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Warehouse layout optimization using association rules
Get PDFThe enormous growth in the online retailing has enhanced the significance of logistic processes and warehouse technology. Therefore, this study proposes a strategy for the preparation of an optimal warehouse layout, which allows the minimization of the transport and the minimization of the injury risk. The dataset utilized in this study is based on the product orders of a supplier company. An association rule analysis was used to group the frequently co-occurring products in the dataset. The apriori and FPgrowth algorithm were chosen to perform the association rule analysis. A comprehensive analysis of the orders in the period 2015-20 indicates variations in the product grouping over the years. Based on the results of this study, the warehouse layout can be continuously improved depending on the customer orders
Applicability of the fundamental principles of criminal law to the discipline acts and sanctions
No full textDisiplin hukuku kapsamında tesis edilen idari işlemler mevzuattan ve içtihattan doğan birçok temel ilkeye tabidir. Ceza hukuku alanında geçerli olduğu bilinen bu temel ilkeler, bazen farklı şekillerde de olsa disiplin hukuku alanında da uygulanabilmektedir. Çalışmamızda daha ziyade güncel yargı kararlarına yansımış, uyuşmazlık konusu ilkelere yer verilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı temel ceza hukuku ilkeleri hakkında teorik bilgiler vermekten ziyade, bu ilkelerin disiplin hukukunda ve yargı kararlarında ne şekilde karşılığını bulduğunun incelenmesi, geçmiş yıllara nazaran yargı uygulamasında bir değişiklik olup olmadığının tespit edilmesi ve söz konusu yargı kararlarının değerlendirilmesidir. Bu kapsamda özellikle içtihatta değişiklik gösteren ve mümkün oldukça en son tarihli güncel kararlara yer verilmeye çalışılmıştır.Administrative actions established within the scope of disciplinary law are subject to a number of fundamental principles arising from legislation and the case law. These principles, which are known to be valid in the field of criminal law, can also be applied in the field of disciplinary law, albeit in different ways. Essentially, the principles reflected in current judicial decisions are included in this study. Rather than providing theoretical information about the fundamental principles of criminal law, the study’s goal is to peruse how these principles correspond to case law and discipline law, to determine whether there is a change in judicial practice compared to previous years or not, and to evaluate the judicial decisions in question. It has been attempted in this context to include the most recent judicial decisions that diverge from the established case law
Smart circular supply chains to achieving SDGs for post-pandemic preparedness
No full textPurpose The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic created heavy pressure on firms, by increasing the challenges and disruptions that they have to deal with on being sustainable. For this purpose, it is aimed to reveal the role of the smart circular supply chain (SCSC) and its enablers towards achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for post-pandemic preparedness. Design/methodology/approach Total interpretive structural modelling and Matrice d'Impacts Croises Multipication Applique' a un Classement (MICMAC) have been applied to analyse the SCSC enablers which are supported by the natural-based resource view in Turkey's food industry. In this context, industry experts working in the food supply chain (meat sector) and academics came together to interpret the result and discuss the enablers that the supply chain experienced during the pandemic for creating a realistic framework for post-pandemic preparedness. Findings The results of this study show that governmental support and top management involvement are the enablers that have the most driving power on other enablers, however, none of them depend on any other enablers. Originality/value The identification of the impact and role of enablers in achieving SDGs by combining smart and circular capabilities in the supply chain for the post-pandemic.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [TUBITAK 2223-D, 1929B021800620]This work was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK 2223-D) under the grant number 1929B021800620
A Method for Automatic Android Malware Detection Based on Static Analysis and Deep Learning
