REPO PHBern
Not a member yet
    4109 research outputs found

    Promoting Inclusion Via Cross‐Group Friendship: The mediating role of change in trust and sympathy

    No full text
    To understand the conditions fostering positive outcomes of inclusive schooling, this two-wave study examined the role of individual change in trust and sympathy for adolescents' cross-group friendships and inclusive attitudes toward students with low academic achievement. Cross-group friendships, intergroup trust, intergroup sympathy, and inclusive attitudes were obtained from surveys completed by 1,122 Swiss adolescents (Mage T1 = 11.54 years, Mage T2 = 12.58 years) from 61 school classes. Results from a parallel latent change score model revealed that the number of cross-group friendships positively related to individual change in trust and sympathy; this growing trust and sympathy in turn predicted adolescents' inclusive attitudes. These findings are discussed regarding theories of intergroup contact and inclusive schooling

    The impact of modernization and labor market conditions on the school-to-work transition in Switzerland: A dynamic analysis of the period from 1946 to 2002

    Get PDF
    The transition from the education system into the labor market is a significant and sensitive phase in the life course of young generations given the long-term consequences of work history and impact on future opportunities (Blossfeld 1985, 1987; DiPrete et al. 2001). It is undisputed that the school-to-work transition depends on individual resources, such as social background and attained educational qualification (Buchmann and Sacchi 1998; Jann and Combet 2012; R. Becker and Zangger 2013) and on the structure and organization of the education and the employment system as well as their institutional linkage (Allmendinger 1989; Kerckhoff 1995; Shavit and Müller 2000; Wolbers 2007). In addition, opportunities to attain specific educational credentials and returns to investments in education at the beginning of the occupational career vary over time (e.g., Blau and Duncan 1967). They affect the patterns of labor market entry and the status attainment in the course of people’s occupational career, and indicate the openness of the class structure across birth cohorts (Blossfeld 1987; Sørensen 1986; Shavit and Müller 1998). However, this time dependency of these trajectories has often been neglected in previous empirical research. Therefore, there is limited information on the probability and process through which individuals accept profitable employment and the social status they achieve when they enter the labor market. In addition, it is important to understand how these factors are related to (1) the long-term social changes with respect to modernization (e.g., educational expansion, tertiarization of professions and industries, and increasing social welfare), (2) the economic business cycles in the post-war period (e.g., boom periods, recessions resulting from oil price shocks, dot- com and real estate bubbles, financial and bank crises), and (3) the fluctuating state of the labor market (e.g., decrease in full time employment, increasing youth unemployment). In this chapter, the transition of different birth cohorts into the labor market is reconstructed as a dynamic process that is time-dependent on the (a) transition duration from the education system to the first job (age or life-cycle effect), (b) period-specific changes of labor market conditions, the level of modernity in the economy, and the social structure after completing education (period effect), and (c) the economic and social conditions at the time of achieving educational qualifications (cohort effect). The age-period-cohort (APC) analysis aims to answer the following questions with respect to Switzerland in the period from 1946 to 2002: (1) What is the role of the modernization trend and economic business cycles in determining the speed of transition and the likelihood of attaining a prestigious job? (2) Are there still direct effects of social background and educational qualification across cohorts on the likelihood of graduates starting their career and achieving status in their first jobs if the modernization trend and economic business cycle are taken into account? (3) Despite the increasing uncertainty due to globalization and labor market competition, are the institutional arrangements of the education system and its linkage to the labor markets effective in providing “safety roads” for young professionals to start their career? The remainder of this contribution is organized as follows. In the next section, the theoretical background is briefly outlined. Subsequently, the data, operationalization of the variables, methodological design, and statistical procedure are presented. The empirical results are discussed in the fourth section and the findings are summarized in the final concluding section

    Mobbing in der Schule – erkennen und handeln

    No full text
    Mobbing ist ein Gruppenphänomen, welches nicht nur die Opfer und Täterinnen bzw. Täter, sondern die ganze Klasse betrifft. Mobbing ist eine spezielle Form aggressiven Verhaltens, das sich systematisch gegen ein bestimmtes Kind richtet. Das Opfer ist dabei unterlegen, kann sich kaum wehren und wird über einen längeren Zeitraum schikaniert. Mobbing zu unterbinden, ist Aufgabe von Lehrpersonen. In einigen Fällen reagieren Lehrpersonen jedoch nicht oder viel zu spät, weil sie Mobbing nicht erkennen oder nicht wissen, was tun. Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet das Phänomen und zeigt auf, wie adäquat auf Mobbingsituationen reagiert werden kann

    Wie durchlässig ist die Schweizer Berufsbildung wirklich?

