Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
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An Experimental Study to Evaluate the Action of Zincum Phosphoricum of Various Potencies against Boron Induced Toxicity in Solanum lycopersicum through Hydrophonic System
No full textAgro homoeopathy is a boon now a days, where homoeopathy is acting like a fertilizer, insecticide and add more nutritive value. It is helping the public with organic veggies. This study is regarding boron toxicity in Solanum lycopersicum, where with hydrophonic system boron toxicity is induced and been treated with Zincum Phosphoricum of different potencies. After the study few potencies of Zincum Phosphoricum showed a drastic influence in the total yield of the plant. 
Comparison of Infiltration Rates of Soils for Run-Off Management and Irrigation Planning in Makurdi Benue State, Nigeria
No full textUnderstanding of initial infiltration rates and steady state infiltration rates of soil is very important for runoff management and irrigation scheduling. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi in 2018 to evaluate the initial and steady state infiltration rates of soils in Makurdi, Nigeria. Infiltration test was carried out using double ring infiltrometer at eighteen points. Initial and steady state infiltration rates and the cumulative infiltration were then calculated. Soil samples were collected from the adjacent area of the marked points at 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depths for routine analysis. Undisturbed soil samples were also collected for the measurement of saturated hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, total porosity and moisture content determination. Simple descriptive statistic of mean, variance and standard deviation was used to analyze the data. The soils were predominantly sandy loan texture, with percentage sand, silt and clay as 710.7, 118.9, and 170.4 g kg-1 respectively. Soil bulk density and saturated hydraulic conductivity were 1.40 g cm-3 and 10.27 cm hr-1 at 0 – 15 cm depth, while soil organic carbon and CEC were 0.67 % and 6.62 cmol/kg respectively. The initial infiltration rate ranged from 7.40 - 87.46 mm hr-1 with a mean of 44.09 mm hr-1, meanwhile, the steady state infiltration rate ranged between 4.99 – 22 mm hr-1, with a mean value of 15.42 mm hr-1. High soil bulk density caused moderate to low infiltration capacity. The mean values for the steady state infiltration rate suggest that the soils of the study area have moderate infiltration capacity, therefore, water application for irrigation should be less or equal to the infiltration capacity of the soils to minimize water loss by surface runoff and erosion
Soil Acidity Formation and its Amelioration Methods in Ethiopia: A Review
No full textSoil acidification is one of the problems of chemical soil degradation affecting soil productivity in the world. This paper attempts to explain the concept of soil acidification, the causes of soil acidification and the methods to remedy it. Farmers need simple and sustainable techniques to improve acidic soils and increase yields of their chosen crops. Recommendations for reclamation of acid soils need to be adapted to new developments, such as liming, use of acid-tolerant crop varieties, integrated soil fertility management, and application of organic fertilizers. This review addresses the causes and management mechanisms of soil acidification and the resulting effects on soil fertility and crop yield. It also provides important information on management options to address soil acidity and improve overall soil fertility, as well as other organic amendments that can be applied to bring soil acidity to the desired pH and improve soil quality and health. Integrated management of acidic soils increases yield stability and maximizes nutrient use efficiency
Improving and Sustaining some Soil Properties by Application of some Soil Amendments and N- Fertilizer and its Effect on Productivity of Wheat and Rice Crops under Salt-Affected Soils
No full textTwo field experiments were conducted at El-Hamoul, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt, over two seasons, winter 2020/2021 and summer 2021, to improve and sustain some soil properties and productivity both of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) by adding phosphogypsum (PG), vermicompost (VC), and different rates of nitrogen fertilizers to salt-affected soils. Split plot design was used to arrange the experimental designs. Soil amendments were used in the main plots: T1: Control, T2: PG (10.39Mg ha-1)equivalent to 100% gypsum requirement (GR), (Mg = 1000kg), T3:VC(10Mg ha-1)and T4: PG (10.39Mg ha-1)+ VC (5Mg.ha-1). The N-fertilization subplots were N1: 50%, N2: 75% and N3: 100% of the N-recommended dose. The obtained results revealed that soil amendments significantly (P ≤ 0.01) reduced electrical conductivity (ECe, dSm-1), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP, %), soil bulk density (kg m3), and soil penetration resistances (Mpa), while PG + VC treatment had the lowest values afterharvesting both of wheat and rice. In addition, the combination treatment (PG + VC) showed significantly increased for cation exchange capacity (CEC), soil porosity (%), and soil basic infiltration rate (IR, cm h-1) after harvesting both of wheat and rice. 1000-grain weight, grain, and straw yield of wheat and rice were highly significantly increased by application of PG , VC and increased up to 100% from N recommended and they attained the highest values due to the interaction of 100%PG + 50%VC + 100% N, which may be suggested to be applied under this circumstance
