an area of 2.566 km². Kapuk Village is the most densely populated village in Indonesia. Building density is related to the number of residents living in the area. Kapuk Village has the highest population, with a total of 174,349 people and a population density of 34,014 people/km². Vertical housing is a spatial planning concept where housing is built upward and can address land limitations in urban areas. According to data from the Jakarta Provincial Government, slum settlements in Kapuk Village cover an area of 2,594 km² or approximately 50.57% of the total area of Kapuk Village. Methods: This study employs a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis, integrating literature reviews and secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency and Jakarta Provincial Government. Spatial analysis techniques are applied using land use maps, building density maps, and slum settlement distributions to examine the correlation between population density and urban development patterns. Findings: The study reveals that residential land dominates Kapuk Village, covering 2,566 km², with slum areas comprising 50.57% of the total land. High building density contributes to limited open spaces and increased surface temperatures, affecting urban livability. The demand for social services, education, and healthcare surpasses available facilities, worsening urban disparities. The study also identifies the potential of vertical housing as a sustainable solution to accommodate the growing population. Conclusion: The research highlights the urgent need for strategic urban planning to address land use inefficiencies and mitigate the negative impacts of overpopulation. Vertical housing, combined with improved infrastructure and social services, can enhance urban resilience. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study provides a comprehensive spatial analysis of population density and land use in Kapuk Village, highlighting the direct impact on urban sustainability. It offers a novel perspective on integrating land use planning with social and environmental factors to promote better urban management strategies