Nexus International University NIU Journals
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Executive Compensation and Firms’ Financial Performance: Analytical Approach in Nigeria
Get PDFThis study ascertained the relationship that exists between executive compensation and firms’ financial performance in Nigeria. The data for the study was gathered form the annual reports and accounts of companies quoted on the floor of the Nigerian Stock Exchange for a period of nine years ranging from 2014 to 2022. From the regression result conducted it was found that Executive compensation had a positive relationship with firm performance when proxied using returns on equity and return on asset. It is however negatively related with Tobin’s Q Firm size had a positive relationship with return on asset, Tobin’s and return on equity; Board independence had a negative impact on firm performance (return on asset and return on equity) for the measures of performance but was positively related with Tobin’s Q. Leverage was found to exhibit a negative relationship with firm performance. Leverage had a negative relationship with firm performance (return on equity and Tobin’s Q). Therefore, it is recommended that executive compensation is a vital element that should not be undermined in an organization due to the fact that it has been established from the analysis carried out that this variable is a key driver of financial performance in organizations.
Keywords: Executive compensation, firm performance, Firm size, Leverage, and board Independenc
Impact of Gender and School Location on Correlate of Political Education Knowledge in Civic Education and Attitude to Political Participation
Get PDFThis study looked into how students’ attitudes toward political engagement in Edo State and their knowledge of political education concepts in civic education were correlated with their gender and the location of their school. The need for a true and unadulterated democratic process, a solid education that fosters critical and analytical thinking, and responsible and effective citizen engagement became essential for both meaningful development and good governance. There were three hypotheses developed to direct the investigation. For this investigation, a descriptive survey design was used. Using the multi-stage sampling technique, 840 students were selected among 74,440 public Junior Secondary School I-III students in the Edo South Senatorial District. The Knowledge of Political Education Test, an achievement test, and the Students’ Attitude to Political Participation Likert scale, which was intended to gather data from respondents, were the two tools utilized in the study. For the hypotheses, data was gathered and analyzed using Pearson’s “r” at the 0.05 level of significance. The study’s conclusions showed a strong correlation between students’ attitudes on voting, voter registration drives, the rule of law, and the electoral process and political education. It also showed that there are no appreciable differences between gender and school location in terms of students’ attitudes toward political engagement and their understanding of political education concepts. The study recommends amongst others that Civic Education curriculum contents be enhanced to accommodate more of political education concepts.
Keywords: Gender, School Location, Political Education Knowledge, Civil Education, Attitude, Political Participatio
Conceptualizing Gender and Sexuality Education Outcomes: Developing a Theoretical Framework for Measurement and Evaluation
Get PDFA theoretical framework for quantifying and assessing gender and sexuality education outcomes is presented in this research article. The goal of the study is to improve our understanding of the effects of gender and sexuality education programmes by addressing the dearth of thorough measurement techniques in this subject. Based on a critical analysis of the body of literature, the theoretical framework is built, referencing feminist, queer, and social learning theories. Knowledge acquisition, attitude and behaviour modification, and empowerment are among the critical dimensions for assessment that are recognised, along with the connections among these constructs. The framework's implications and applications are examined, emphasising how they might direct educational practice, assist professional development for educators, and inform the creation of policies and programmes. Future research and practice recommendations are given, with a focus on the necessity of intersectionality integration, thorough measurement and evaluation systems, and continued stakeholder collaboration and knowledge exchange. The research's conclusions and suggestions support evidence-based methods, more inclusive and successful educational opportunities, and the advancement of the area of gender and sexuality education.
Keywords: Gender and Sexuality Education, Measurement and Evaluation, Theoretical Framework, Knowledge Acquisition, Attitude and Behaviour Change, Empowerment, Intersectionalit
Legal Framework and Mechanism for Combating International Crimes: A Comparative Analysis between Nigeria and Uganda
Get PDFThis research compares and analyzes the existing legal regimes and institutional mechanisms developed to combat international crimes in both Nigeria and Uganda. It also attempts to examine the adequacy of the responses of the two countries in addressing international crimes. In this respect, a doctrinal research methodology is adopted involving analyzing primary and secondary legal materials including national legislation, international treaties, judicial decisions, and all relevant case studies. Research findings revealed that the two countries did much to ensure the domestic legal framework conforms to international standards. In Nigeria, there is adequate legislation which includes the Terrorism Prevention Act and Geneva Convention Act, Uganda is partially equipped with such laws as the Geneva Conventions Act, the International Criminal Court ICC Act, and the establishment of the International Crimes Division (ICD) of the High Courts. Unfortunately, political interference, corruption, and resource constraints within both countries have undermined the institutions' capacity and ability to prosecute international crimes effectively and pursue justice. This research recommends enhancing institutional capacity and anti-corruption measures, political independence of judicial and law enforcement agencies, and strengthening international cooperation with the ICC amongst others. Implementation of these recommendations shall develop the efficiency of legal frameworks and institutional mechanisms in both countries' jurisdictions, Nigeria and Uganda, toward complementing global efforts against impunity for international crimes.
