Vilnius University Press Scholarly Journals
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Kražių miestelis tarpukariu: gyvenimas, organizacijos, asmenybės
No full textBy referring to historiography materials, printed mass media and photo-testimony, the article reveals a generalized view of Kražiai, a minor town, during the interwar years. Research starts with demography data of the small-town residents, and proceeds with the stories of the vital institutions and organizations of the town, by identifying them and revealing certain instances in the course of their development. This analysis ranges from Kražiai Volost and Kražiai Gymnasium to Non-Religious Ethical Culture Society Kražiai Department. The article also introduces the key personalities and most respected individuals of Kražiai Town at the time. This ensures better understanding of whoever was the elite of Kražiai Town and other smaller towns in general at the time, while also highlighting the structure of society at that time
Lietuvos teritorijos išminavimas 1944–1946 metais
No full textThis article investigates the process of mine clearance in Lithuania between 1944 and 1946, conducted through the Soviet paramilitary organization OSOAVIACHIM. Based on documents preserved in the Lithuanian Central State Archives and the Lithuanian Special Archives, the study reconstructs the extent of explosive contamination and the implementation of the Soviet demining policy in the Lithuanian SSR. For the first time, a systematic reconstruction is provided of how mine clearance operations were organized and executed, the challenges encountered, and their underlying causes, including insufficient training of specialists, shortages of equipment, limited engagement by local authorities, a high number of accidents and civilian casualties, and the efforts of the Lithuanian SSR authorities to align with Moscow’s expectations. The specific conditions of the Lithuanian SSR, including an uncollectivized countryside, limited industrialization, weak peripheral administrative structures, and widespread public distrust of occupation institutions, complicated the application of standardized Soviet practices. Although official reports declared Lithuania ‘cleared of mines’ by the end of 1945, a significant number of explosives remained. The study contributes to the historiography by elucidating the interaction of wartime legacies, militarization, and security dilemmas in postwar Lithuanian society, and by highlighting security challenges that continue to hold contemporary relevance.Straipsnyje analizuojamas 1944–1946 m. Lietuvos teritorijos išminavimo procesas, vykdytas pasitelkus sovietinę paramilitarinę organizaciją OSOAVIACHIM. Remiantis Lietuvos centriniame valstybės archyve ir Lietuvos ypatingajame archyve saugomais dokumentais, atskleidžiamas Lietuvos užterštumo sprogmenimis mastas bei sovietinės išminavimo politikos taikymas Lietuvos SSR. Tyrimas pirmą kartą nuosekliai rekonstruoja, kaip buvo organizuoti ir įgyvendinti išminavimo darbai, su kokiomis problemomis susidurta ir kas buvo jų priežastis: nepakankamas specialistų rengimas, priemonių stygius, vietos valdžios abejingumas, daug nelaimingų atsitikimų ir civilių aukų bei LSSR valdžios pastangos įtikti Maskvai. Specifinės LSSR sąlygos – nekolektyvizuotas kaimas, silpna industrializacija, silpnos periferijų administracijos struktūros ir visuomenės nepasitikėjimas okupacinėmis institucijomis – sunkino standartizuotos sovietinės praktikos taikymą. Oficialiai deklaruota, kad 1945 m. pabaigoje Lietuvos teritorija „išminuota“, tačiau liko daug sprogmenų. Tyrimas papildo istoriografiją, atskleisdamas karo palikimo, militarizacijos ir saugumo dilemų sąveiką Lietuvos pokario visuomenėje, taip pat šiandien aktualias potencialias saugumo problemas
Colorectal Cancer: Post-operative Complications and Their Risk Factors
No full textBackground. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, and surgery remains the only curative treatment. However, post-operative complications impact patients’ outcomes and quality of life. Identifying risk factors for these complications is essential for improving surgical outcomes and patient safety. Methods. We conducted a retrospective study of 277 patients who underwent CRC surgery at the Hospital of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kauno Klinikos between January 1 and December 31, 2023. Data were collected on demographic, clinical, and surgical variables. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS software and included univariate and multivariate logistic regression to identify independent risk factors for postoperative complications. Results. The overall postoperative complication rate was 22.7%, with anastomotic leakage being the most common complication (8.2%). Logistic regression analysis identified older age as the only statistically significant independent risk factor for postoperative complications (p = 0.016). While urgent surgery and intra-operative complications showed strong associations with increased risk, these were not statistically significant in multivariate analysis. Conclusion. Our study highlights older age as a critical risk factor for postoperative complications in CRC surgery. Although the study is limited by its retrospective design and single-center sample, it provides valuable insights for improving patient outcomes
