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Social participation in inclusive physical education: On the importance of class, teaching methods and teacher characteristics (SGS Dissertation Prize 2023)
No full textInclusive education aims to give all children access to the general education system, regardless of their disposition, and thereby reduce social exclusion. The aim is to achieve equal participation in society called for in the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. In many countries, including Switzerland, this has led to the increased integration of children with special educational needs into mainstream schools in recent years. However, studies show that the social participation of children with special educational needs in inclusive classes is often accompanied by challenges. Compared to their peers, children with special educational needs have fewer interactions and friendships and are less accepted. In particular, children with intellectual disabilities are at risk of social exclusion.
Regarding reduced social participation, inclusive physical education is seen as having a particular potential to promote this participation. However, joint teaching alone is no guarantee that children with and without special educational needs are equally involved in social processes in their class. In inclusive physical education, social exclusion can be particularly visible and tangible, as the learners' physicality is more in focus than in other subjects. In inclusion research, it is therefore of interest how social participation can be promoted. In the field of inclusive physical education with children with intellectual disabilities, however, there is hardly any empirical knowledge on this. This dissertation addresses this research gap and investigates how aspects of social participation of children with intellectual disabilities are shaped in inclusive physical education and which factors are related to them.
The data for the three manuscripts submitted for the dissertation all come from the SoPariS research project, which focuses on inclusive physical education with children with intellectual disabilities. In 2019, a cross-sectional study with quantitative questionnaires was conducted for pupils and physical education teachers, surveying 109 primary school classes (3rd-6th grade). Multilevel regressions and social network analysis show that children with intellectual disabilities receive significantly less social interaction (Furrer et al., 2021, 2020) and are less accepted (Furrer et al., in press) than their peers without disability. At the same time, there are fewer social interactions in physical education than in classroom teaching (Furrer et al., in press). The individual reference norm orientation of the physical education teacher is positively related to social acceptance and social interactions, whereby these are particularly increased for children with intellectual disabilities. Furthermore, teaching cooperative norms is positively related to children's social acceptance (Furrer et al., 2020). However, social interactions are not related to the physical education teacher's attitude towards inclusive teaching (Furrer et al., 2021). Finally, social interactions in both physical education and classroom teaching are positively related to classroom climate (Furrer et al., in press).
In summary, it can be stated that the investigated aspects of social participation of children with intellectual disabilities are significantly lower than those of children without intellectual disabilities, even in inclusive physical education at primary school level. Specifically, social interactions and acceptance are below average. However, factors could be identified that are positively related to social participation. The great challenge of integrating children with special educational needs is to make teachers aware of the importance of social processes in the classroom and to train and develop them in this area. While the manuscripts of this dissertation provide valuable insights into the promotion of social participation of children with special educational needs in inclusive classrooms, further longitudinal intervention studies are needed to investigate the direction of impact of these factors and to show change over time
Changing students’ explicit and implicit attitudes toward peers with disabilities: Effects of a curriculum-based intervention programme
Get PDFNegative peer attitudes are a significant barrier to social participation of students with disabilities in inclusive classrooms. Although many intervention studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of interaction or disability awareness programmes in promoting positive peer attitudes, reliance on students’ self-reported attitudes is prone to social desirability bias and is unable to capture implicit prejudice. The present study examined changes in students’ explicit and implicit attitudes toward peers with disabilities after a curriculum-based intervention programme (“Prinzip Vielfalt”), which aims to promote an open-minded attitude toward human diversity. Teachers in 12 primary school classes in the experimental group (n = 195 students) used the programme for eight weeks, whereas a control group of 12 classes (n = 191 students) used no intervention. Students’ pre- and post-intervention attitudes were assessed using an adapted version of the Chedoke–McMaster Attitudes Towards Children with Handicaps Scale and a disability Implicit Association Test for children. Post-intervention analyses revealed a significant relative improvement in explicit attitudes toward peers with disabilities in the experimental group compared to the control group (b = 0.20, 95% CI = [0.03; 0.37]) but no change in implicit attitudes (b = -0.03, 95% CI = [-0.10; 0.03]). Thus, while the intervention positively affected self-reported attitudes, implicit negative associations were unchanged. Using explicit and implicit measures of attitudes and attitude changes among children can provide valuable insights into the mechanisms and effectiveness of different intervention strategies
« Il ne faut pas trop tarder … Man darf nicht zu lange warten»: Sprachvermittlung als elterliche Kompetenz
Get PDFUnterwegs. Das bin ich. Das kann ich. Da will ich hin
No full textDas neu entwickelte Lehr- und Lernmittel «Unterwegs» unterstützt junge Menschen mit Flucht-/Migrationshintergrund darin, ihre neue Umgebung und sich selbst besser kennenzulernen. Das Zusammenspiel von Selbst- und Fremdreflexion (Das bin ich.) und von Anerkennung und Ressourcenorientierung (Das kann ich.) sowie die Entwicklung von Zukunftsperspektiven (Da will ich hin.) fördern den Erwerb von Life Skills, die berufliche Orientierung und den Erwerb der deutschen Sprache.