Keywords: International Crimes, Genocide, Legal Framework, Institutional Mechanisms, Political Interferenc
Assessment of Narrative Exposure Therapy on the Psychological Trauma Symptoms of Victims of Violent Community Attacks
Get PDFThis study carried out an assessment of narrative exposure therapy on the psychological trauma symptoms of victims of violent community attacks. They were using a between-group pre/post-experimental design. Participants were 32 randomly selected, 16 in the control and intervention groups. The mean age of the participants (n = 32) was 43.2 years (SD = 11.5), comprising 24 males and eight females. The Trauma Symptom Checklist (TSC-40) was used as a measure of psychological trauma symptoms. Psychological trauma symptoms were assessed for study groups (Control and Intervention) at the pretest, after which the intervention group was exposed to Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET), and psychological trauma symptoms were assessed (Posttest) for both groups. The one-way Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used to test the efficacy of NET on psychological trauma symptoms. Results revealed that MANOVA output indicated a significant effect of NET on the combined dimensions, Wilks' Lambda = .397, F(6, 25) = 6.327, p < .001, partial η² = .603. Furthermore, NET significantly reduced Dissociation (p < .001), Anxiety (p <.05), Depression (p <.05), and Sleep Disturbance (p <.05). However, no significant reduction of SATI (p > .05), and Sexual Problems (p > .05). These findings highlight the significant impact of NET in reducing Dissociation, Anxiety, Depression, and Sleep Disturbance symptoms among victims of violent attack. The study recommended the incorporation of NET into standard therapeutic protocols for trauma survivors experiencing Dissociation, Anxiety, Depression, and Sleep Disturbances following violent community attacks.
Keywords: Narrative Exposure Therapy, Trauma symptoms, Dissociation, Anxiety, Depression, Sleep Disturbance, Sexual Abuse Trauma Index, Sexual Problem
The Impact of Music on the Sustenance of Democracy in Nigeria
Get PDF This paper examines the impact of music on the sustenance of democracy in Nigeria. It discusses music as a vehicle of expression and communication. The paper examines how music is used to mobilize people or rally them to solidarity. The study relies on the survey of selected songs from the albums produced by Nigerian musicians on issues bordering on the sustenance of democracy in Nigeria. The outcome of the study reveals the use of music in the transmission of moral values; transmission of culture; media system; social reconstruction; political solidarity; electoral campaigns; electoral media; esprit de corps; corruption; communal clashes; political office arrangement; government policy; child abuse and women liberation; fight for freedom/anti-Apartheid crusade; social ill and social revaluations and National integration/patriotic song. The study concludes that music is a part of the process of living and has always been part of man. The study recommends that Nigerian albums should be censored before they are waxed to check and prohibit the dissemination of wrong messages to Nigerians.
Keywords: Music, Democracy, Nigeria, Function, Song
Nigerian Democracy and Elusive Development: Restructuring as a Panacea
Get PDFNigeria’s political landscape is still shaped by the after effects of colonialism and internal conflict, which influence the country’s path toward democracy. Although Nigeria’s 1999 democratic transition was met with great anticipation, most Nigerians have not yet felt the benefits of improved governance and economic progress. This essay explores obstacles to Nigeria’s development, including bureaucratic lethargy, economic inequality, and corruption. Drawing on academic discourse, this study examines the fundamental principles of democracy and development and highlights the importance of economic welfare and equality within democratic frameworks. A close examination of the available literature sheds light on the harsh realities of Nigeria’s developmental path. The main contention is that reorganizing Nigeria’s political and economic structures provides a solution to deal with these issues. This study supports a more responsive and inclusive governance model by promoting the decentralization of power and giving local communities more authority over resources. This lays a roadmap for attaining sustainable development and promoting shared prosperity through practical policy suggestions and constitutional modifications. This study emphasizes the importance of re-evaluating Nigeria’s democratic experiment from a restructuring perspective. Nigeria may move toward a future characterized by greater justice and prosperity by tearing down the legacy of the colonial era and supporting grassroots efforts. Restructuring appears to be a concrete way to fulfill the dreams of the people as the country struggles with its developmental obstacles.
