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Performance Evaluation of Green Ports via C-IFS AHP: A Case Study in Turkey
No full textSeaports are an indispensable element of world maritime trade. All activities in the world that deal with problems such as global warming and the deteriorating ecological balance should prioritize the environment and be sustainable. The concept of the green port has inherently emerged in this direction. Various indicators can be used to assess the environmental performance of ports in a country. Seaports evaluated according to these indicators can obtain the green port title and certification. Seaports with the highest environmental sustainability performance can be scored and ranked according to the weights of the indicators. Fuzzy multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods are useful in calculating the importance of these indicators and ranking the alternative ports. Linguistic views and responses of experts can be placed as data for the proposed MCDM with a fuzzy approach. In this study, a novel methodology including circular intuitionistic fuzzy sets (C-IFS), which is newly introduced to the literature, and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach is proposed. It is aimed that the criteria weights and alternative ranking obtained as a result of this study contribute to the appraisement of the seaports in terms of environmental sustainability and enable the emergence of the aspects that are required to be improved
Plug-and-Play ADMM Based Radar Range Profile Reconstruction Using Deep Priors
No full textReconstructing a range profile from radar returns, which are both noisy and band-limited, presents a challenging and ill-posed inverse problem. Conventional reconstruction methods often involve employing matched filters in pulsed radars or performing a Fourier transform of the received signal in continuous wave radars. However, both of these approaches rely on specific models and model-based inversion techniques that may not fully leverage prior knowledge of the range profiles being reconstructed when such information is accessible. To incorporate prior distribution information of the range profile data into the reconstruction process, regularizers can be employed to encourage specific spatial patterns within the range profiles. Nevertheless, these regularizers often fall short in effectively capturing the intricate spatial correlations within the range profile data, or they may not readily allow for analytical minimization of the cost function. Recently, Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) framework has emerged as a means to provide a way of decoupling the model inversion from the regularization of the priors, enabling the incorporation of any desired regularizer into the inversion process in a plug-and-play (PnP) fashion. In this paper, we implement an ADMM framework to address the radar range profile reconstruction problem where we propose to employ a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) as a regularization method for enhancing the quality of the inversion process which usually suffers from the ill-posed nature of the problem. We demonstrate the efficacy of deep learning networks as a regularization method within the ADMM framework through our simulation results. We assess the performance of the ADMM framework employing CNN as a regularizer and conduct a comparative analysis against alternative methods under different measurement scenarios. Notably, among the methods under investigation, ADMM with CNN as a regularizer stands out as the most successful method for radar range profile reconstruction. © 2024, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved
Avrupa Konseyi Macolin Sözleşmesi ışığında uluslararası hukukta spor müsabakalarının manipülasyonu
No full textSporun en temel özelliklerinden birisi sonucunun önceden bilinemez olmasıdır. Sporun tüketicisi sayılabilecek seyircilerin, sporun paydaşlarından talep ettiği şey, bilinemez bir sonuç için sporcuların dürüst bir şekilde emek vermesidir. Sporun dürüstlüğü ise esas olarak müsabakanın adil olmasını hedeflemektedir. Sporun dürüstlüğü kavramı, İngilizcedeki sports integrity kavramının karşılığıdır. Integrity, bütün ve bölünemez anlamlarının yanı sıra güçlü ahlaki prensiplere sahip olma ve dürüst olma niteliği olarak tanımlanmaktadır. 1 Spor alanında ise, spor etiğinin ve değerlerinin göstergesi olarak, spordaki güvenin teşvik edilmesidir. Bu teşvik, sporun paydaşlarının ve spor topluluğunun olumlu davranışlarını içerir. 2 Sporun dürüstlüğünü, doping ve spor müsabakalarının manipülasyonu tehdit etmektedir. Bu unsurlardan ilki olan doping, rakibinden daha hızlı/güçlü olabilmek için yasaklı madde alınmasını ifade eder. Başka bir deyişle doping, kazanmak için yapılan bir hile olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.One of the fundamental characteristics of sports is the unpredictability of its results. The spectators, who can be considered consumers of sports, demand from stakeholders is the honest effort of athletes for an unpredictable result. The integrity of sports primarily aims to ensure fairness in the competition. The concept of sports integrity corresponds to "integrity" in English, which is defined not only as being whole and undivided but also as possessing strong moral principles and honesty. In the realm of sports, the promotion of trust in sports ethics and values serves as an indicator. This encouragement involves positive behaviors from stakeholders and the sports community. The integrity of sports is threatened by doping and manipulation of sports competitions. Doping, as the first of these elements, refers to the use of prohibited substances to gain an advantage over one's opponent in terms of speed or strength. In other words, doping emerges as a deceitful practice undertaken to win
To be, or not to be in formalization: the relationship between HR practices and work engagement in the aviation industry
