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Composition of Jupiter irregular satellites sheds light on their origin
Get PDFContext. Irregular satellites of Jupiter with their highly eccentric, inclined and distant orbits suggest that their capture took place after the giant planet migration.
Aims. We aim to improve our understanding of the surface composition of irregular satellites of Jupiter to gain insight into a narrow time window when our solar system was forming.
Methods. We observed three Jovian irregular satellites, Himalia (JVI), Elara (JVII), and Carme (JXI), using a medium-resolution 0.8–5.5 µm spectrograph, SpeX on the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF). Using a linear spectral unmixing model we have constrained the major mineral phases on the surface of these three bodies.
Results. Our results confirm that the surface of Himalia (JVI), Elara (JVII), and Carme (JXI) are dominated by opaque materials such as those seen in carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. Our spectral modeling of NIR spectra of Himalia and Elara confirm that their surface composition is the same and magnetite is the dominant mineral. A comparison of the spectral shape of Himalia with the two large main C-type asteroids, Themis (D ~ 176 km) and Europa (D ~ 352 km), suggests surface composition similar to Europa.
The NIR spectrum of Carme exhibits blue slope up to 1.5 µm and is spectrally distinct from those of Himalia and Elara. Our model suggests that it is compositionally similar to amorphous carbon.
Conclusions. Himalia and Elara are compositionally similar but differ significantly from Carme. These results support the hypotheses that the Jupiter’s irregular satellites are captured bodies that were subject to further breakup events and clustered as families based on their similar physical and surface compositions.M.B. is funded by the Indian Space Research Organization through its post doctoral program.... Work by V.R. was funded by NASA Planetary Geology and Geophysics grants NNX14AN05G and NNX14AN35G. E.A.C. thanks the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the Manitoba Research Innovations Fund, the Canadian Space Agency, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and the University of Winnipeg for supporting the establishment and operation of the Planetary Spectrophotometer Facility.https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2017/12/aa30361-16/aa30361-16.htm
Library of Congress Subject Headings Related to Indigenous Peoples: a Project Changing LCSH for use in a Canadian Archival Context.
Get PDFThe Association for Manitoba Archives has created a database where members can deposit archival descriptions, to provide a central search for users. Library of Congress Subject Headings were also added, to provide a controlled subject vocabulary to use in the descriptions. Changes were made to LCSH to better describe material about or by Indigenous peoples, including: the word “Indian”; geographic place embedded in terms such as “Indians of North America”; changes related to Manitoba peoples specifically; and miscellaneous changes not part of a larger pattern. New terms were also added.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01639374.2017.1382641This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Cataloging & Classification Quarterly on 2017/10/30, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/01639374.2017.1382641
Sowing Hatred or Producing Prosperity: Agriculture and Believers in Post-World War II Communist Siberia
Get PDFhttps://jms.uwinnipeg.ca/index.php/jms/article/view/173
Visible/near-infrared spectral diversity from in situ observations of the Bagnold Dune Field sands in Gale Crater, Mars
Get PDFAs part of the Bagnold Dune campaign conducted by Mars Science Laboratory rover Curiosity, visible/near-infrared reflectance spectra of dune sands were acquired using Mast Camera (Mastcam) multispectral imaging (445–1013 nm) and Chemistry and Camera (ChemCam) passive point spectroscopy (400–840 nm). By comparing spectra from pristine and rover-disturbed ripple crests and troughs within the dune field, and through analysis of sieved grain size fractions, constraints on mineral segregation from
grain sorting could be determined. In general, the dune areas exhibited low relative reflectance, a weak ~530nm absorption band, an absorption band near 620 nm, and a spectral downturn after ~685nm consistent with olivine-bearing sands. The finest grain size fractions occurred within ripple troughs and in the subsurface and typically exhibited the strongest ~530nmbands, highest relative reflectances, and weakest red/near-infrared ratios, consistent with a combination of crystalline and amorphous ferric materials. Coarser-grained samples were the darkest and bluest and exhibited weaker ~530nm bands, lower relative reflectances,andstrongerdownturns in the near-infrared, consistent with greater proportions ofmafic minerals such as olivine and pyroxene. These grains were typically segregated along ripple crests and among the upper surfaces of grain flows in disturbed sands. Sieved dune sands exhibited progressive decreases in reflectance