    Get PDF
    Die Schweizer (Berufs-)Bildungspolitik prägt mit unterschiedlichen Initiativen und Kampagnen seit rund 20 Jahren den Begriff der Durchlässigkeit. Die damit verbundene Idee, dass junge Personen mit unterschiedlicher Vorbildung im Bildungssystem vielfältige Abschlüsse erreichen können, gelangte mit Slogans wie «Kein Abschluss ohne Anschluss» in den öffentlichen Sprachgebrauch. Eine kritische Analyse zeigt, dass namentlich die Berufsmaturität die in sie gesetzten Hoffnungen nur teilweise erfüllen kann. Der Abschluss einer BM I oder II hängt bei vergleichbaren Leistungen (in standardisierten Tests) in hohem Masse vom sozioökonomischen Status der Eltern, dem Geschlecht, den Bildungsaspirationen und dem besuchten Schultyp auf der Sekundarstufe I ab

    Eine Mehrebenenanalyse zur Schülerwahrnehmung von Störungen im Unterricht der Klassen- und einer Fachlehrperson

    No full text
    In einer Studie mit 1290 Schülerinnen und Schülern aus 83 Klassen wurde mittels konfirmatorischer Mehrebenen-Faktorenanalyse untersucht, wie Schülerinnen und Schüler aggressive und nicht aggressive Störungen im Unterricht der Klassenlehrperson und im Unterricht einer Fachlehrperson wahrnehmen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass die Intraklassenkorrelationen der Schülerurteile ausreichend hoch waren, um von einer geteilten Unterrichtswahrnehmung zu sprechen. Die Schülerinnen und Schüler differenzierten vier Dimensionen von Unterrichtsstörungen: nicht aggressive Schülerstörungen, aggressives Schülerverhalten, aggressives Verhalten der Lehrperson sowie Störungen des methodisch-didaktischen Settings. Die Schülerinnen und Schüler berichteten im Unterricht der Fachlehrperson mehr Störungen des methodisch-didaktischen Settings, eine weniger ausgeprägte Beziehung und mehr Schwierigkeiten in der Klassenführung, jedoch weniger Schüleraggression als im Unterricht der Klassenlehrperson. Insgesamt weisen die Ergebnisse auf eine gute Konstruktvalidität hin

    InliAnTe: Instrument für die linguistische Analyse von Textkommentierungen

    No full text
    Giving feedback on texts is a common method of supporting the writing process in different contexts. It involves using language in two different ways: It focuses on language and textual phenomena in the draft of the text, and is itself a communicative activity expressed through language. This double relationship with language has not, however, until now been taken into account systematically and comprehensively enough in either writing courses or research on feedback. This article presents an instrument for analysing students’ written commentaries on texts in peer feedback processes. By combining different linguistic methods, the instrument enables the identification of those characteristics of the text commentaries that are didactically relevant. The analysis distinguishes in each case between the places marked in the text draft and the commentaries. Those phenomena in the draft text that the feedback-givers react to in their commentaries are identified through text analysis. In addition, a pragmatic analysis of the commentary texts reveals how the feedback-givers draft their commentaries linguistically when, for example, encouraging the original author to revise the text. Applying the instrument to describe text commentaries should contribute to making theoretical modelling more exact, as well as to an empirically-based way of teaching how to comment on texts in peer-feedback processes

    585

    full texts

    4,109

    metadata records
    Updated in last 30 days.
    REPO PHBern
    Access Repository Dashboard
    Do you manage Open Research Online? Become a CORE Member to access insider analytics, issue reports and manage access to outputs from your repository in the CORE Repository Dashboard! 👇