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The role and integrity of subjects in the public procurement system in the prevention of corruption
Get PDFGALAMAGA, Dorina. The role and integrity of subjects in the public procurement system in the prevention of corruption. In: Development Through Research and Innovation - 2022 [online]: The 3nd International Scientific Conference: Online Conference for Researchers, PhD and Post-Doctoral Students, August 26th, 2022, Chişinău. Chişinău, ASEM, 2022, pp. 142-153. ISBN 978-9975-3590-5-4 (PDF).The field of public procurement is one of the most vulnerable to corruption, and ensuring the integrity of subjects involved in public procurement constitutes a current approach to corruption prevention and research. Strengthening the integrity of public procurement subjects is an essential measure to prevent corruption, because public procurement is one of the key areas in which the public sector and the private sector interact financially. However, this interaction is based on public money, which attracts the corrupt subjects to illegal activities, due to the position they hold, they take advantage of public funds in personal interest or of a group at the expense of the general interest. Specifically, this paper researches the general conceptions of public procurement and integrity, the national normative framework regarding integrity in public procurement, identifies and analyzes the categories of subjects, their role, the causes and consequences of non-compliance with integrity in the public procurement system. In conclusion, it is deduced that the lack of integrity of subjects in the public procurement system generates not only deficient policies, norms and procedures, but endangers public respect for the government, erodes the rule of law, distorts the economy of a country and seriously affects the fundamental rights of citizens. CZU: [347.232:351.7]+[346.544.6:343.352]; JEL: D73; DOI: https://doi.org/10.53486/dri2022.1
Counterparty evaluation analysis: russian and foreign experience
Get PDFBYCHKOVA, Svetlana, SHVETS, Oxana. Анализ оценки контрагентов: российский и зарубежный опыт = Counterparty evaluation analysis: russian and foreign experience. In: International scientific conference on accounting, ISCA 2022 [online]: Collection of scientific articles = Culegere de articole științifice, 11 Edition, April 1-2, 2022. Chişinău: ASEM, 2022, pp. 23-32. ISBN 978-9975-155-92-2 (PDF).Статья посвящена рассмотрению основных подходов к оценке благонадежности контрагентов при принятии решения о предполагаемом сотрудничестве с ними. В современных условиях сбор комплексной информации о потенциальном деловом партнере рассматривается как необходимое условие проявления должной осмотрительности организацией. С другой стороны, оценка контрагента в ходе процедуры договорной дью дилидженс может рассматриваться как инструмент обеспечения финансовой безопасности экономического субъекта. В статье определены основные преимущества и недостатки каждой из рассмотренных методик анализа потенциального делового партнера на предмет его добросовестности. Отдельным аспектом проводимого исследования стало рассмотрение особенностей реализации указанных подходов в российской и зарубежной практике оказания услуги договорной дью дилидженс. CZU: [005.591.43:005.342](100+470+571); JEL: M49; DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7059375
************************************************************************************************************************************* The article is devoted to the consideration of the main approaches to assessing the reliability of counterparties when deciding on the proposed cooperation with them. In modern conditions, the collection of comprehensive information about a potential business partner is considered as a necessary condition for the organization to exercise due diligence. On the other hand, the counterparty's assessment during the contractual due diligence procedure can be considered as a tool to ensure the financial security of an economic entity. The article identifies the main advantages and disadvantages of each of the considered methods of analyzing a potential business partner for his integrity. A separate aspect of the research was the consideration of the specifics of the implementation of these approaches in the Russian and foreign practice of providing contractual due diligence services. CZU: [005.591.43:005.342](100+470+571); JEL: M49; DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.705937
Regulation of the banking sector – between the needs of the market and the risks of over-regulation
Get PDFDERMENGI, Daniela. Regulation of the banking sector – between the needs of the market and the risks of over-regulation. In: Development Through Research and Innovation - 2022 [online]: The 3nd International Scientific Conference: Online Conference for Researchers, PhD and Post-Doctoral Students, August 26th, 2022, Chişinău. Chişinău, ASEM, 2022, pp. 180-184. ISBN 978-9975-3590-5-4 (PDF).The crises of the 21st century have imposed to rethink the international regulatory and supervisory framework of the banking sector, in order to strengthen the banking risk management and restore trust in the banking system. Basel III came as a response to the global financial crisis of 2008. The compliance to the new international prudential regulatory standards it is considered necessary and beneficial. This ensures the international coherence of regulations, aspect that is so necessary in the age of globalization. Likewise, by complying with the minimum prudential requirements, the temptation to relax certain regulations in "good times" is avoided and thus the costs of a possible crisis is reduced. In the process of complying with international regulations, the authorities must evaluate the costs and benefits of each decision, in order to evaluate the needs of the market, the impact and the potential risks. Likewise, it is important that each regulatory initiative to be clearly communicated to the financial institutions, but also to the general public, in order to achieve the intended effects. CZU: 336.02+[336.71.078.3:336.711.6](100+478); JEL: G28 GOVERNMENT POLICY AND REGULATION; DOI: https://doi.org/10.53486/dri2022.2