Influence of Wastes of Taro Leaf, Sugar Beet and Saw Dust on Physiochemical Parameters of Produced Vermicompost
No full textClimatic change and its negative impacts may consider as one of the big global challenges, and eliminate soil and water availability time by time. Adding organic fertilizers (i.e. vermicompost) as soil amelioration may consider as one of effective approaches in order to recover soil degradation and enhance water retention in soil. Through vermicomposting, agro-wastes are converted into vermicompost that rich in humus, growth promoters (i.e. amino acids, growth hormones) and nutrients. Obtained results of this study indicated that these agro-wastes resulted in varying of physiochemical parameters and vermicompost content of amino acids and growth promoters. Whereas, adding Saw Dust (SD) to Cow dung (CD) during vermicomposting resulted in raising Organic matter and N content. Meanwhile, adding SD to Fish Sludge (FS) resulted in increment in C:N ratio and P content in vermicompost. Besides, adding Taro leaf (TL) to cow dung during vermicomposting led to increment in amino acids. In addition, adding Sugar Beet (SB) to cow dung during vermicomposting resulted in raising Abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GA3) content. Moreover, these different agro-wastes resulted in varying microbial activity and the highest activities produced when TL adding to FS during vermicomposting. Finally, these different agro-wastes led to differing in antimicrobial activity in produced vermicompost. From the results of the study, research team concluded that there is a great potential to produce vermicompost with specific quality that may play a crucial role in combat climatic change particularly reinforce tolerant plant to drought stress
Effect of Altitudinal Gradient and Selected Land-use Systems on the Physicochemical Properties of Soils in the Eastern Flank of Mount Cameroon
No full textThe physicochemical properties of soils within the Mount Cameroon region are constantly changing due to their altitudinal gradient and diverse land-use systems. This modification poses a threat to the inhabitants of this area as their livelihood depends on these soils. Information about an impact of altitude and land-use systems on soil physicochemical properties in the eastern flank of Mount Cameroon is scanty and needs investigation. Soil samples, collected from different land-use systems along altitudinal gradients within the Buea zone (older lava flow) and Ekona zone (20th century lava flow), were analysed for their physicochemical properties using standard methods. The relationships among soil properties; altitude and land-use systems were established using correlation analysis and the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Sand and clay varied significantly (p<0.05) with altitude. Soils under mixed cropping with legumes had the highest pH values while those under mixed cropping without legumes had the lowest pH values. Calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) dominated the exchange complex. Total nitrogen (N) and organic carbon (OC) ranged from 0.18 % and 1.50 %, respectively in soils under mixed cropping without legumes to 0.81 % and 6.55 %, respectively in soils under fallow land. There were significant (p<0.05) positive correlations between pH and Ca2+, pH and effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC), pH and moisture content (MC), and Ca2+ and MC. Soils from the Ekona zone located at the leeward side of the mountain and receiving more essential nutrients from the weathering of the young lava flow had a better-quality potential compared to soils from the Buea zone located at the foot of an older lava flow. The Ekona zone could be harnessed for extensive agricultural activities. Management practices should therefore take into account all cultural practices, which enrich soils for sustainable crop production and soil maintenance
The Influence of the Invasive Plant Taraxacum officinale (FH Wigg) on Soil Characteristics
No full textThe study which was aimed at detecting the effects of the properties of Taraxacum officinale on the characteristics of the soils was carried out in a garden in Use Offot Community in Uyo, Akwa Ibom state using the purposive sampling method. The samples were collected at a depth of 0-30 cm from different points in the study area, and were bulked into one composite sample. Standard procedures were adopted in the analyses of the soil sample and the results of the analysis of the sample showed that the soil with Taraxacum officinale had a neutral soil pH (7.055) as against the control soil which had a slightly acidic pH (6.72). The organic carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphorus contents were 0.78 %, 0.04 %, and 87.04 mg/kg respectively. The average cation exchange capacity (3.25 cmol/kg) was low; also the soil texture of the samples were identified as loamy sand. These values revealed that Taraxacum officinale had effects on the physicochemical properties of the soil it grew on
Effect of Organic Manures and Mineral Fertilizers on Soil Properties and Yield of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
No full textAims: Under the intensive agriculture system, it is crucial to maintain the soil fertility for the sustainability of crop production. Therefore, the study was conducted in the experimental field of the Department of Soil Science of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur to investigate the effect of different manures in combination with synthetic inorganic fertilizers on growth, yield and yield contributing characters of BARI Mistimorich 1 (Capsicum annuum L.), a variety of sweet pepper. Nutrient content of capsicum and soil fertility status were also assessed.