No full textPurpose – This study aims to examine the moderating role of formalization in the relationship between human resources (HR) practices and work engagement (WE) in aviation industry employees. The research revealed the moderator role of formalization, which is still one of the most critical components for aviation industry workers. Design/methodology/approach – In the study, the authors used the survey method. In this explanatory and cross-sectional study, the authors examined a data set collected from aviation industry employees (n ¼ 226) in Turkey using the partial least squares (PLS) method and tried to moderate the formalization. The authors analyzed the moderator role of formalization in the relationship between HR practices and WE with SmartPLS 3.0 and HAYES Process Macro. Findings – The results of the study explain the effect of HR practices on WE in the context of social exchange theory through formalization. Findings show that formalization is an essential factor in HR practices’ resulting in higher WE. Research limitations/implications – The study is cross-sectional. Research participants participated in the study voluntarily. This situation, in turn, may lead to a social desirability bias in participants’ self-reported responses. To avoid this, the authors have prepared a standardized measurement tool. Again, since the authors do not request the names and institutions of the participants, confidentiality and anonymity are provided. Practical implications – Research findings offer implications for companies and employees in developing economies, especially in the aviation sector. It refers to the necessity for companies aiming for a sustainable strategic position in the competitive aviation sector to attach importance to HR practices that will enable them to see their employees as a competitive advantage. In addition, the results emphasize the need for aviation industry companies to adopt an approach that considers both practices that can increase WE and formalization procedures that can affect employee behavior. Originality/value – This research provides a comprehensive understanding to examine the interrelationships between HR, formalization and WE in the context of the mechanism of social change in the context of aviation industry workers. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no other researcher has holistically addressed these links in general, particularly in a developing country. The findings significantly enrich the literature on HR practices and WE, particularly in the context of a developing country
Neuronal Networks for Visual Inspection of Assembly Completeness and Correctness in Manufacturing
No full text7th International Conference on Green Technology and Sustainable Development, GTSD 2024 -- 25 July 2024 through 26 July 2024 -- Ho Chi Minh -- 324489The conformity of the quality with the desired specifications in production must be controlled quickly, reliably and accurately. Cost reduction and efficiency studies in production quality control stages are of great importance today. For this reason, non-human and intelligent automated systems are the main research subjects as a solution method in quality control stages. In this study, the final visual inspection of fastening elements of an industrial product is addressed. The inspection of connection elements, such as screws, as one of these quality control stages, is presented through a framework utilizing a camera and learnable neural network, replacing human-eye control. Fasteners can be counted as small objects in the images obtained. Therefore, in this study, object detectors based on different CNN backbones (ResNet 50–101) and proposals are discussed and their performance in detecting these small objects is compared to achieve the high detection speed, accuracy and reliability. To address the challenges at an industrial level for object detection methods, a non-processed image dataset has been created. This dataset aims to represent various lighting conditions, including dark-bright fields and diffuse reflection, as well as occlusion and restricted camera angles. During the training phase, hyperparameter-tuning optimization of deep networks such as YOLOv8, Faster-RCNN with ResNet50&101 and lastly Sparse-RCNN with a different set of learned object proposals is evaluated, which can be most suitable for the detection of screw connection. Experimental results show that the pretrained Faster-RCNN and Sparse RCNN has over the % 85 success rate of detection of small objects in an industrial environment. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024
Projecting the impact of COVID-19 on education and intergenerational mobility in Sub-Saharan Africa
No full textUsing microsimulations, we project the effect of instructional losses caused by COVID-19 on secondary school completion rates and intergenerational mobility of education in eight countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. On average, secondary school completion rates could decrease by 12 percentage points overall and by 16 points for children with low-educated parents. Interestingly, in most countries the gender gap diminishes because, for men, the projected decrease in secondary school completion is higher. A small additional impact on girls' education due to the potential rise in teenage pregnancy is observed in some countries. Intergenerational mobility of education in the eight Sub-Saharan countries in our sample is expected to decrease, on average, by 10%.Projekt DEAL; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; Volkswagen FoundationOpen Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. Paper prepared for the project Measuring Fiscal Equity in the post-COVID-19 World. The authors are grateful to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for its generous support. Guido Neidhoefer acknowledges funding by the Volkswagen Foundation within the grant call Corona Crisis and Beyond - Perspectives for Science, Scholarship and Society
Impact of Smartness on Sustainability: An Empirical Study of North American Agri -food Companies
