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Last phase of the Little Ice Age forced by volcanic eruptions
No full textDuring the first half of the nineteenth century, several large tropical volcanic eruptions occurred within less than three decades. The global climate effects of the 1815 Tambora eruption have been investigated, but those of an eruption in 1808 or 1809 whose source is unknown and the eruptions in the 1820s and 1830s have received less attention. Here we analyse the effect of the sequence of eruptions in observations, global three-dimensional climate field reconstructions and coupled climate model simulations. All the eruptions were followed by substantial drops of summer temperature over the Northern Hemisphere land areas. In addition to the direct radiative effect, which lasts 2–3 years, the simulated ocean–atmosphere heat exchange sustained cooling for several years after these eruptions, which affected the slow components of the climate system. Africa was hit by two decades of drought, global monsoons weakened and the tracks of low-pressure systems over the North Atlantic moved south. The low temperatures and increased precipitation in Europe triggered the last phase of the advance of Alpine glaciers. Only after the 1850s did the transition into the period of anthropogenic warming start. We conclude that the end of the Little Ice Age was marked by the recovery from a sequence of volcanic eruptions, which makes it difficult to define a single pre-industrial baseline
Opportunities for learning and career development after IVET: A latent profile analysis
Get PDFDrawing from research on formal, informal and nonformal learning this paper studies opportunities for learning and career development after initial VET of 762 employees in Switzerland. It is explored, a) whether typical career profiles exist that are characterised by different potentials for learning and career development; b) whether profile membership can be predicted by development-oriented work values and individual resources; and c) how employees in different profiles evaluate their career. Results from latent profile analyses suggested four profiles which differ regarding the opportunities to learn in work, to engage in further training and to advance in the organisation. Individual resources and especially the level of formal education predicted profile membership only weakly. Employees in high potential profiles were more satisfied with their job and career than employees in low potential profiles. The results advance a more integrated view about learning and development opportunities in the early professional career
Trends in Vocational Education and Training Research, Vol. II. Proceedings of the European Conference on Educational Research (ECER), Vocational Education and Training Network (VETNET)
Get PDFVon der Krisendiagnose zum Turnaround: Schulentwicklung im Anschluss an kritische Evaluationen
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Rezension zu: Quarfood, Christine: Montessoris pedagogiska imperium. Kulturkritik och politik i mellankrigstidens Montessorirörelse
No full textSchule und Eltern: Eine ethnographische Untersuchung der Anerkennungsbeziehungen zwischen Lehrpersonen und Eltern
No full textTweeted anger predicts county-level results of the 2016 United States presidential election
Get PDFIn the aftermath of the 2016 United States presidential election, experts and journalists speculated that angry voters had supported the unexpected winner Donald Trump. The present study used a sample of 148 million tweets posted by U.S. citizens from across 1,347 counties, classified with regard to emotional content, to predict the election results at county level. As expected, Donald Trump received more support in counties where people tweeted more anger and negative emotions, even when various county characteristics and conservative vote choice in the preceding presidential election were controlled. These findings might be an outcome of emotional resonance—voters being attracted by political appeals that match their emotions—because Trump used more anger and negative emotion words in his campaign than the other presidential candidates in 2012 and 2016. The findings suggest that negative emotions played a critical role in the 2016 presidential election