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Becoming like them: Sociological Analysis of Celebrity Dress-Style and Student Dressing Behaviour within Selected Universities in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
Get PDFDressing has become a lifestyle especially among young adults, whose external influence cut an image from actors and celebrities who often act as idols to their behaviour. This study examines the relationship between celebrity dressing styles and students’ clothing choices within the university environment. The Herbert Kelman Social influence theory was adopted for the study as it established the nexus between the interplay of normative lifestyle and imitation among students. Being an explanatory and a cross-sectional research design, the study triangulated a mixed method of data collection (qualitative and quantitative) using a semi-structured questionnaire and in-depth interview guide on a one-time survey method in 2 selected universities (namely: University of Benin and Benson Idahosa University). 240 respondents were systematically selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. It was discovered that most of the lifestyles of the students were tailored in line with their favourite celebrities and role models. Secondly, imitating friends’ dressing styles has become a norm among students due to the confidence it creates and sometimes alters the student’s lifestyle. The study therefore advocates that universities and related tertiary institutions should regulate the dressing behaviour of students to reflect the ideal standard behaviour after schooling.
Keywords: Behaviour; Celebrity; Dressing; lifestyle; Student
Roadway Environmental Conditions and Road Traffic Crash Occurrence, Injury and Death in Oyo State, Nigeria
Get PDFThe road mode remains the most integrated, accessible, and widely utilised form of global transportation. However, it presents significant challenges to global health and safety due to traffic crashes. While previous studies have often focused on the causative factors of traffic crashes, limited attention has been given to the influence of roadway environmental elements using GIS-referenced data, particularly in developing countries such as Nigeria. This study employs GIS and statistical methodologies to evaluate the impact of roadway environmental factors on road traffic crashes in Oyo State. Adopting an ex post facto research design, crash records from the Oyo State Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) for 2020–2022 were analysed. Attributes examined include date, time, location, crash type, causes, casualties, and weather conditions. Key findings reveal that roadway defects (p = 0.001), crash timing (p = 0.007), road surface condition (p = 0.018), and weather conditions (p = 0.021) significantly influence crashes. Binomial Logistic Regression shows that crashes involving partial road collapse, absence of road guards, fog, rainfall, and inadequate shoulders are 4.5, 3, 3, 2, and 2 times more likely to result in injuries than fatalities, respectively. Furthermore, Pearson Correlation indicates a moderate inverse relationship between roadway elevation and crashes (r = -0.426, p < 0.01). The study concludes that roadway environmental conditions significantly contribute to traffic crashes in Oyo State. It recommends frequent blackspot patrolling, redesign of high-risk locations, routine road inspections, maintenance of vulnerable segments, and improved signage to mitigate road traffic crashes in the area.
Keywords: Blackspot, Geo-reference, Crash Scene Light, Roadway Environmen
Unveiling Political Participation Dynamics: The Impact of Social Media Skits on Youth Engagement in the 2023 Nigerian General Elections
Get PDFThe issue of apathy among young people towards participating in political activities, such as campaigns and voting, has sparked numerous discussions throughout Nigeria. Notably, the 2023 General Election in Nigeria witnessed a noteworthy increase in youth involvement in political activities. However, the extent to which this participation can be attributed to political campaigns and mobilization on social media, particularly through the use of media skits, remains unclear. This study explores the role of social media skits in shaping youth political engagement during the 2023 general election in Nigeria. With the surge of social media as a political tool and the unique infusion of creative skits, this research addresses the impact on youth participation, perceptions of political candidates, and potential drawbacks of this digital phenomenon. Grounded in Cultivation Theory, the study utilises a descriptive survey approach with 340 participants in Lagos State, Nigeria. Findings indicate that social media skits positively influence youth political knowledge and behaviour, yet concerns about misinformation emerge. Recommendations encompass fact-checking for content creators, critical media literacy for youths, comprehensive social media strategies for political parties, and the implementation of regulatory frameworks by governments to balance freedom of expression and prevent misinformation. The study contributes insights into leveraging social media for effective youth engagement in political discourse.
