OJS Karolinum (Charles University)
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Tense Interactions in Times of Uncertainty
Get PDFThis thematic issue sheds light on navigations of otherness and relations of mistrust during times of uncertainty and insecurity. These often-tense interactions take many shapes and occur within, as well as across, boundaries set in terms of ethnicity, religion, kinship, gender, political ideology, citizenship status, health risk, and contagion. As the articles in this issue demonstrate, during such uncertain times, people search for ways to negotiate tensions surrounding the relationship between sameness and otherness (Bauman 2001). This involves navigating various challenges, especially when crossing borders or symbolic boundaries, while carefully following the processes involved in creating and maintaining them. Additionally, individuals may have to face inequalities, structural violence, xenophobia, and rising extremism. Furthermore, they may need to negotiate issues of mistrust and risk in contexts of contagion, illness, and (mis)information. And, sadly, many people are forced to navigate the effects of critical events (Das 1995) on their everyday life and social relationships in contexts of conflict and crisis
Stopping the “Virus of the Gypsy Emptiness”: Racialization of the Bulgarian Roma During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Bulgaria
Get PDFIn Bulgaria, such as in many other European countries, the so-called “Gypsy/Roma” are the target of the rhetoric of extreme right parties who are pointing at them as the main responsible for a situation of crisis and fueling hate between groups. With the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic, the already existing tension between the majority of Bulgarians with non Roma origin and the so-called Tsigani has intensified and been fueled by political discourses that urge to “close the ghettos everywhere” (A. Dzhambaski, 18.03.2020) which have been translated into safety measures – such as closure, disinfection and introduction of a system of control access to the neighborhoods where the “population of Roma origin” is supposed to live. By analyzing an official discourse of this kind and comments and reactions to it, we will see how the stereotypes concerning Bulgarian Roma are legitimated by institutional voices that are alimenting antigypsism (Wippermann, 2005; Knudsen, 2005, Nicolae, 2006, Piasere, 2010; 2011). We will try to see these attitude as consisting in a semiotic process of categorization and enregistrement (Agha, 2007) through which particular features of individuals are identified as typical of the group they are supposed to belong to
Report from the Visegrad Fund Workshop in Bratislava
Get PDFOn the 23rd and 24th of March 2023, the Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences of Comenius University (FSEV UK) in Bratislava hosted an interesting and enriching hybrid workshop. It was organized on the occasion of a Visegrad Fund project entitled “Assessing the study of religious change in Central-Eastern Europe: New fields in the study of religious change in Central-Eastern Europe”. During the two days, junior and senior researchers discussed issues related to religion and spirituality, as well as religious changes and processes in V4 countries. The primary goals of the project were to “strengthen cooperation between scholars in the field of religion in the V4 [countries], to make current research in this field of study visible, and to support social dialogue on religious changes in [the given] regions” (FSV UK 2023). The primary goal of the organizers of the workshop was to create a safe environment where young researchers could receive constructive feedback and potential suggestions for improvement, which could then strengthen their experience and interest in their given field of study
Didactic Game Focused on the Period of Czech National Revival Applicableduring Distance Teaching
No full textČlánek pojednává o didaktické hře, která je aplikovatelná v rámci středoškolského vzdělávání v prezenční i v distanční formě výuky. Obsahem didaktické hry je komplexní učivo středních škol vztahující se k literárněhistorickému kontextu českého národního obrození. Didaktická hra reflektuje aktuální požadavky moderní výuky, pracuje s heuristickými metodami, moderními technologiemi a klade důraz na získávání vědomostí na herních principech, nikoli na základě mechanického kódování.Th e article discusses a didactic game suitable for the secondary educationframework. Th is didactic game is applicable in in-person learning as wellas in distance learning. Th e content of the didactic game is a comprehensivesecondary school curriculum related to the literary-historical context of Th eCzech National Revival. Th e didactic game refl ects the current requirementsof modern teaching, it works with heuristic methods and modern technologies.Th e game emphasizes the acquisition of knowledge based on game principles,not on mechanical memorization
Deliberate Teaching of Collocations – an Intervention Study of Czech Upper-Intermediate EFL Students
Get PDFZnalost kolokací je prokazatelně nedostatečná i u středně pokročilých a pokročilých studentů angličtiny jako cizího jazyka, z čehož vyplývá, že těmto lexikálním prvkům není ve výuce věnována dostatečná pozornost. K řešení tohoto problému jsme navrhli dvanáctitýdenní výukovou intervenci, v níž byli účastníci (39 studentů Univerzity Karlovy) rozděleni do dvou skupin: experimentální skupiny s intenzivním explicitním zaměřením na kolokace (20) a kontrolní skupiny bez zaměření na kolokace (19). Studenti byli rozděleni tak, aby byly skupiny srovnatelné z hlediska proměnných, které nejvíce ovlivňují proces učení, a to cizojazyčných schopností, úzkosti,motivace a strategií učení. Výsledky ukázaly, že experimentální skupina dosáhla výrazně vyšších skórů v oblasti znalosti kolokací. V porozumění významům slov nebyl mezi skupinami zjištěn žádný významný rozdíl. Záměrná výuka kolokací se systematickým opakováním a procvičováním se tak ukázala být efektivnější než výuka zaměřená na význam jednotlivých slov.Collocation knowledge is claimed to be poor even among upper-intermediate and advanced learners of English as a second language, which implies that not enough attention is being drawn to these lexical items in lessons. To address this problem, we designed a 12-week teaching intervention in which the participants (39 students of Charles University in Prague) were divided into two groups: an experimental group with an intensive explicit collocation focus (20) and a control group with no such care dedicated to collocations (19). Th e division of the students was performed in such a way that the groups were equal in terms of the variables whichtend to infl uence the learning process the most, namely language aptitude, anxiety, motivation, and learning strategies. Th e results showed that the experimental group achieved signifi cantly higher scores for collocation knowledge. No signifi cant diff erence was found between the groups in understanding of word meanings. Deliberate teaching of collocations with systematic revisionand practice thus proved to be more eff ective than meaning-focused teaching of individual words
Uncertainty in education
Get PDFNejistota je součást a důsledek myšlení more geometrico, které je základem novověku. Je třeba se vrátit k věcem samým, k věcnému myšlení a k životu z vlastního pramene.Uncertainty is a part and a consequence of thinking more geometrico, which is the basis of the modern age. It is necessary to return to things themselves, to substantive thinking, and to life from one’s own source
Since a Dialogue We Have Been!
