1722 research outputs found
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Winnipeg's Chinatown: A Summary
Get PDFA summary of the City of Winnipeg's Chinatown in the downtown area. Describing the history, similarities, and future of Winnipeg's Chinatown
Millennial fire history reconstruction in the boreal forest of south-central Canada using lake-sediment charcoal, tree-ring and archival records
Get PDFThe Canadian boreal forest has been developing since the end of the last glaciation approximately 10,000 years ago. During this time, fire has modified the development of the forest by altering species distribution, stand structure and forest regeneration. With future climate changes, the fire frequency and annual area burned (AAB) are expected to increase with increasing temperatures. It remains unclear what effect this increase in fire frequency will have on the forest. Current projections of future fire are often based on relatively short environmental records and longer records are needed to capture variability in fire occurrence over millennia. In this study, a multi-millennial fire history was reconstructed for eight lakes from the Lake of the Woods Ecoregion (LWE) within the boreal forest of central North America using a combination of archival, tree-ring and lake sediment charcoal records. The archival record provided fire dates and area burned information for the period 1920 to 2010. A tree-ring fire history reconstruction was developed around eight lakes for the period 1690-2010 from stand initiation dates and fire scars. The fire history reconstruction was extended through lake sediment charcoal records obtained from overlapping sediment cores collected from eight lakes. For each lake, the sediment fire history reconstruction was obtained from macroscopic charcoal particles with an area >150 micrometers. Calculation of the Charcoal Accumulation Rate (CHAR) and subsequent peak analysis of the CHAR record allowed for the examination of changes in fire regime dating back to 2500 BP (500 BCE).
The archival and tree-ring records revealed recent large fires (>200 ha) in 1948, 1980 and 1989. An additional 17 fires were identified by the fire-scar record. Fire events in 1805, 1840, 1863, and the 1890’s were identified in numerous locations around multiple lakes suggesting that they were of large extents. In accordance with the tree-ring record, the CHAR peak record generally identified the major fires, with identification becoming less accurate for smaller fires and those in close succession. The CHAR record also tended to lag behind fires identified from tree-ring records by several decades. Within the LWE, the long-term charcoal record revealed that CHAR was higher for each lake in the earlier portion of the record followed by a progressive decrease towards the more recent record. Multi-millennial fluctuations in CHAR suggested that modern temperature increases could lead to higher fire frequency than that observed over the last two millennia.Master of Science in Biology, Technology and Public Polic
Eviction Prevention: Toolkit of Promising Practices
Get PDF38 p. : ill.This ‘toolkit and resource guide’ is intended to be a short, accessible guide for organizations wanting to help their tenants build long-term, stable tenancies. The toolkit provides an scan of tools used by organizations undertaking eviction prevention work — also known as housing retention or housing stabilization. This toolkit is based on the larger work, Holding On! Supporting Successful Tenancies for the Hard to House, which
reviews twenty-seven organizations in nine Canadian cities involved with housing the homeless or those at heightened risk of homelessness. The report reviews homelessness in Canada and intervention models, provides case studies of five programs, and reviews programming and best practices in eviction prevention. The twenty-seven organizations varied in size and model of service delivery, from small housing organizations to the largest provincial housing authorities, and from those offering small-scale in-house supports to those providing intensive Housing First interventions.Government of Canada: Homelessness Partnering Strateg
Indigenous Food Systems: A Viable Alternative to Food Security; A Case Study of the Irigwe Indigenous People of Kwall, in Bassa Local Government Area of Nigeria
Get PDFA thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Faculty of Graduate Studies (Indigenous Governance), The University of WinnipegDespite the central role that Indigenous foods can potentially play in meeting people’s food security needs in Nigeria, it has continually been ignored by Government and policy makers. With 65% of Nigerian’s considered food insecure, and a rapidly growing population, there are calls for a more sustainable food security policy. In order to highlight local prospects and encourage the recognition of Indigenous food and knowledge, this qualitative case study focused on the Irigwe Indigenous food system, from Kwall community, in Bassa Local Government Area (LGA), Plateau State, Nigeria. Interviews and talking circle were conducted for 30 participants to collect data on the Irigwe Indigenous food system: their food and its nutritional and medicinal value, the challenges that the people encounter in their bid to access their food and their insights on how their community’s food security can be improved. Participants were able to identify 23 Indigenous foods (grains, tree plants, vegetables and fish) they utilize for nutritional and medicinal purposes. Ibre (Eleusine coracana) and riti (Vernonia amygdalina) are examples of some foods with nutritional, medicinal and cultural significance. 18 participants said they use their food for both nutritional and medicinal value. Subsistence farming is the dominant means by which participants access their food. 10 participants access their food exclusively through farming. Other means of accessing food include wild food harvesting, sharing, exchange and purchase. Among all the challenges participants face in accessing their food, human insecurity is the dominant challenge facing participants. Other challenges include environmental challenges, threats to Indigenous species and developmental challenges. Participants suggested that dry season farming should be made more accessible, and traditional farming techniques should be more innovative in order to attain sustainable food security in households and the community at large. They would also want to participate in policy discussions and programme implementation.Master of Arts in Indigenous Governanc
The Informal Sector and Tax Revenue Drive: A Nigerian Case Study