Historical analysis of stock market participation in Türkiye
Get PDFÖZEN, Ercan. Historical analysis of stock market participation in Türkiye. In: Competitiveness and Innovation in the Knowledge Economy [online]: 26th International Scientific Conference: Conference Proceeding, September 23-24, 2022. Chişinău: ASEM, 2022, pp. 333-339. ISBN 978-9975-3590-6-1 (PDF).Investor participation is an important element for sustainable Stock markets. Sustainable stock market participation can allows sustainable funds for companies, for their investment and national economic development. In some developing countries low investor participation is an important problem. Thus the aim of the paper is to find out main factors affect the investor participation in Turkish Stock Market. Monthly and Quarterly Data covers from 2003 to 2022 has been used for this aim. By the Correlation analysis it has been revealed that the relationship between investor numbers and macroeconomic data. Lee Strazicich LM unit root test show that break point of the time series of the investor numbers. There are main two factors affect investor numbers in Türkiye (Turkey). One of them is 2008 global financial crisis and another one is 2018 new local macroeconomic policy in Türkiye. Findings show that the country has not yet sustainable policies for stable participants in stock market. CZU: 336.761:330.322(091)(560); JEL: E22, D24, O16; DOI: https://doi.org/10.53486/cike2022.4
Aspects of municipal waste management
Get PDFDIACONU, Amelia, PLATAGEA GOMBOS, Svetlana, DINU, Mihai, ANGHELUTA, Sorin Petrica, SABIE, Oana Matilda. Aspects of municipal waste management. In: 30 years of economic reforms in the Republic of Moldova: economic progress via innovation and competitiveness [online]: The International Scientific Conference dedicated to the 30th Anniversary of the establishment of the Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, September 24th-25th, 2021, Chisinau. Chișinău: ASEM, 2022, vol. 1, pp. 77-87. ISBN 978-9975-155-61-8.The growth of the urban population, as well as the industrial growth, contributes to the increase of the quantities of generated waste. These can affect the environment. In the European Union, the population has a predominantly urban distribution. For this reason, the article analyzes issues related to municipal waste generated. Failure to use raw materials to the maximum leads to rapid depletion of natural resources. Also, in this situation the amounts of waste can increase. The degree of global warming is also influenced by the way the products are made. Thus, in addition to household waste, municipal waste also includes waste generated by small businesses and institutions. For European Union member states, the article presents an analysis of the degree to which municipal waste is treated. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53486/9789975155618.11; CZU: [005:628.4]:061.1EU; JEL: Q53, Q5
Activitatea de creditare a persoanelor juridice în condițiile actuale
Get PDFCÎRLAN, Ana. Lending activity of legal entities in the current conditions = Activitatea de creditare a persoanelor juridice în condițiile actuale. In: 30 years of economic reforms in the Republic of Moldova: economic progress via innovation and competitiveness [online]: The International Scientific Conference dedicated to the 30th Anniversary of the establishment of the Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, September 24th-25th, 2021, Chisinau. Chișinău: ASEM, 2022, vol. 3, pp. 405-414. ISBN 978-9975-155-66-3.Lately, innovations and technological progress in the banking sector have generated new perspectives for banks in the Republic of Moldova. In the conditions of the financial crisis, both the National Bank of Moldova and the licensed banks pay special attention to the loan portfolio. This indicator reflects the quality of credit portfolio management, which therefore influences the situation of the banking system as a whole. Therefore, the issue of setting up a loan portfolio of the bank, which has minimal risk elements and is able to bring in maximum income, is relevant. ************************************************************************************************************************************* În ultimul timp, inovațiile și progresul tehnologic din sectorul bancar au generat noi perspective pentru băncile din Republica Moldova. În condițiile crizei financiare, atât Banca Națională a Moldovei, cât și băncile licențiate, concentrează o atenție deosebită portofoliului de credite. Acest indicator reflectă calitatea gestiunii portofoliului de credite care, prin urmare, influențează situația sistemului bancar în ansamblu. Așadar, problema constituirii unui portofoliu de credite al băncii, care posedă elemente de risc minim și este capabil să aducă venituri maxime, este relevantă. În urma cercetării vom preciza principalele direcții de optimizare a activității băncilor pe baza analizei organizării procesului de creditare a persoanelor juridice și elaborarea decizii de îmbunătățire a calității portofoliului de credite prin optimizarea etapelor procesului de creditare. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53486/9789975155663.52; CZU: 336.77(478); JEL: E51, G21