Get PDFJsme rozhovorem! (Seit ein Gespräch wir sind!). – Fenomenologická analýza řeči ukazuje na chybnou interpretaci řeckého termínu alétheia jako něčeho odkrytého namísto původního významu neskrytosti. Je to právě řeč, která je zodpovědná za to, že se věci skrývají a nevystupují na povrch. Původní platónská latence však byla v naší filosofické tradici nahrazena zapomněním, takže jsme k této původní latenci všichni ztratili vztah.Since a Dialogue We Have Been!. – Phenomenological analysis of speech shows a misinterpretation of Greek term alétheia as something uncovered instead of original meaning of not to be hidden. It is the speech itself, which is responsible for hiding and keeping things not coming into open. But original Platonic latency has been replaced by an oblivion in our philosophical tradition so we all have lost a relation to this original latency
Again to the Idea of the Good in Platonic-Aristotelian Philosophy
Get PDFZnovu k ideji Dobra mezi Platónem a Aristotelem. – Článek se zabývá výkladem nejdůležitějších pojmů západní filosofie, pojmů Dobro a Pravda. Klíčové příspěvky k této problematice patří Platónovi a Aristotelovi. Jakkoli je jejich přístup odlišný, můžeme nalézt mnoho společných předpokladů, které jsou při tázání po Pravdě stále považovány za platné, jakkoli byli tito dva autoři hodnoceni rozdílně, a dokonce považováni za antagonisty.Again to the Idea of the Good in Platonic-Aristotelian Philosophy. – The article deals with interpretation of the most important concepts in western philosophy, the concepts of Good and Truth. The key contributions to this problem belong to Plato and Aristotle. However their approach is different, we can find many common presumptions, which are still considered to be valid in the questioning about Truth, no matter how differently were these two authors appraised and even considered antagonistic
A Teacher as an Authority, an Authority as a Teacher
Get PDFUčiteľ ako autorita, autorita ako učiteľ. – Článok sa zaoberá problémami autority vo vzdelávaní a všeobecne, podľa Heideggera a Patočku. Rozdiely medzi autoritou a autoritatívnosťou, úlohou dialógu medzi učiteľom a jeho žiakmi.A Teacher as an Authority, an Authority as a Teacher. – According to Heidegger and Patočka, article deals with problems of authority in education and in general. The differences between authority and authoritativeness. The role of the dialogue between teacher and his students
Boundaries and Constraints: Complexity as a Philosophical Problem
Get PDFMeze a omezení: komplexita jako filosofický problém. – Článek je pokusem o reflexi nepředmětné povahy prostředí a možností, jak nabývat poznatků „o něm“. V zájmu o vztahy utvářející kontext existence (spíše než o jednotlivá jsoucna a dynamiku jejich mechanisticky pojatého pohybu) jsou překračovány meze, které ale vymezují hranice spolehlivosti odborného, vědecky podloženého pohledu. Neurčitost, jež se pak přičítá komplexním systémům, proměňuje i cesty myšlení; ukazuje se však také jako skutečný a plodný koncept v době, kdy „ovládání“ životodárných zdrojů prostředí stále více projevuje svou zhoubnou povahu.Boundaries and Constraints: Complexity as a Philosophical Problem. – The article attempts to reflect the inner character of the environment (described as a “non-object”) and possibilities how to acquire knowledge “about” it. While interested in the context of existence and relationships of individual beings (rather than individual beings themselves – and their mechanistically conceived movement), the limits are surpassed, that delimit reliability of the scientifically guaranteed view. Uncertainty that is attributed to the complex systems changes not only paths of thinking; it proves to be the real and fertile concept recently, when control over the life supporting resources of environment appears as a still more disastrous approach