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Influencia de la formación previa en el clima motivacional percibido en estudiantes de enseñanzas superiores de música
Get PDFEl propósito de este estudio se centra en analizar la influencia del clima motivacional en estudiantes de enseñanzas superiores de música. Este alumnado destaca por la búsqueda de la excelencia amparada por una formación rigurosa y muy orientada al logro. La investigación, realizada en dos países, España y Portugal, analiza variables formativas como la formación académica previa, el nivel de estudios alcanzado y el conocimiento de idiomas a través de una metodología cuantitativa bajo un enfoque interpretativo de los datos obtenidos. Los resultados revelan que el clima de ego es más prevalente al inicio de los estudios y en disciplinas más teóricas como la composición frente a especialidades interpretativas, mientras que el clima de tarea es dominante en especialidades con mayor carga lectiva colectiva y entre aquellos estudiantes cuya dedicación es exclusiva a los estudios musicales. La conclusión principal destaca que el clima motivacional ejerce una influencia directa en el éxito de estas enseñanzas, particularmente en relación con las variables formativas estudiadas. Este hallazgo subraya la importancia de considerar el impacto que ejerce el ambiente motivacional percibido por los estudiantes en su éxito académico, sugiriendo implicaciones prácticas para adaptar estrategias pedagógicas según las particularidades de cada disciplina y el nivel de dedicación de los estudiantes a la música.
 
Subjetividades y personalidades sonoras: Narrativa musical en la ópera Caupolicán de Remigio Acevedo
Get PDFThis article analyzes the construction of subjectivities and sonic personalities in the opera Caupolicán (1902) by Chilean composer Remigio Acevedo. Through an examination of the libretto and its musicalization, it explores how the work configures different narrative figures and contrasting psychological profiles that transcend mere historical representation to articulate a framework of sonic identities. The analysis reveals how Acevedo uses specific musical resources—such as rhythmic oppositions, differentiated choral textures and contrasting harmonic treatments—to build distinctive sound profiles that define the characters, both individual and collective. The musical characterization of the indigenous hero, the female figures (Fresia and Tegualda) and the opposition between the Mapuche and Spanish choirs as manifestations of subjectivities in tension are particularly studied. This approach allows understanding the opera not only as an artifact of national construction, but as a space for negotiation and configuration of multiple identities that reflect the ambivalences and contradictions of the Chilean national project of the early 20th century.Este artículo analiza la construcción de subjetividades y personalidades sonoras en la ópera Caupolicán (1902) del compositor chileno Remigio Acevedo. A través de un examen del libreto y su musicalización, se explora cómo la obra configura distintas figuras narrativas y perfiles psicológicos contrastantes que trascienden la mera representación histórica para articular un entramado de identidades sonoras. El análisis revela cómo Acevedo utiliza recursos musicales específicos—como oposiciones rítmicas, texturas corales diferenciadas y tratamientos armónicos contrastantes—para construir perfiles sonoros distintivos que definen a los personajes, tanto individuales como colectivos. Se estudia particularmente la caracterización musical del héroe indígena, las figuras femeninas (Fresia y Tegualda) y la oposición entre los coros mapuche y español como manifestaciones de subjetividades en tensión. Este enfoque permite comprender la ópera no solo como un artefacto de construcción nacional, sino como un espacio de negociación y configuración de identidades múltiples que reflejan las ambivalencias y contradicciones del proyecto nacional chileno de principios del siglo XX
Children’s Choral Songs as a Socio-Cultural Tool in Shaping Collective Consciousness
Get PDFThe relevance of the topic is determined by the need to preserve cultural identity in the context of globalization, the importance of music for the development of emotional intelligence, social skills, and aesthetic perception in children. The aim of the study was to identify the impact of choral singing on the development of a child’s personality, particularly in the formation of collective consciousness, social integration, and the preservation of cultural traditions. To analyse the development of choral art in Kosovo and its impact on children, historical-chronological, socio-cultural approaches, and surveys were used. These methods allowed the exploration of the evolution of choral tradition, its role in shaping national identity, and the emotional intelligence of children. The results of the study showed that choral singing has a positive impact on children’s development. Most participants (85%) noted that they enjoy participating in the choir, and 78% said it helps them make new friends. Teachers (90%) emphasized that choral singing develops communication skills, discipline, and forms national consciousness. 75% of children believe that the choir helps them better understand other cultures, confirming the role of music as a tool for intercultural dialogue. Innovative methods, such as interactive exercises, multimedia use, creative approaches to the repertoire, and interdisciplinary integration, make the learning process more effective and interesting. The conclusions of the study confirmed that choral singing is an important pedagogical tool that contributes to the formation of a child’s personality, the development of their social, emotional, and cultural skills
I DE "ÍNDIO": Representação dos povos indígenas nos livros didáticos de alfabetização
Get PDFLaw 11,645/08 establishes mandatory teaching of indigenous history and culture in Brazil, and its presence throughout the school curriculum as a whole. Thus, we analyzed Portuguese language textbooks, intended for the 1st and 2nd years of elementary school, from the “Pitanguá Mais” and “Bem-me-quer mais” collections, seeking to understand how indigenous peoples and the various aspects of indigenous culture are portrayed in literacy books. To this end, we used bibliographic and documentary research. The research revealed that the representation of indigenous peoples in literacy textbooks falls short of expectations. If, in the past, they were represented generically, mainly in the presentation of the letter I, in the books analyzed, we can see, in addition to generalizations, a significant erasure of indigenous history and culture.