Keywords: Economic progress, democracy, development, restructuring
Comparative Analysis of Consumer Preferences for African Prints in Southwest Nigerian States
Get PDFThis research investigates the diverse perceptions and preferences of consumers towards African prints in Southwest Nigeria across various age groups. The study examined the interplay of cultural, social, and economic factors shaping consumer choices in of African print fabric usage. Survey research design was adopted for the study using questionnaire as the data gathering tool. Samples were selected across the six states in Southwest Nigeria. A total of three hundred and eighty-four (384) African print consumers were sampled using random sampling technique. The data was subjected descriptive analysis, using frequency distribution, percentage, and mean score. The study revealed that users of African print fabrics across age groups have their unique perceptions and preferences in African print fabrics. It was therefore recommended that African print designers should adopt user-centred design process and focus on consumer preferences during the design process of African print fabrics.
Keywords: African prints, Preference, Southwest, Nigeria
Neocolonialism and Imperial Dominance of the Post-Colonial African States
Get PDFThe study examines the impact of imperial dominance on the socio-economic development of the Post-colonial African States. There is a core search to the argument that globalizing the world with developing countries, has grossly embedded a horizontal gap among the nation states. The consequences of these interactions and impacts, have incredibly premised such dominant structures on the continent as they are examined to be colonial legacies. These apparently, control a state of international dependency and a culture of corruption within the new states. Imperialism and neocolonialism, created a structurally weak nations in Africa and beyond. Having incessantly exploited the indigenous populations. The political aspects of the menace, have deeply asphyxiating as these weak political structures which were created by the western imperialist nations, received political and socio-economic functions at Independence, which they are not developed enough to handle. Subsequently, after Europe was through by under-developing the continent of Africa, it simply left. No measures were taken to help Africans migrated to self-governance or to be better organized. This of course, was argued that Africa was not prepared for a modern economy that would benefit from industrialization and it consequently plunged the Post-colonial African States into a primarily subsistence farming economy. Hence, the state of economy and socio-cultural values of African States as at the time were not properly structured to govern as this resulted the continent into poverty and civil war. At the end of the Second World War, Europe’s two major and remaining colonial powers (French and British) found that they could no longer rule their African colonies as before. For reasons mostly economic but also geopolitical and nationalistic, they were not willing to give them up entirely. Thus, sought mechanisms to maintain control of Africa as the second wave of colonial rule. Therefore, came in form of ‘’neocolonialism and imperialism” as these imply the external control and dominance of economic, political, technological, educational and military strength of the continent with respect to a globalizing paradigm.
Keywords: Globalization, Imperialism, Neocolonialism, Post-colonial African States, International Dependenc
Exploring Artificial Intelligence-Powered Spiritually for Moral Rejuvenation in Nigeria: Challenges, Prescriptions and Prospects
Get PDFNigeria confronts a number of moral issues, including corruption at every level of society, ethnic and religious tensions that lead to bloodshed, violations of human rights, gender inequality, and widespread poverty. These concerns frequently intersect and intensify each other, posing significant challenges to the country's social fabric and growth. The article aims to explore how artificial intelligence (AI) can provide individualized spiritual direction, boost community interaction, and support moral development. The paper argues that Nigeria can overcome challenges such as cultural preferences, ethical considerations, and potential opposition to technological advances in spiritual activities. The article employs critical literature review and phenomenological methods and reveals that using AI to investigate spirituality as a means of moral revitalization in Nigeria presents both obstacles and opportunities. It recommends incorporating artificial intelligence into religious education, establishing digital ethics, and encouraging inclusion. It concludes that a careful implementation of AI and ongoing conversation are necessary to successfully negotiate challenges and ensure an ethical and culturally appropriate integration of the Nigerian state.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Spiritually, Religion, Moral Rejuvenation, Nigeria