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On the successive approximation of solutions of stochastic differential equations
Get PDFapplication/pdf論文(Article)We consider the problem of successive approximation for solutions of stochastic differential equations. It is well known that in Ito’s classical theory of stochastic differential equations with Lipschitz continuous coefficients, the successive approximation method plays an essential role in the construction of solutions as well as in the uniqueness problem. We show that conditions which guarantee pathwise uniqueness of solutions also imply the convergence of successive approximations to the solutions in quadratic mean. The proof is due to a result from the theory of ordinary differential equations. To ensure the pathwise uniquness of the solutions we need to impose the conditions on the variation of the function σ(t，x)relative to (t，x).departmental bulletin pape
Proton NMR Study of Atacamite Cu₂Cl(OH)₃
Get PDFapplication/pdf論文(Article)The proton NMR spectrum of Cu₂Cl(OH)₃ at low temperature with zero external field has two sharp peaks. This result means that the majority of magnetic moments antiferromagnetically order at low temperature. The magnetic structure determined by comparison with the observed proton NMR spectrum and the numerical calculated ones of various magnetic models shows that the magnetic moments order all-in all-out orienting to body center like antiferromagnetic pyrochlore. The sufficient evidence of the disordering or spin-glass moments for back ground is not detected from observed NMR spectrum. The magnetic structure of atacamite Cu₂Cl(OH)₃ is different from the atacamite of the same kind, Mn₂Cl(OH)₃, although it has same crystal structure. However, the temperature dependences of the peak frequencies show the unusual behavior which fall down quickly at the considerable lower temperature than TN. This result may suggest that the antiferromagnetically ordered moments begin to fluctuate at the low temperature due to the competing exchange interaction.departmental bulletin pape
Current Fronts in Superconducting Thin Plates Aligned in Order with Face to Face Periodically under a Perpendicular Magnetic Field
Get PDFapplication/pdf論文(Article)A vertical alignment of superconducting thin plates in order with face to face under a perpendicular magnetic field gives some influence on a configuration of a shielding current front in each plate. In the case of inverse aspect ratio α＝0.01 and normalized interval between adjacent platesγ＝3,a current front is determined numerically by magnetic shielding conditions. Calculation results including contributions of many adjacent plates show that a current region width is extremely small in a vertical alignment of plates, compared with the case of a horizontal alignment. The flux penetration is effectively prevented from current groups in plates in vertical positions.departmental bulletin pape
A Study on Sustainable Development and Environmental Kuznets Curve in the World ―Trying to Achieve both Environmental Preservation and Economic Growth―
Get PDFapplication/pdf論文(Article)In advanced countries there has been a common understanding that economic growth causes deterioration of the environments since 1970s. Is this understanding actually true? In other words, is it true that Environmental preservation cannot be compatible with Economic growth? Environmental Kuznets Curve(EKC), however, implies that environmental preservation could be compatible with economic development. Firstly, this paper discusses theoretically the compatibility of environmental preservation and economic growth. Subsequently, based upon the applicable statistical time series data (1971～2006), we test and analyze the EKC of Japan, China, Korea, India, USA, and EU15 (15 EU countries) between the income and CO₂ emissions.departmental bulletin pape
Wh-movement in a Noun Phrase and Superiority Effect
Get PDFapplication/pdf論文(Article)This paper suggests that a noun phrase projects up to CP as a phase and a wh-phrase can also project up to CP. Wh-movement can occur in a finite clause or non-finite clause. Wh-phrase can undergo movement to the Spec-CP of the wh-phrase according to the analysis presented here. There exist many multiple wh-interrogatives which have an apparent configuration yielding superiority effect in English. Although a significant body of work has been devoted to superiority effect, little is known about the reason why superiority effect is unstable. This paper shows that the appearance or loss of superiority effect depends on the constraint that requires an operator locally bind its variable and the application or non-appication of wh-movement in a wh-noun phrase. German does not exhibit superiority effect,which is also explained as a consequence of the constraint and the application or non-application of wh-movement in a wh-phrase.departmental bulletin pape
Study on the Trilemma Theses of Economic Development in China
Get PDFapplication/pdf論文(Article)Chinese economy has grown so fast since 1979, and China has become an economic superpower. At the same time, however, China is a superpower of excessive energy demand and of environmental pollution. Now, China comes to face with the hard trilemma theses of economy, energy and environment, to extremely rareness in the world. This paper discusses each thesis of trilemma in China after reviewing the traditional definition of “trilemma”. Furthermore, by our regression analysis, we get reasonable EKC of CO₂ emissions in China and the turning point of per capita GDP. Now that China becomes an economic superpower, we expect China should set and declare, as the international pledge, a numerical target of the reduction of GHG emissions.departmental bulletin pape
Proton NMR Study of Pyrochlore Like Atacamite Mn2Cl(OH)₃
Get PDFapplication/pdf論文(Article)The proton NMR spectrum of Mn₂Cl(OH)₃ at low temperature with zero external field has rather sharp peaks and the glassy property is not found. This result means that almost all magnetic moments order antiferromagnetically at low temperature. The magnetic structure determined by comparison with the observed proton NMR spectrum and the numerical calculated ones of various magnetic models shows that the magnetic moments do not order all-in all-out orienting to body center like antiferromagnetic pyrochlore, but also not parallel to the local crystal field. The coexistence of antiferromagnetic moments and the spin-glass moments dose not reproduce the observed NMR spectrum. Our result suggests that the magnetic structure of atacamite Mn₂Cl(OH)₃ is different from the pyrochlore one, although it is similar to geometrically frustrated pyrochlores in crystal structure.departmental bulletin pape
Wh-movement from a Noun Phrase
Get PDFapplication/pdf論文(Article)This paper suggests that a noun phrase projects up to CP as a phase. When a finite clause is presupposed, the clause bears a factive operator as in the analysis of Melvold (1991). The operator blocks wh-movement of an element the clause because it yields an intervention effect. When a noun phrase is presupposed, it also bears an operator as in the case of factive clause. The operator occurs in the SPEC-CP of the noun phrase and blocks wh-movement from the noun phrase. If a noun phrase is not presupposed, an operator does not appear in the SPEC-CP of the noun phrase, which does not block wh-movement from the noun phrase. When a wh-in-situ occurs in a noun phrase that is not presupposed, it is licensed by its licenser bearing Q-feature and wh-feature because of no operator between the licenser and the licesee. When, however, a wh-in-situ occurs in a presupposed noun phrase, the wh-phrase is not licensed. This is due to the fact that an operator becomes an intervener between the wh-in-situ and the licenser of the wh-phrase.departmental bulletin pape
Analysis on Reduction of Free Plastic Bag Consumption ―Result of Reusable Bag System at the store in a University Campus―
No full textapplication/pdf論文(Article)A lot of countermeasures to reduce plastic bag consumption have been proposed or implemented. In May, 2005, a trial to reduce plastic bag consumption by introducing reusable bag system was started in cooperation with the store in a University Campus. In about 5 years from 2005 to 2009, the system has been well known to faculty, staff members and students, and consumption of free plastic bags has been vastly reduced. In this paper the numbers of lost reusable bags are counted and then the effect of the reducing the plastic bag consumption are analyzed.departmental bulletin pape