La Ley 11645/08 hace obligatoria la enseñanza de la historia y la cultura indígena en Brasil, y debe estar presente en todo el currículo escolar. Así, analizamos libros de texto en lengua portuguesa, destinados al 1º y 2º año de la escuela primaria, de las colecciones “Pitanguá Mais” y “Bem-me-quer mais”, tratando de entender cómo los pueblos indígenas y los diversos aspectos de la cultura indígena son representado en los libros de alfabetización. Para ello, recurrimos a la investigación bibliográfica y documental. La investigación demostró que la presencia de los pueblos indígenas en los libros de texto de alfabetización está muy por debajo de las expectativas. Si bien antes se les representaba de forma genérica, principalmente en la presentación de la letra I, en los libros analizados observamos que, además de generalizaciones, también encontramos una importante omisión de la historia y la cultura indígenas.A Lei 11.645/08 torna obrigatório o ensino da história e cultura indígena no Brasil, devendo estar presentes no âmbito de todo o currículo escolar. Assim, analisamos os livros didáticos de Língua Portuguesa, destinados aos 1º e 2º anos do Ensino Fundamental, das coleções “Pitanguá Mais” e “Bem-me-quer mais”, buscando compreender como os povos indígenas e os diversos aspectos da cultura indígena são representados nos livros de alfabetização. Para tanto, utilizamo-nos da pesquisa de naturezas bibliográfica e documental. A pesquisa nos mostrou que a presença dos povos indígenas nos livros didáticos de alfabetização está muito aquém do esperado. Se outrora eles eram representados de forma genérica, principalmente na apresentação da letra I, nos livros analisados podemos perceber que, além das generalizações, ainda encontramos um significativo apagamento da história e cultura indígena
DIMENSÕES DA MOTIVAÇÃO ACADÊMICA PROMOVIDA POR PROFESSORES DO PROGRAMA DE MESTRADO EM EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR, MODALIDADE VIRTUAL, DO CEPIES-UMSA
Get PDFThis investigation aims to identify the dimensions of academic motivation promoted by CEPIES professors in their educational practice within virtual environments in the 2023 management. To this end, it considers a consolidated theoretical framework on virtual environments, academic motivation, and learning theories related to the theme. “The evaluation instrument was applied to identify the levels of academic motivation that are promoted by postgraduate teachers in virtual environments,” validated by experts, built based on indicators and dimensions of Deci and Ryan's Self-Determination Theory. The sample comprises 66 professors from the CEPIES-UMSA Master’s Program, offered in a virtual modality. It is considered non-representative, intentional, and voluntary, and teaching a subject in virtual modality during the 2023 administration represents a selection criterion. The results show that professors promote more extrinsic motivation than intrinsic motivation in their virtual classes (68% intrinsic to 71% extrinsic motivation). On the other hand, 9% of professors always point to signs of demotivation in students, 14% almost always, 17% frequently, and 40% perceive demotivation at different levels in students. These results exhibit the need to manage this theme and develop educational proposals focused on academic motivation in virtual environments in didactic training.La presente investigación tiene como objetivo identificar las dimensiones de motivación académica que son promovidas por los docentes del CEPIES, en su práctica educativa, en entornos virtuales, en la gestión del 2023, con este fin se ha partido de un marco teórico consolidado sobre aprendizaje en entornos virtuales, motivación académica y teorías de aprendizaje relacionada a ese tema. Se aplicó “el instrumento de evaluación para identificar los niveles de motivación académica que son promovidas por los docentes en posgrado en entornos virtuales” validado por expertos, construido en base a indicadores y dimensiones de la Teoría de la Autodeterminación de Deci y Ryan. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 66 docentes del Programa de Maestría, modalidad virtual, del CEPIES-UMSA, tipificándose la muestra como no representativa, intencional y voluntaria, teniendo como criterio de selección que estuvieran impartiendo alguna asignatura en la modalidad virtual en la gestión 2022. Los resultados demuestran que los docentes promueven en sus clases virtuales más la motivación extrínseca que la intrínseca, (68% intrínseca a 71% extrínseca), y por otro lado, los docentes en un 9% siempre evidencian indicios de desmotivación en los estudiantes casi siempre un 14%, con frecuencia un 17 % sumando un 40% que perciben desmotivación en diversos grados en los estudiantes. Estos resultados presentan la necesidad de atender este tema y desarrollar propuestas educativas en formación en didáctica en motivación académica en entornos virtuales.Esta investigação tem como objetivo identificar as dimensões da motivação acadêmica promovida por docentes do CEPIES em sua prática educativa em ambientes virtuais, na gestão de 2023. Visando isso, se partiu de um marco teórico consolidado acerca de ambientes virtuais, motivação acadêmica e teorias de aprendizagem relacionadas. Se aplicou “o instrumento de avaliação para identificar os níveis de motivação acadêmica que são promovidas por docentes na pós-graduação em ambientes virtuais”, validado por experts, construído com base em indicadores e dimensões da Teoria da Autodeterminação de Deci e Ryan. A amostragem é composto de 66 docentes do Programa de Mestrado do CEPIES-UMSA, modalidade virtual, tipificada como mostra não-representativa, intencional e voluntária, tendo como critério de seleção aqueles que lecionaram na modalidade virtual na gestão de 2022. Os resultados demonstram que os docentes promoveram a motivação extrínsica mais do que a intrínseca em suas aulas (68% intríseca e 71% extrínseca). Por outro lado, 9% dos docentes sempre evidenciam indícios de desmotivação dos estudantes, 14% quase sempre, 17% frequentemente, e a soma 40% percebem a desmotivação em diferentes níveis entre estudantes. Estes resultados apresentam a necessidade de atender ao tema e desenvolver propostas educativas na formação didática acerca da motivação acadêmica em ambientes virtuais
What is the best protocol for diagnosing syphilis in pregnant women and newborns?
Get PDFSyphilis is a systemic disease caused by Treponema pallidum and may be diagnosed using treponemal and non-treponemal tests. In order to verify the concordance of the rapid test for syphilis in pregnant women and newborns, when compared to the venereal disease research laboratory test (VDRL) and the need for confirmatory tests, a study was carried out in a public hospital in the north of Espírito Santo. To analyze the pregnant women, rapid tests and the VDRL test were applied. If one or both tests were positive, the confirmatory T. pallidum hemagglutination test (TPHA) was applied. The results indicated that 146 (52.9%) out of the 276 samples tested positive for both methods (VDRL and rapid test). In total (276), 91 (33.0%) samples were positive for the rapid test, and 55 (19.9%) samples were positive for VDRL. Out of the 91 reactive samples for the rapid test, 53 (58.2%) were positive for both tests, and 38 (41.7%) were positive only for the rapid test. Of the 55 VDRL positive samples, 53 (96.4%) were positive for both tests, and only two samples (3.6%) were positive solely for VDRL. Additionally, three rapid test samples were classified as inconclusive by the testing team, with one (1.1%) of them being positive in the VDRL examination. On the other hand, 89 samples (32.2%) remained positive when the confirmatory test was carried out, and 35 (39.3%) of the pregnant women whose syphilis diagnosis was confirmed by the TPHA were positive only for the rapid test. The VDRL and TPHA tests were applied to newborns, and 61.0% and 97.6% (25 and 40 individuals, respectively) were positive. The results indicate that there is a need to adjust the diagnostic procedure for newborns and that the implementation of the rapid test in prenatal care can provide early access to the diagnosis and treatment of syphilis in pregnant women and their sexual partners.