Materials and Methods: The field trial was established following a randomized complete block design (RCBD) having four replicates. Treatments of the field trial included T1= 100% recommended dose of chemical fertilizers (RDCF), T2= 10t/ha cowdung (CD) + IPNS based chemical fertilizers (CF), T3=10t/ha poultry manure (PM) + IPNS based chemical fertilizers (CF) and T4= 10t/ha vermicompost (VC) + IPNS based chemical fertilizers (CF).
Results: Experimental results reveal that application of organic manures in combination with chemical fertilizers produced significantly higher plant height, plant weight, number of branches per plant, number of flowers per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, total yield and nutrient content and uptake in sweet pepper. Organic manures (CD, PM and VC) in combination with chemical fertilizers ensured higher nutrient uptake when compared with the sole application of inorganic fertilizers. Among the treatments, vermicompost treated plots gave the higher yield of sweet pepper and improved the post-harvest soil nutrient status.
Conclusion: Vermicompost was found to be suitable as substitute of other organic manures for the production of capsicum
Impact of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Contributing Characters of Mustard (Brassica napus L.)
No full textBangladesh is a densely populated country where the oil crisis is one of the major issues. On the other hand, the balanced fertilizer used is lacking until now. The purpose of the study is to investigate the yield of Mustard (Brassica napus L.) Binasarisha-9 is influenced by the different applications of organic fertilizers. The experiment was conducted at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), substation, Satkhira during the rabi season of 2020-2021 to observe the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the yield of mustard (Brassica napus L.) viz Binasarisha-9 and determine the best dose of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers for optimum yield of mustard (Brassica napus L.) viz Binasarisha-9. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) comprising five treatments (T1= Absolute control, T2=recommended dose chemical fertilizer (RDCF), T3=50% RDCF+ 5t/ha vermicompost, T4= 50% RDCF+ 5t/ha poultry manure, T5= 50% RDCF+ 5 ton/ha cow dung) with three replications were executed to conduct the study. Mustard (Brassica napus L.) was responded significantly to T3 treatment (50% RDCF+ 5t/ha vermicompost). The highest mustard yield was recorded (2.14 tons/ha) from T3 treatment whereas the lowest mustard (Brassica napus L.) yield (0.81 ton/ha) was obtained from T1= (absolute control) treatment. Balanced nutrient management application significantly increased mustard yield compared to the imbalanced treatment. Organic fertilizers (vermicompost, poultry manure, cow-dung) showed better nutrient uptake compared to chemical fertilizers. However, vermicompost tends to be the most suitable organic source for higher yield and thus is the proper substitute of the most commonly used nutrient sources for the production of mustard
Growth, Yield and Grain Arsenic Concentration of Rice Cultivars under Varying Levels of Soil Arsenic Contamination
No full textArsenic (As) contamination in groundwater is a severe and widespread problem in Bangladesh and their exposure cause a serious health hazard in human history. A pot experiment was conducted in the net-house of the Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh using fourteen cultivars of rice (Summer rice) to evaluate the effects of varying levels of As contamination on growth, yield and grain As contents. Arsenic contamination adversely affected tillering, filled grains, grain yield and straw yield of all rice cultivars, however, the effect varied among the cultivars. In As control treatment, the highest grain yield (75.66 g pot-1) was observed in BR 11 while the lowest grain yield (8.73 g pot-1) was in BRRI dhan4. Application of 20 ppm As to the soil resulted in complete death of BR 11, BRRI dhan30, BRRI dhan33, BRRI dhan34, BRRI dhan41, Binadhan-4, Biroy and Kalizeera cultivars. Arsenic contamination significantly increased As concentration in grain for all cultivars of rice. Arsenic concentration on rice grains grown in soils without As contamination ranged from 0.06 ppm in BR 11 to 0.13 ppm in BRRI dhan32 and BRRI dhan41, while such values ranged from 0.231 ppm in Kalizeera with 10 ppm As to 0.743 ppm in BRRI dhan40 with applied 20 ppm As to soils. Among the 14 rice cultivars BRRI dhan32, BR 11 and Najirshail appeared to be more tolerant to As contamination