Keywords: General election, media skits, politics, social media, youth
Jurisprudential Appraisal of the Interplay between International Law and Politics in Israel-Gaza Conflict
Get PDFThe Israel-Gaza conflict is one of the longest and most intractable in modern international relations, characterized by recurring bloodshed, competing claims to territory, and deeply entrenched political tensions. This research examines the conflict's tension between international law and international politics, observing that principles of law take a secondary position to geopolitical interest. This research brings to the limelight such issues as humanitarian law's selective application, Palestine's status in law, self-defence under Article 51 of the UN Charter, and limits of institutions such as International Criminal Court and United Nations. This research attempts to critically assess the jurisprudential foundation of international law applied in the conflict, judging to what extent political motives inform decisions in law. Using a doctrinal approach to research, this work is founded on primary sources such as treaties, UN resolutions, and judicatures, in addition to secondary sources such as scholarly articles and expert reports. The work observes that international frameworks of law are applied inconsistently owing to interference of powerful states, rendering mechanisms of ending conflict ineffective. The work also demands reforms in United Nations Security Council institutions, more accountability in terms of violations of humanitarian law, and more efforts towards support of a Palestinian state in foreign policy. The work posits that in order to have a credible umpire of international law, principles of law should be applied without political interference impartially
Protest and Activism in Selected Nigerian Songs
Get PDFMusic is an integral part of any society. In Africa, music accompanies almost every event irrespective of its nature. It has also been used as a means of documentation of a people or society’s activity. This research examines the roles of musical artistes who use their songs as a tool for protest and activism against the government. This study is anchored on the theory of relative derivation, which is defined as the perceived lack of resources required to maintain quality life in a society (Longley 2022). This research studied four songs namely: Light up Naija (2010) by Sound Sultan, ‘Monsters you made’ by Burna boy and ‘Jaga jaga reloaded’ by Eedris Abdulkareem. These artistes through their songs decried the social, economic and political problems still prevalent in the society. They sided with the masses, which they are a part of, by protesting and demanding for good governance. They also urge the people to ‘rise up’ as this is the only way they can be heard and not be suppressed. Despite protesting, these artistes also provided solutions to the problem faced by Nigerians. This study concludes that music has been successfully conditioned to feature as a tool of protest and the artiste can take up the role of an activist at any time.
Keywords: Protest, Music, Activism, Nigerian Government, Music Activism
Audit Quality and Financial Reporting Quality of Quoted Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria
Get PDFThe quality of financial reports has been a contemporary discuss in accounting and finance literature as it is capable of helping investors or the users of financial statement to make timely and informed economic decision. Financial statement should portray features like relevance, faithful understandability and timeliness. The reporting quality from literature is seen not to possess the relevant qualities as expected which has become worrisome for investors and stakeholders. The study investigated the effect of audit quality on the financial reporting quality of quoted manufacturing firms listed in Nigeria, employing a survey research design. The population of interest consisted of 250 auditors and accountants, with a sample size of 201 selected using the Taro Yamane Formula and purposive sampling. Data were gathered through a well-structured questionnaire and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that audit quality had a significant impact on the relevance of financial reports (Adj. R² = 0.766; F = 99.565; p = 0.00) and also notably influenced the faithful representation of financial reports (Adj. R² = 0.598; F = 47.930; p = 0.00). The study concluded that audit quality plays a critical role in enhancing the financial reporting quality of listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study recommended that management should prioritize the presentation of financial reports to improve their relevance to users.
Keywords: Audit Quality, Financial Reporting, Financial Statement, Faithful Representation, Relevance, Understandabilit
The Influence of Ethnicity on Electoral Decisions: A Study of Nigeria’s 2023 Presidential Election
Get PDFVoting behavior in democracies has long been a subject of interest for political scientists, sociologists, and researchers. It not only determines the composition of governments but also reflects the political dynamics of a nation. In Nigeria, ethnicity has historically played a crucial role in shaping electoral choices, influencing democratic representation and political stability. This study examines the extent to which ethnicity influenced the voting behavior of the electorate during the 2023 Presidential Elections in Nigeria. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, combining both quantitative and qualitative research techniques. Data was collected through structured questionnaires and one-on-one interviews. The findings reveal that ethnicity significantly influenced voter decisions, with approximately 75% of respondents acknowledging its impact. Many interview participants highlighted the lack of comprehensive civic education as a major challenge, advocating for voter education programs that emphasize candidate qualifications over ethnic affiliations. This study contributes to the discourse on identity politics and democratic governance in Nigeria by highlighting the challenges posed by ethnic-driven voting patterns. To mitigate the negative effects of ethnic polarization in elections, the study recommends targeted civic education initiatives led by the Nigerian government, the National Orientation Agency (NOA), and educational institutions. Implementing a civic education curriculum that fosters national unity and encourages policy-driven electoral choices will be critical to strengthening Nigeria’s democratic process.