KEY WORDS: Congenital syphilis; comparison test; prenatal; rapid test; VDRL; indirect hemagglutination-T. pallidum hemagglutination testSyphilis is a systemic disease caused by Treponema pallidum and may be diagnosed using treponemal and non-treponemal tests. In order to verify the concordance of the rapid test for syphilis in pregnant women and newborns, when compared to the venereal disease research laboratory test (VDRL) and the need for confirmatory tests, a study was carried out in a public hospital in the north of Espírito Santo. To analyze the pregnant women, rapid tests and the VDRL test were applied. If one or both tests were positive, the confirmatory T. pallidum hemagglutination test (TPHA) was applied. The results indicated that 146 (52.9%) out of the 276 samples tested positive for both methods (VDRL and rapid test). In total (276), 91 (33.0%) samples were positive for the rapid test, and 55 (19.9%) samples were positive for VDRL. Out of the 91 reactive samples for the rapid test, 53 (58.2%) were positive for both tests, and 38 (41.7%) were positive only for the rapid test. Of the 55 VDRL positive samples, 53 (96.4%) were positive for both tests, and only two samples (3.6%) were positive solely for VDRL. Additionally, three rapid test samples were classified as inconclusive by the testing team, with one (1.1%) of them being positive in the VDRL examination. On the other hand, 89 samples (32.2%) remained positive when the confirmatory test was carried out, and 35 (39.3%) of the pregnant women whose syphilis diagnosis was confirmed by the TPHA were positive only for the rapid test. The VDRL and TPHA tests were applied to newborns, and 61.0% and 97.6% (25 and 40 individuals, respectively) were positive. The results indicate that there is a need to adjust the diagnostic procedure for newborns and that the implementation of the rapid test in prenatal care can provide early access to the diagnosis and treatment of syphilis in pregnant women and their sexual partners.
KEY WORDS: Congenital syphilis; comparison test; prenatal; rapid test; VDRL; indirect hemagglutination-T. pallidum hemagglutination tes
Sobre lugares relacionais vivenciados na pesquisa em prisões: engendrando corpos, espaços e imagens
Get PDFBased on ethnographic research with transvestites in the prison system, the theoretical and methodological implications of the dual identity as researcher and prison guard experienced in the field are discussed. An ongoing dialogue with various collaborators throughout the research allowed for a refinement of spatial notions experienced in and from the prison space, allowing for an understanding of thedynamics of the research subjects beyond confinement and the identities they displayed in the field. Reflections on the mutual constitution of gender, sexuality, and the state are brought together with the realms of anthropology and image, suggesting possible methodological advances for studies of prison spaces.
Keywords: prisons; ethnography; prison guards; relational space; incarceratedLGBTI+ peopleA partir de investigaciones etnográficas con travestis en el sistema penitenciario, se discuten las implicaciones teórico-metodológicas de la doble identidad como investigador y funcionario penitenciarioexperimentado en el campo. El diálogo continuo con diferentes colaboradores a lo largo de la investigación permitió refinar las nociones espaciales vividas en y desde el espacio carcelario, permitiéndonos comprender la dinámica de los sujetos de la investigación más allá del encierro y las identidades allí identificadas. Se comparan reflexiones sobre la constitución mutua del género, la sexualidad y el Estado con el campo de la antropología y la imagen, señalando posibles avances metodológicospara los estudios sobre los espacios carcelarios.
Palabras clave: prisiones; etnografía; carcelero; lugar relacional; personasLGBTI+ encarceladas.A partir de pesquisa etnográfica com travestis no sistema prisional, discute-se as implicações teórico-metodológicas da dupla identidade como pesquisador e agente prisional vivenciadas em campo. Interlocução contínua com colaboradoras(es) diversos ao longo da pesquisa possibilitaram o refinamento de noções espaciais vivenciadas no e a partir do espaço prisional, permitindo compreender a dinâmica dos sujeitos da pesquisa para além do confinamento e das identidades ali assinaladas. Reflexões sobre a mútua constituição de gênero, sexualidade e Estado são cotejadas ao campo da antropologia e imagem, apontando possíveis avanços metodológicos para os estudos sobre espaços prisionais.