Das Arbeitsbuch gliedert sich in sechs Module, in denen sich die Lernenden mit ihren Stärken und Wünschen auseinandersetzen, klären, welcher Beruf der richtige für sie sein könnte, und erfahren, was sie dafür noch lernen müssen. «Unterwegs» beinhaltet zudem ein Portfolio, in dem die Lernenden bestehende Kompetenzen ausweisen und persönliche Ressourcen aufzeigen können
Bericht zur "Zukunftswerkstatt zur digitalen Hochschullehre 2.0: Musik(pädagogik) digital lehren und lernen"
Get PDFWhich factors shape public climate policy support? A social-motivational perspective
No full textBehavioral public policy refers to interventions aimed at steering people's behavior toward broader goals like climate protection. By influencing environmentally helpful and harmful behavior, such policy can play an essential role in creating necessary individual behavior change. For instance, a policy can subsidize public transportation passes or prohibit private motor vehicles in city centers. However, political feasibility depends upon public attitudes and reactions, and decision-makers may be reluctant to implement policies that lack public support. Which factors, then, shape public policy support? This is a central question researched by environmental psychologists. In this piece, we describe and propose an extension to extant perspectives, taking a social-motivational approach to understanding public support for behavioral climate policy. We begin by outlining how characteristics of people and their social surroundings shape policy support. We then describe our own empirical work showing how people’s own motivations, as well as their perception of others’ environmental behavior, influence whether they support policy to address climate change. In short, our work shows that conceptualizing climate change mitigation as an important personal goal and perceiving others’ environmental behavior as insufficient is associated with stronger policy support, beyond environmental attitudes and risk perception. Lastly, we draw on these findings to make suggestions for climate policy framing and communication
From Scribbles to Script: Graphomotor Skills’ Impact on Spelling in Early Primary School
Get PDFThe acquisition of handwriting skills is a crucial goal in early primary school. Yet our comprehension of handwriting development, encompassing graphomotor skills and spelling, remains fragmented. The identification of predictors for handwriting skills is essential for providing early support. This longitudinal study aimed to explore the predictive roles of gender, working memory, and motivation to handwrite for graphomotor skills six months later and spelling skills one year later. Paper-and-pencil tasks (graphomotor skills, spelling), a tablet task (working memory), and a questionnaire (teachers’ ratings of children’s handwriting motivation) were employed. This study included 363 first-grade children (49.8% girls) aged 6–9 years. Results from a structural equation model, controlling for age and socioeconomic background, revealed that girls exhibited superior performance in graphomotor skills, while boys tended to spell more accurately. Furthermore, working memory predicted graphomotor skills but not spelling. Additionally, motivation to handwrite predicted both first-grade graphomotor skills and second-grade spelling. This study extends contemporary evidence, demonstrating that graphomotor skills predict spelling while considering gender and motivation. The findings underscore the pivotal role of graphomotor skills in spelling acquisition and suggest their contribution to spelling difficulties
Das Potenzial der Vielfalt im selbst organisierten Lernen nutzen
Get PDFDer vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Einblick, wie selbst organisiertes Lernen auf die Verschiedenheit der Schülerinnen und Schüler beim Lernen am Gemeinsamen Gegenstand „Was ist für mich ein guter Kauf?“ eingegangen wird. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf der Selbst- und Fremdsteuerung. Individuelle Erkenntnisse werden in der Gemeinschaft zusammengeführt und zum Gemeinsamen erschlossen
La didactique des langues dans la formation initiale des enseignant.e.s en Suisse : quelles postures scientifiques face aux pratiques de terrain?
No full textThe concerns about inclusive education scale: Dimensionality, factor structure, and development of a short-form version (CIES-SF)
Get PDFTeachers play a vital role in the implementation of inclusive education, and understanding where they have worries is essential to researchers and policymakers likewise. The Concerns about Inclusive Education Scale (CIES) is a frequently used scale globally to examine teachers’ concerns but yielded mixed results regarding its factor structure. Using a large teacher sample (N1 = 538), we analyzed its factor structure and made modifications informed by our analysis. Results favored a recently proposed factor solution over the original one. Based on this solution, a short form was created, which reduces the CIES length by 42%. It demonstrated excellent model fit in an additional validation sample (N2 = 537), and efficiently and comprehensively assesses teacher concerns about inclusive education