Generating of Hamilton full favoring apportionments
Get PDFBOLUN, Ion. Generating of Hamilton full favoring apportionments. In: 30 years of economic reforms in the Republic of Moldova: economic progress via innovation and competitiveness [online]: The International Scientific Conference dedicated to the 30th Anniversary of the establishment of the Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, September 24th-25th, 2021, Chisinau. Chișinău: ASEM, 2022, vol. 3, pp. 189-198. ISBN 978-9975-155-66-3.Aspects of full favoring of small beneficiaries in apportionments using Hamilton method are discussed. For this purpose, the requirements of full favoring Hamilton apportionments were defined and the AHS algorithm for determining such apportionments is described. Then, calculations which confirm the opportunity of using the AHS algorithm in this aim were performed. JEL: DOI: https://doi.org/10.53486/9789975155663.22;
CZU: 330.46; C61, C63
Politici bugetar-fiscale în Republica Moldova și impactul lor asupra evoluției echilibrului financiar public
Get PDFRACU, Cătălina. Budgetary-fiscal policies in the Republic of Moldova and their impact on the evolution of the public financial balance = Politici bugetar-fiscale în Republica Moldova și impactul lor asupra evoluției echilibrului financiar public. Coord. șt.: MĂRGINEANU, Aureliu. In: Simpozion Ştiinţific Internațional al Tinerilor Cercetători, (8-9 aprilie 2022) [online]: Culegere de lucrări ştiinţifice. Ediţia a 20-a. Chişinău: ASEM, 2022, vol. 2, pp. 92-95. ISBN 978-9975-3590-3-0 (PDF).The aim of the paper is to systematize the financial balances at the level of all budget links within the budget system, as follows: ensuring public financial balance, differentiating the components of structural and vertical imbalance, modeling financial flows within the budget system and formulatingdirections for action public financial balance.The structure of the paper, according to the intended objectives, includes: introduction, three chapters, conclusions and recommendations. The conclusions and proposals represent a synthesis of the analyzed topic and propose us the main directions of transforming the current budgetary policy into an active state policy in order to relaunch the economic activity. CZU: 336.221.22:330.364(478); JEL: G28; DOI: https://doi.org/10.53486/9789975359030.1
Мультикультурные стратегии в туристической деятельности
Get PDFСИРОТЕНКО, Галина. Multicultural strategies in tourism activities = Мультикультурные стратегии в туристической деятельности. In: 30 years of economic reforms in the Republic of Moldova: economic progress via innovation and competitiveness [online]: The International Scientific Conference dedicated to the 30th Anniversary of the establishment of the Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, September 24th-25th, 2021, Chisinau. Chișinău: ASEM, 2022, vol. 2, pp. 166-168. ISBN 978-9975-155-64-9.Актуальность темы исследования заключается в том, что определяющее значение в развитии туристической индустрии в Молдове приобретает национальная система ее управления. Это предопределено тем, что сфера туризма, как и любая региональная функциональная экономическая среда, существует и действует в условиях активного взаимодействия с общественным окружением. Базой регулирования туризма в Молдове является Закон «Об организации и осуществлении туристической деятельности» (№ 352-XVI от 24 ноября 2006 г.), который регулирует государственную политику в области туризма, организацию и продвижение туристической деятельности в стране, права и обязанности туристов, вопросы их страхования и безопасности, экономическую деятельность в области туризма, международную деятельность, вопросы создания и функционирования национальных туристических зон, а также профессиональную подготовку в области туризма. Рассматривается мультикультурализм как важная составляющая, влияющая на эффективное развитие туристической деятельности в Молдове. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53486/9789975155649.25; CZU: 316.72:338.486(478); JEL: Z3
Optimizarea automată a planului de producere în baza trendurilor veniturilor
Get PDFCOANDĂ, Ilie. Automated optimization of the production plan based on the revenue trends = Optimizarea automată a planului de producere în baza trendurilor veniturilor. In: 30 years of economic reforms in the Republic of Moldova: economic progress via innovation and competitiveness [online]: The International Scientific Conference dedicated to the 30th Anniversary of the establishment of the Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, September 24th-25th, 2021, Chisinau. Chișinău: ASEM, 2022, vol. 3, pp. 217-220. ISBN 978-9975-155-66-3.This paper proposes a way to automate the development of a production plan that maximizes the company's revenue, while meeting customer requirements for different products that compete with the raw material in manufacturing and meet the constraints on available resources. Based on the trends for each product, a higher priority is given to products that offer a greater increase in total revenue. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53486/9789975155663.25; CZU: 658.5:004.451; JEL: C63, I21, I23, I25, I29