No full text5th International Conference on Industry 4.0 and Smart Manufacturing (ISM) -- NOV 22-24, 2023 -- Lisbon, PORTUGALThere are many examples of implementation of Industry 4.0 Tools leading to improved sustainability, operational performance and financial performance, but the evidence is mostly anecdotal. The aim of the study is to examine how implementation of Industry 4.0 tools affect sustainable operations in agri-food supply chains and to make a general statement based on empirical analysis. Using farmer/ grower, manufacturer/ processors, wholesalers/distributors, and retailer companies listed in the North American market as the study population, Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) equations are estimated to identify the impact of Industry 4.0 adoption level on sustainability performance, operational efficiency and fmancial profitability and control for the common financial shocks that can affect sustainability performance scores and fmancial outcomes simultaneously. Estimation results indicate that, the Industry 4.0 adoption level has positive impact on sustainability performance and efficiency, however there is no association between smartness and significant average abnormal return
Die Mercedes-Entscheidung des Europäischen Gerichtshofs: Eine neue Phase im Europäischen Recht
No full textAvrupa Adalet Divanı'nın 2023 tarihli Mercedes davası kararı, açık yasal hükümlerin yokluğunda bile davacının bireysel tazminat talebini onaylamıştır. Dönüm noktası niteliğindeki bu karar, Avrupa'da kamu politikası düzenlemeleri ile ulusal özel hukuk arasındaki etkileşime ilişkin uzun süredir devam eden tartışmayı da yeniden alevlendirmiştir. Bu makale işbu davayı analiz etmekte, davanın temelini oluşturan tarihi ve siyasi tartışmaları incelemekte ve pozitif hukuk açısından sonuçlarını araştırmaktadır. Makalenin temel üç önemli bulgusu şunlardır: İlk olarak, AAD'nin kararı, Avrupa hukukunun ihlaline dayalı bireysel talepler için yeni bir yol oluşturmakta ve Üye Devletleri uygun iyileştirici tedbirleri hayata geçirmeye sevk etmektedir. İkincisi, karar kamu yararı düzenlemesi ile bireysel koruma arasındaki dengeye ilişkin neredeyse yüzyıllık bir tartışmayı yeni bir boyuta taşımaktadır. Üçüncüsü, karar şimdiden Avrupa ve Almanya'daki hukuki çerçeveyi şekillendirmeye başlamış olup, Türk hukukunda da özellikle de haksız rekabet hukuku alanında benzer tartışmaları tetikleme potansiyeline sahiptir.The European Court of Justice's 2023 ruling in the Mercedes case has upheld an individual compensation claim even without explicit legislative provisions for such compensation. This landmark decision has reignited the longstanding debate in Europe regarding the interplay between public policy regulation and national private law. This paper analyses the case, delves into the historical and political debates underpinning it, and explores its implications for positive law. It offers three key contributions to the ongoing discourse: First, the ECJ's ruling establishes a new pathway for individual claims based on breaches of European law, prompting Member States to implement appropriate remedial measures. Second, the decision elevates a nearly century-old debate on balancing public interest regulation and individual protection to new heights. Third, the ruling has already begun to shape the European and German legal landscapes, provoking similar discussions in Turkish law, particularly in unfair competition law
Yeşil reklamcılığın yeşil satın alma niyeti üzerindeki etkisinin çevre bilgisi ve yeşil şüpheciliğin rolü ile ölçümü
No full textSon yıllarda tüketicilerin yeşil satın alma niyeti, tüketici araştırmalarının popüler alanlarından biri olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu bağlamda kurumsal stratejilerini çevresel sürdürülebilirlikle eşleştirmek için işletmeler giderek daha fazla yeşil pazarlamayı benimsemektedirler. Bu tezin amacı, yeşil reklamcılığın yeşil satın alma niyeti üzerindeki etkisi ve bu bağlantıda algılanan çevresel bilginin oynadığı aracılık rolünü ölçmektir. Ayrıca, yeşil reklamcılık ile algılanan çevresel bilgi arasındaki ilişkide yeşil şüpheciliğin düzenleyici etkisi araştırılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, 127 kişiden çevrimiçi anket aracılığıyla araştırma verisi sağlanmıştır. Verileri incelemek için yapısal eşitlik modellemesi (structural equation modelling, kısaca SEM) kullanılmıştır. Önerilen hipotezler SmartPLS aracılığıyla test edilmiştir.In recent years, consumers' green purchase intention has emerged as one of the popular fields of consumer research. In this context, businesses are increasingly adopting green marketing to match their corporate strategies with environmental sustainability. The aim of this thesis is to measure the effect of green advertising on green purchase intention and the mediating role that perceived environmental knowledge had in this connection. In addition, the moderating effect of green skepticism on the relationship between green advertising and environmental information is investigated. In this context, research data were obtained from 127 people through an online survey. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. The proposed hypotheses were tested through SmartPLS
Effects of the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis-related Q108P Mutation on the Structural Ensemble Characteristics of CHCHD10
No full textIntroduction The Q108P pathological variant of the mitochondrial Coiled-Coil-Helix-Coiled-Coil-Helix Domain-Containing Protein 10 (CHCHD10) has been implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Both the wild-type and CHCHD10Q108P proteins exhibit intrinsically disordered regions, posing challenges for structural studies with conventional experimental tools.Method This study presents the foundational characterization of the structural features of CHCHD10Q108P and compares them with those of the wild-type counterpart. We conducted multiple run molecular dynamics simulations and bioinformatics analyses.Result Our findings reveal distinct differences in structural properties, free energy surfaces, and the outputs of principal component analysis between these two proteins. These results contribute significantly to the comprehension of CHCHD10 and its Q108P variant in terms of pathology, biochemistry, and structural biology.Conclusion The reported structural properties hold promise for informing the development of more effective treatments for ALS