No full textThe computers nowadays are being replaced by the smartphones for the most of the internet users around the world, and Android is getting the most of the smartphone systems' market. This rise of the usage of smartphones generally, and the Android system specifically, leads to a strong need to effectively secure Android, as the malware developers are targeting it with sophisticated and obfuscated malware applications. Consequently, a lot of studies were performed to propose a robust method to detect and classify android malicious software (malware). Some of them were effective, some were not; with accuracy below 90%, and some of them are being outdated; using datasets that became old containing applications for old versions of Android that are rarely used today. In this paper, a new method is proposed by using static analysis and gathering as most useful features of android applications as possible, along with two new proposed features, and then passing them to a functional API deep learning model we made. This method was implemented on a new and classified android application dataset, using 14079 malware and benign samples in total, with malware samples classified into four malware classes. Two major experiments with this dataset were implemented, one for malware detection with the dataset samples categorized into two classes as just malware and benign, the second one was made for malware detection and classification, using all the five classes of the dataset. As a result, our model overcomes the related works when using just two classes with F1-score of 99.5%. Also, high malware detection and classification performance was obtained by using the five classes, with F1-score of 97%
Alman Fedeal Vergi Mahkemesi'nin X R 57/13 no'lu ve 6 Temmuz 2016 tarihli kararı : Sözlü duruşmada (in der mündlichen verhandlung) vergisel uyuşmazlığın karşılıklı anlaşma ile sona ermesinden sonra idarece aynı içerikli değişiklik içeren bir tarhiyat (anderungsbescheids) yapılmasının çelişki yasağını (venire contra factum proprium) ihlal edip etmeyeceği hakkında
No full textVergi idaresinin demokratik bir hukuk devletinde çelişkili davranma yasağına aykırı davranmaması beklenir. Çelişkili davranma yasağı her şeyden önce iyi niyet ve dürüstlük kuralıyla ilintilidir. Yazarlarca çevirisi yapılan bu kararda Alman Federal Vergi Mahkemesi vergi idaresinin tutumunu inceleme konusu yapmış ve çelişkili davranma yasağını göz önünde bulundurarak yapılan ek vergi tarhiyatı hakkında karar vermiştir.In a democratic state of law, the tax administration is expected not to act contrary to the prohibition of contradictory behaviour. The prohibition of inconsistent behaviour is first and foremost related to the rule of good faith and honesty. In this decision translated by the authors, the German Federal Tax Court examined the behaviour of the tax administration and ruled on the additional tax assessment by taking into account the prohibition of contradictory behaviour
Finite element spine models and spinal instruments: a review
No full textThere is considerable biomechanics literature on finite element modeling and analysis of the spine. To accurately mimic the biomechanical behavior of the vertebral column, a generated computational model has to include anatomical structures that are consistent with physiological reality. In this review article, we focused on the finite element spine models that have been developed by various approaches in the literature. Firstly, the anatomical features of the spine and the spinal components have been briefly explained. We then focused on the modeling stages of vertebrae, ligaments, facet joints, intervertebral discs, and spinal instruments. With this paper, we expect to provide a comprehensive resource regarding the modeling preferences used in spine modeling
Introduction and Review on Active Structural Control
No full textThe number of stories of structures has been increased to meet the needs of people or long-span bridges are built for easier transportation. However, various destructive dynamic loads such as earthquakes and strong winds have negative effects on the structure without control systems. Therefore, control systems are necessary for these constructions. Furthermore, it is not enough for these constructions to be just safe and reliable. Constructions should be less exposed to vibrations under the influence of earthquakes and strong winds. For this reason, an external power source (activator) that can handle the large horizontal loads in these structures and a system that controls this source are needed. This study summarizes different active control systems, control techniques and studies on active structural control. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Effect of repolishing on the surface roughness and color stability of air-abraded resin composites