Образ поляков в избранных произведениях В. П. Астафьева. Имагологический анализ
No full textThe article analyses the image of Poles in selected works of Viktor Petrovich Astafiev, a classic of Russian literature of the twentieth century. The subject of the analysis is works from two cycles of the writer – The Last Tribute and Zatesi. Astafiev’s image of Poles is connected both with his childhood memories and his military experience. The research revealed a number of distinctive features of Poles especially highlighted by Astafiev: patriotism and adherence to national religious traditions, diligence and honesty. In the story “The Opening of the Church”, describing his accidental presence in 1977 at the opening of a new church in a working-class neighbourhood of Kraków by Cardinal Karol Wojtyla, Astafiev expressed a unique respect shown in the Russian literature to the achievements of this Catholic priest who later became Pope John Paul II. He also appreciated the Poles for their consistent resistance against communist totalitarianism, seeing him as a role model.В статье проводится имагологический анализ образа поляков в избранных произведениях классика русской литературы ХХ в. В. П. Астафьева. Предметом анализа стали произведения из двух циклов писателя – «Последний поклон» и «Затеси». Образ поляков у Астафьева связан как с воспоминаниями о детстве, так и c его военным опытом. Проведенное исследование выявило ряд особо выделенных Астафьевым отличительных черт поляков: патриотизм и приверженность национальным религиозным традициям, трудолюбие и честность. В рассказе «Открытие костела», описывая свое случайное присутствие в 1977 г. на открытии нового костела в рабочем районе Кракова кардиналом Каролем Войтылой, писатель выразил уникальное для русской литературы уважение к достижениям этого католического священника, ставшего впоследствии папой римским Иоанном Павлом Вторым. Он также высоко ценил поляков за их последовательное сопротивление коммунистическому тоталитаризму, видя в подобной резистенции образец для подражания
„Motina nebūtų galėjusi parašyti tokio romano“: Georges’o de Peyrebrune’o Victoire la Rouge (1883) ir motinystės pasakojimai
No full textGeorges de Peyrebrune’s Victoire la Rouge, published in 1883, tells the story of a farm maid, who is repeatedly shunned by her rural community because of her three illegitimate pregnancies. Although it was generally well received by the French press, Peyrebrune’s depiction of illegitimate motherhood and infanticide in an explicit writing style sparked controversy. Victoire la Rouge, with its portrayal of motherhood as a violence exerted onto a woman’s body and consciousness, presents a powerful counter-narrative to contemporary discourses that tended to idealize and naturalize motherhood. The novel also scandalized critics because of its appropriation of a naturalist writing mode, considered unsuitable for a woman writer. This article explores how Peyrebrune responded to the public debates around the 1804 law on paternity recognition by eliciting the reader’s sympathy for a working-class woman excluded from her community for showing signs of her victimization at the hands of men and left with no possibility of obtaining justice. In doing so, it will both demonstrate the novel’s engagement with a wide range of social and literary discourses on motherhood and highlight its significance as an example of a woman writer reclaiming the right to intervene in the public sphere through aesthetic means.1883 m. išleistame Georges’o de Peyrebrune’o romane Victoire la Rouge pasakojama apie ūkio tarnaitę, kuri išstumiama iš savo kaimo bendruomenės dėl trijų neteisėtų nėštumų. Nors prancūzų spauda romaną įvertino palankiai, Peyrebrune’o vaizduojama neteisėta motinystė ir vaikžudystė sukėlė nemažai diskusijų. Romanas Victoire la Rouge, vaizduojantis motinystę kaip moters kūno ir sąmonės patiriamą smurtą, pateikia stiprų atsaką XIX a. diskursams, linkusiems idealizuoti motinystę ir ją natūralizuoti. Romanas taip pat sukėlė aistrų dėl natūralistinio rašymo būdo, kuris buvo laikomas netinkamu rašytojai moteriai. Straipsnyje nagrinėjama rašytojos reakcija į viešąsias prancūzų diskusijas apie 1804 m. įstatymą dėl tėvystės pripažinimo, skatinanti skaitytojų užuojautą darbininkų klasės moteriai, socialiai atstumtai dėl atskleisto vyrų smurto ir nesulaukusiai teisingumo. Analize siekiama parodyti, kaip romanas įsitraukia į platų socialinių ir literatūrinių motinystės diskursų spektrą, ir pabrėžti, kaip moteris rašytoja, pasitelkdama estetines priemones, susigrąžina teisę dalyvauti viešajame diskurse
Омар Калабрезе. Эпоха необарокко (фрагменты из книги)
No full textПеревод с итальянского, предисловие и примечания Анны Кондюрино
Stratégies publicitaires et traductologiques dans le retitrage cinématographique, par MARIBEL PEÑALVER VICEA
No full textMARIBEL PEÑALVER VICEA, Stratégies publicitaires et traductologiques dans le retitrage cinématographique, Paris, L’Harmattan, « Champs Visuels », 2024, 156 p