Get PDFThere has been a recent need to boost internally generated revenue in Nigeria due to the fall in the price of oil, upon which Nigeria has been dependent for revenue. The Nigerian government's attention has been drawn to the massive size of the informal sector from which little or no taxes are being collected. To resolve this discrepancy, it plans to introduce a presumptive tax regime aimed at taxing the firms in the informal sector. In this paper, I analyze the effect of different presumptive taxation policies on the size of the informal sector, tax revenue, output and welfare. Results show that an assessment in the form of proportional presumptive tax seems to be more efficient than a uniform lump-sum presumptive tax. However, I also show that in certain cases, the optimal policy for a government that cares about inequality would be a proportional presumptive tax with size-based "tax holiday" for informal firms who operate with less than a prescribed capital threshold
Inventaire national des interventions des commissions scholaires pout soutenir le bien-être des élèves LGBTQ: Rapport Final
Get PDFL’Inventaire national a été entrepris afin d’élaborer un tableau détaillé des formes et de l’étendue des interventions de système scolaire dans le but de soutenir le bien-être des élèves homosexuels et lesbiens, bisexuels, transgenres, bispirituels, altersexuels et en questionnement (LGBTQ) dans les commissions scolaires dans tout le pays. L’étude visait aussi à mieux comprendre la façon dont les autorités des conseils scolaires associent certaines interventions à certains résultats, afin que nous puissions choisir les rapports intervention/résultat qu’il serait important de tester dans les autres phases du plus grand projet. Ces phases impliquent une évaluation systématique des résultats des interventions grâce aux analyses des données de santé de la population disponible pour les commissions ou régions où les mesures décrites ont été largement mises en oeuvre, et par des évaluations des interventions sur le terrain et par des études de cas.Cette étude a été financée par la bourse nº MOP119472 des Instituts de recherche en santé du Canada : Institut de la santé des femmes et des hommes, et Institut de la santé publique et des populations (Elizabeth Saewyc, chercheuse principale)
Ecosystem Perceptions in Flood Prone Areas: A Typology and Its Relationship to Preferences for Governance
Get PDFA shift appears to be occurring in thinking about flooding, from a resistance-based approach to one of resilience. Accordingly, how stakeholders in flood-prone regions perceive the system and its governance are salient questions. This study queried stakeholders’ internal representations of ecosystems (resistance- or resilience-based), preferences for governance actors and mechanisms for flooding, and the relationship between them in five different regions of the world. The influence of personal experience on these variables was also assessed. Most respondents aligned themselves with a resilience-based approach in relation to system connectedness and response to disturbance; however, respondents were almost evenly split between resistance- and resilience-based approaches when considering system management. Responses generally were considered to hold for other disturbances as well. There was no clear relationship between internal representations and preferences for governance actors or mechanisms. Respondents generally favoured actor combinations that included governments and mechanism combinations that included regulations and policies. Those
who had personal experience with flooding tended to align themselves with a resilience-based internal representation of system management, but personal experience showed no clear relationship with governance preferences. The findings support an evolutionary perspective of flood management where emerging paradigms enhance preceding ones, and prompt a critical discussion about the universality of resilience as a framing construct.Financial support for the CADWAGO project from Riksbankens Jubileumsfond, the Volkswagen Stiftung and Compagnia di San Paolo through the Europe and Global Challenges programme, as well as the Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency (MSB).https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/8/5/19
Physiological responses of three species of unionid mussels to intermittent exposure to elevated carbon dioxide
Get PDFFreshwater systems are at risk owing to increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, and one of the possible reasons for these elevations is the deployment of non-physical fish barriers to prevent invasive fish movements. Carbon dioxide barriers have the potential to create short, chronic and intermittent exposures of CO2 for surrounding freshwater biota. Although intermittent exposures to a stressor may be more ecologically relevant, the majority of laboratory tests use chronic or short-term time periods to determine how organisms will respond to an environmental stressor. Measurements of the physiological responses of three species of unionid mussel, giant floaters (Pyganodon grandis), threeridge (Amblema plicata) and plain pocketbook (Lampsilis cardium), exposed to control pCO2 (~1000 μatm) or intermittent conditions of pCO2 (ranging from ~1000 to ~55 000 μatm) 12 times per day over a 28 day period were gathered. There was no indication of recovery in the physiological responses of mussels between applications of CO2, suggesting that the recovery time between CO2 pulses (1.5 h) was not sufficient for recovery from the CO2 exposure period (0.5 h). Observations of acid–base and stress responses were consistent with what has been observed in chronic studies of freshwater mussels exposed to elevated pCO2 (i.e. elevations in HCO3−, Ca2+, Na+ and glucose, and decreases in Mg2+ and Cl−). However, species differences were observed across almost all variables measured, which emphasizes the need for multispecies studies."This work was supported by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources and the United States Geological Survey, through funds provided by the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Great Lakes Restoration Initiative."https://academic.oup.com/conphys/article/4/1/cow066/275336
Oral History and the Common Good
No full texthttps://oralhistorycentre.ca/2016/01/05/oral-history-and-the-common-good
Roman Women, Wise Women, and Witches
Get PDFIn this article I explore the connections among the physiological effects of envy, the stereotypes that adhered to old women, and the literary representations of witches in Roman society, arguing that it is possible to get some perspective on healing methods employed by real female specialists."The University of Winnipeg provided financial support for this research."https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7834/phoenix.70.1-2.010