Keywords: Voting, Election, & ethnicit
Assessing Multimodal Literacy in Higher Education: Impact on Student Learning Outcomes in Selected Universities in Edo State, Nigeria
Get PDFThis paper investigates the integration of multimodal literacy in Nigerian higher education and its impact on student learning outcomes. Grounded in Multiliteracies theory, the research explores how students’ exposure to diverse communication modes—textual, visual, auditory, gestural, and digital—affects academic performance and digital proficiency. The paper also evaluates faculty adoption of multimodal teaching strategies and identifies institutional factors that influence implementation. A cross-sectional survey research design was adopted, involving 260 respondents (200 students and 60 faculty members) from three universities in Edo State: Benson Idahosa University, University of Benin, and Ambrose Alli University. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, multiple regression, and ANOVA techniques via SPSS. Findings revealed a positive, non-linear relationship between multimodal literacy exposure and academic performance, with students in the medium-exposure group demonstrating the highest average GPA. Digital proficiency was also moderately associated with academic success. Faculty adoption of multimodal strategies was found to be moderate, with significant differences across institutions, largely influenced by digital infrastructure and support systems. The paper concludes that when thoughtfully implemented, multimodal literacy can enhance student engagement, academic performance, and digital competence. However, infrastructural limitations and uneven faculty readiness remain key challenges. This research contributes valuable insights to educational policy and curriculum development, advocating for strategic integration of multimodal literacy in higher education. Recommendations include increased investment in digital infrastructure, targeted faculty development, and the inclusion of structured digital literacy programmes within university curricula
Keywords: Multimodal Literacy, Academic Performance, Digital Proficiency, Higher Educatio
Harnessing Epistemology with Consumer Decision-Making and Marketing Strategy
Get PDFThe article advocates for an epistemological framework regarding consumer choices and marketing tactics. Consumer behavior, particularly in relation to selecting products from various alternatives, poses several questions: Why do individuals engage in shopping? Why do they opt for specific items among numerous options? How is it that a particular product becomes the preferred choice for certain consumers and consumer segments? How can marketers create a portfolio for such a product, considering the range of diverse consumers/customers? Given that the consumer process of making purchasing decisions is increasingly intricate. The reality is that every company makes choices grounded in its understanding. However, how does an organization determine what it knows? This inquiry is crucial since a company's insights influence its decisions, strategies, and activities. In the realm of philosophy, the examination of knowledge is termed epistemology; it explores the origins of knowledge, how we validate its accuracy, and how we apply it. Nowadays, businesses possess more data than at any time in history, thanks to technology and data. However, possessing a wealth of information doesn’t necessarily equate to having substantial knowledge. The paper argues that Sensory analysis is an essential collection of techniques for gaining research and marketing insight into product consistency and variability. Although these sensory evaluations are straightforward and easy to implement; others are more intricate and necessitate training and expertise.
Keywords: Epistemology, Consumer, Ideas, Perception, Primary qualities, Secondary qualities
Balancing National Security and Human Rights: A Critical Analysis of Nigeria's Anti-Terrorism Laws
Get PDFUnder the Terrorism (Prevention) Act and other relevant laws, the long-serving war on terror in Nigeria has imposed robust counterterrorism measures. Implementation of the measures resulted in most barebones human right violations that surface serious concerns for checks and balances between national security exigencies and safeguard of liberties. The study is a discourse analysis of the anti-terrorism law of Nigeria scrutinizing its counter-terrorism efficacy and conformance with international human rights standards. Drawing from a doctrinal research approach for the study that critiques prominent concepts surrounding militarization or Islamic counter-terror 'war' and unlawful arbitrary detention and disappearance with political repressions in the name of security research. The scale of human rights violations under Nigeria's counterterrorism regime has been made clear by the Zaria Massacre, IPOB proscription and other human rights reports. Positive examples of balancing security and respecting human rights simultaneously: global international security frameworks such as the US Patriot Act, the UK Counter-Terrorism and Security Act, along with African frameworks such as from South Africa and Kenya through a cross-country review mega-analysis. The research reveals several shortcomings in the Nigerian counter-terrorism apparatus without adequate legal backing, judicial oversight or practiced accountability mechanisms for security agencies. The study, however, recommends legal and policy reforms to lay an appropriate balance between security and human rights sustainable with robust oversight of the judiciary as well as intelligence-led security practices while not sacrificing international human rights standards and transparency in counter-terrorism keeps. The provisions combined will allow Nigeria to respond with a degree of legitimacy to global security threats while keeping democratic principles and respect for human rights in the cloak of legal counterterrorist policy that national defence is other consideration with fundamental freedoms.
Keywords: National Security, Human Rights, Counterterrorism, Anti-terroris