with increasing grain size, as observed in laboratory spectra of olivine size separates. The continuum of spectral features observed between the coarse- and fine-grained dune sands suggests that mafic grains, ferric materials, and air fall dust mix in variable proportions depending on aeolian activity and grain sorting.This work was funded by the NASA Mars Science Laboratory Participating Scientist program through the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (contracts
1350588, 1449892, and 1546033). A portion of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under
a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The U.S. portion of ChemCam and MSL rover operations was funded by NASA’s Mars Exploration Program. The French contribution to MSL is supported by the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES)… E.A.C. thanks NSERC, CSA, CFI, and MRIF for supporting the UW Planetary Spectrophotometer Facility at UW.https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2016JE00518
Putting Local Knowledge into Action: The Forest-Community Innovation Network
No full textThe Forest-Community Innovation Network is a locally mandated national network that will support transdisciplinary research, education, and action to advance forest-community sustainability. This newly-formalized network builds on over a decade of work by a variety of forest groups to engage in public debate, grassroots organizing, technological and product innovation, and policy reform processes.Sustainable Forestry Initiative; Canadian Council for Aboriginal Business; The University of Winnipeg Department of Environmental Studies & Scences, and Centre for Forest Interdisciplinary Research
Promising Practices for the Hard to House
No full textPresentation on Supporting Successful Tenancies: Promising Practices for the Hard to Hous
Mixed-Income Housing Developments: Separating Myth from Reality
Get PDFPaper: 14pp., digital file.Mixed-income housing has long been promoted as a panacea to the largely-failed social
housing experiments of the mid-twentieth century. However, more often than not, the social mix philosophy leads to more problems than it solves. It amounts to a spatial solution to what are complex social and spatial problems. Moreover, the support for this approach calls into question its true motives: is it intended to truly benefit low-income populations or is it merely a form of stealth gentrification? A better solution would be to identify assets within existing low-income housing developments and increase investments in a targeted fashion, rather than expecting benefits to trickle down
Welfare Generosity and Well-being: Evidence from Canada
Get PDF"ERDE Research Project"This paper explores the association between provincial welfare generosity and well-being of poor Canadians. The well-being indicators include poverty incidence, depth of poverty, labor supply, time spent with kids, health status, happiness, and education. Using both macro and micro- level data over the years 1989 to 1996 and 1998 to 2009, I examine the link between welfare generosity and poverty. The micro-level information of General Social Survey (GSS) is used to correlate various indicators of well-being with measures of welfare generosity. The analysis of macro-level CANSIM data is used as a robustness check of the poverty estimation using GSS. In this study I considered total welfare generosity as well as the subcategories, social assistance and other social services spending, as the measure of welfare generosity. With regards to poverty, the result suggest no evidence of determinate relationship between total welfare generosity and poverty rate. However, generosity of social services is associated with a lower poverty rate, while generous income assistance is associated with a higher poverty rate. The total welfare generosity shows a significant association with reduction in employment rate and high school dropout rate among the poor. In the case of health, both total welfare generosity and social assistance appear as significant determinants of better health outcome of the poor. Receipt of other social services appear as a significant determinant of poor individuals time spent with kids and happiness
Language ideology of bilingual education policies for ethno-linguistic minorities in South Korea
Get PDFDrawing from the national and regional governments’ bilingual education policy documents for the languages of
ethno-linguistic minorities, we investigated the intersections between bilingual education in the languages of ethno-
linguistic minorities and language ideologies embedded in the selected policy documents. Applying a textual
analysis of the data (Fairclough, 1995, 2003; Wodak & Meyer, 2009), we (a) explored the ways neoliberal language
ideologies discursively (re)reproduced in the Korean national government’s bilingual education policy for teaching
the languages of ethno-linguistic minority students and their families in the school, and (b) examined how a regional
government interpreted the national ideological agenda. In doing so, we (c) analyzed the ways that the national
and regional governments applied the language-as-resource framework to legitimize bilingual competency and bilingualism
as a social norm in South Korea as well as a global norm in the globalized new economy where South
Korea is situated