Get PDFAim:Air powder polishing (APP) can cause roughness on composite surfaces, and consequently the color change that occurs over time affects the aesthetic negatively. Here, we aim to investigate the effect of repolishing on the roughness and discoloration of resin composites after APP to avoid its negative effects for the first time.Methodology:A total of 39 composite discs were randomly allocated into three groups: Group I: Control (n = 13), Group II: Air Powder Polished (n = 13), and Group III: Air Powder Polished + Re-polished (n = 13). Color and surface roughness of the discs were measured before and after immersion in coffee for 1 week. Color was measured using a colorimeter (CR-400, Konica Minolta, Osaka, Japan), and roughness was measured using a surface roughness analyzer (SJ-400, Mitutoyo, Japan).Results:All specimens in the groups, except those in Group III, showed significant changes in roughness, and all materials showed significant color changes after immersion in the coffee relative to the baseline. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of roughness and color.Conclusion:In this study, we showed that repolishing after APP does not significantly improve the color stability and roughness of the composite restorations
Mechanical and wetting properties of coated paper sheets with varying polydimethylsiloxane molecular masses in the coating formulation
Get PDFCoated paper sheets were prepared by immobilizing a thin coating layer of cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and inorganic particles onto Whatman filter paper Grade 1 (WFP) substrates. Several coatings that differed in terms of their PDMS molecular masses were sprayed onto WFP substrates to investigate the effect of this variation on the (i) wettability and (ii) mechanical properties of the samples. Different samples having clay or silica particles in the coating formulation were investigated separately. Nonwettable coated paper sheets with promising mechanical properties were achieved and further investigated in terms of (iii) thermal resistance
Sermaye şirketlerinde pay sahipliğinin ispatı
Get PDFPay kavramı anonim şirketler ve limited şirketler için önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Ayrı tüzel kişiliği olan bu şirketlerde pay sahibi, sahip olduğu pay ile şirket ortağı olmakta, şirketin kendisine sağladığı hak ve borçlardan yararlanmaktadır. Sermaye şirketlerinin bağımsız bir kişiliği olmasından dolayı pay sahipleri tüzel kişiliği olmayan diğer şirketler kadar kolay tespit edilmeyebilmektedir. Kendi tüzel kişiliği bulunmayan şirketlerde ortaklar şirket adına davranmakta ve şirketin hak ve borçlarından kendi malvarlıkları ile sorumlu olmaktadırlar. Fakat sermaye şirketlerinde şirket adına davranmaya ve şirketi temsil etmeye yetkili olan organ yönetim organı olan yönetim kurulu veya müdür/müdürler kuruludur. Bu sebeple pay sahiplerinin sorumlulukları ve şirket adına hareket etme kabiliyetleri diğer şirketlere göre daha azdır. Genel kurulda alınan kararlara etki eden pay sahipleri olağan zamanlarda şirket adına davranmadıkları için pay sahipliği alelade veya hemen anlaşılabilir bir durum değildir. Pay, sahibine ortak olduğu şirkete karşı hak ve borçlara sahip olma yetkisi vermektedir. Bu hak ve borçlar pay sahibine değil paya tanınmıştır. Örneğin şirketin kâr payı dağıtmasında pay sahibi değil, elinde bulundurduğu pay önemlidir. Pay sabit kalır, pay sahibi değişkendir. Bu paya ve dolayısıyla ortaklara özgü hak ve borçlara sahip olduğunu iddia eden kişinin pay sahipliği gündeme gelecektir. Pay sahipliğini ise pay sahibinin somut olayın koşullarına göre ispatlaması gerekebilecektir. Pay sahipliğini ispatlaması gereken pay sahibi için çeşitli yollar vardır. Bu yolları çözümleyebilmek için bu tezde öncelikle payın aslen- devren kazanılması ayrımı anonim şirketler ve limited şirketler için ayrı ayrı incelenmiştir. Kaydi pay sistemi bu tezin araştırma konusu içine dahil edilmemiştir. Zira kaydi pay sisteminde pay sahipliğinin ispatlanması esas sözleşme sistemine göre daha kolay ve daha az ihtilaflı bir konudur. Anonim ve limited şirketlerde payın aslen kazanılması; kuruluşta, sermaye artırımında, birleşme, bölünme ve tür değiştirmede aslen kazanma olarak ayrılabilir. Tüm bu aslen kazanma şekillerinde önceden var olmayan bir pay meydana gelmekte ve pay sahibi bu payı kazanmaktadır. Payı edinen pay sahibi pay sahipliğini esas sözleşme, ticaret siciline tescil, pay defteri, varsa pay senedi veya ilmühaber, hazır bulunanlar listesi gibi vasıtalarla ispat edebilecektir. Anonim ve limited şirketlerde devren kazanma iradi kazanma veya devredenin iradesi aranmaksızın kazanma şeklinde gerçekleşebilir. Her iki şirket türünde de devredenin iradesi olmaksızın kazanma miras yoluyla kazanma, cebri icrayla kazanma, mahkeme kararıyla kazanma ve eşler arasındaki mal rejimi sözleşmesine dayanarak kazanma şeklinde gerçekleşebilir. Pay sahipleri bu kazanma şekillerinde pay sahipliklerini aslen kazanmada kullanılabilecek olan araçlarla veya mahkeme kararıyla, icra memuru şerhiyle, vasiyetname ile de ispat edebileceklerdir. Anonim şirketlerde iradi kazanma ise senede bağlanmamış çıplak payların devri ile, hamiline yazılı pay senetlerinin devri ile ve nama yazılı pay