Palavras-chave: prisões; etnografia; agente penitenciário; lugar relacional; pessoas LGBTI+ aprisionadas
Avaliação de estratégias de melhoramento de feijão-fava para o Nordeste brasileiro
Get PDFLima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) is a socioeconomically significant crop in the Northeast region of Brazil, providing income and food security. This study aimed to evaluate the breeding strategy of the lima bean breeding program at the Universidade Federal do Piauí by estimating genetic parameters, analyzing agronomic trait relationships and predicting genetic gains. Six breeding populations were assessed, and 13 agronomic traits were evaluated. The estimated heritabilities (h²) were high, indicating favorable conditions for selection. The correlation coefficients indicated strong associations among most traits, particularly those related to pods and seeds. These findings indicate that the simultaneous improvement of multiple traits is unfeasible under the current breeding framework, as with any other breeding program. Thus, it is essential to prioritize selection targets such as cycle and quality of pods and seed. The H01 population was notable because of its short cycle and white-seeded phenotype, both being desirable traits for breeding. The H81 and H94 populations also showed potential, exhibiting commercially relevant traits such as large seed size and high 100-seed weight.
KEYWORDS: Phaseolus lunatus L., plant breeding, agronomic evaluation.O feijão-fava (Phaseolus lunatus L.) é uma cultura de relevância socioeconômica para o Nordeste brasileiro, proporcionando segurança alimentar e renda. Objetivou-se avaliar a estratégia adotada pelo programa de melhoramento de feijão-fava da Universidade Federal do Piauí, estimando parâmetros genéticos, análise das relações entre características agronômicas e predição de ganhos genéticos. Seis populações de melhoramento foram avaliadas, sendo analisadas 13 características agronômicas. As herdabilidades (h²) estimadas foram elevadas, indicando condições favoráveis à seleção. Os coeficientes de correlação evidenciaram fortes associações entre a maioria das características, sobretudo aquelas relacionadas a vagens e sementes. Estes resultados indicam que o aprimoramento simultâneo de múltiplas características é impraticável na estrutura atual do programa, assim como em qualquer outro programa de melhoramento, sendo, portanto, essencial a priorização de alvos de seleção, como ciclo e qualidade de vagens e sementes. A população H01 destacou-se pelo ciclo reduzido e sementes brancas, ambas características desejáveis para o melhoramento. As populações H81 e H94 também demonstraram potencial, exibindo características de interesse comercial como elevado tamanho de sementes e peso de 100 sementes.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Phaseolus lunatus L., melhoramento genético, avaliação agronômica
A inscrição de Uma carta tão longa, de Mariama Bâ, em dois sistemas culturais
Get PDFThis study examines the novel So Long a letter, by Mariama Bâ, through the prism of its inscription in the two cultural systems present in Dakar, Senegal, at the time the narrative was written (1979): hyperand hypoculture. In order to demonstrate this inscription within the two cultural systems, we analyze the establishment of the narrative voice, as well as the composition of female characters who are important to the unfolding of the plot. The study led to the conclusion that the tensions experienced in the context of post-independence Senegal are present in Bâ’s text in these two narratological categories. This research was based on works by Diop (1993), Dia (2003), among others.El presente estudio examina la novela Mi carta más larga, de Mariama Bâ, a través del prisma de su inscripción en los dos sistemas culturales presentes en Dakar, Senegal, en la época en que se escribió la narrativa (1979): la hipercultura y la hipocultura. Para demostrarlo, analizamos el establecimiento de la voz narrativa, así como la composición de algunos personajes femeninos importantes para el desarrollo de la trama. El estudio permitió llegar a la conclusión de que las tensiones vividas en el contexto del Senegal posterior a la independencia están inscritas en el texto de Bâ en estas dos categorías narratológicas. Esta investigación se basó en trabajos de Diop (1993), Dia (2003), entre otros.Este estudo examina o romance Uma carta tão longa, de Mariama Bâ, sob o prisma de sua inscrição nos dois sistemas culturais presentes em Dakar, Senegal, à época da tessitura da narrativa (1979), a saber: a hiper e a hipocultura. A fim de demonstrar essa inscrição nos dois sistemas culturais, analisamos a instauração da voz narrativa, bem como a composição de personagens femininas importantes para o desenrolar da intriga. O estudo permitiu a conclusão de que as tensões experimentadas no contexto do Senegal pós-independência encontram-se incrustadas no texto de Bâ nessas duas categorias narratológicas. Essa investigação baseou-se em trabalhos de Diop (1993), Dia (2003), entre outros.