senetlerinin devri ile kazanılabilecektir. Çıplak paylar pay devir sözleşmesi ve zilyetliğin devri ile, hamiline yazılı pay senetleri zilyetliğin devri ve senedin teslimi ile, nama yazılı pay senetleri ise ciro ve senedin teslimi ile devredilecektir. Anonim şirketlerde pay senedinin iradi olarak devren kazanılmasında pay sahipliği özellikle pay senetleri ile ispatlanabilecektir. Limited şirketlerde ise payın iradi olarak devren kazanılması noterce onaylanmış bir devir sözleşmesi ve şirket onayı ile gerçekleşebilecektir. Burada da pay sahibi özellikle devir sözleşmesi veya genel kurul kararı ile pay sahipliğini ispatlayabilecektir.The concept of allotment has an important place for both joint-stock companies and limited companies. In these companies, which have separate legal entities, the allottee becomes a partner of the company with the allotment he owns and benefits from the rights and debts provided by the company to him. Because corporations have an independent personality, the allottees cannot be identified as easily as other companies without legal personality. In companies that do not have their own legal personality, the partners act on behalf of the company and handle the rights and debts of the company with their own assets. However, in corporations, the body allowed to act on behalf of the company and to represent the company is the board of directors or the board of directors/managers. For this reason, the responsibilities of the allottees and their ability to act on behalf of the company are less than other companies. Share ownership is not an ordinary or immediately understandable concept, as the allottees who influence the decisions taken at the general assembly do not act on behalf of the company in ordinary times. The allotment gives the owner the authority to have rights and obligations against the company. These rights and obligations are vested in the allotment, not the allottee. For example, the allottee held by the company is important, not the allotment, in the distribution of dividends. The allotment remains fixed; the allottee is variable. The allottee who claims to have this allotment, and therefore the rights and obligations specific to the partners, will come to the fore. The allottee may be required to prove the allotment ownership according to the circumstances of the concrete case. There are several ways for the allottee to prove his ownership. In order to analyze these ways, in this thesis, first, the distinction between the original and transferring the allotment is examined separately for joint-stock companies and limited companies. The dematerialized allotment system is not included in the research topic of this thesis. Because in the dematerialized allotment system, proving the share ownership is easier and less controversial than the articles of association system. Original acquisition of allotments in joint-stock companies and limited liability companies; In establishment, capital increase, merger, spin-off and type change, it can be essentially divided as winning. In all these ways of earning, an allotment that did not exist before occurred and the allottee gains this allotment. The allottee who gains the allotment will prove his ownership by the articles of association, registration with the trade registry, allotment register, allotment certificates or certificates and the list of attendees. In joint-stock and limited companies, the transfer can be realized by the will to win or to win without the will of the transferor. In both types of companies, winning without the will of the transferor can be realized as winning by inheritance, winning by forced execution, by court decision and based on the property regime agreement between the spouses. In these ways of winning, the allottees will be able to prove their allotments with the tools that can actually be used in winning, or with a court decision, with the annotation of the bailiff, and with a will. In joint-stock companies, voluntary gain can be achieved by transferring undocumented bare allotments, transferring bearer allotment certificates and transferring registered allotment certificates. Bare allotments will be transferred with the allotment transfer agreement and transfer of ownership, bearer allotment certificates will be transferred with transferring ownership and delivery of the deed, and registered allotment certificates will be transferred with the endorsement and delivery of the deed. In joint-stock companies, the allotments ownership can be proved especially by allotment certificates in the voluntary transfer of allotments. In limited companies, transferring the allotment voluntarily can be realized with a notarized transfer agreement and company approval. Here, too, the allottee will prove his allotment holding, especially with the transfer agreement or the general assembly resolution