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Strong Self-Propelled Swing Motion Due to the Growing Instability on Heat Transfer
No full textWe report that pendulums having a hot tip immersed in water exhibit a strong self-propelled swing motion. This large swing motion is observed when the temperature of the hot tip becomes that of the nucleate- to film-boiling regime. We propose a model that explains how the strong swing motion occurs owing to the growing asymmetrical instability of heat transfer from the hot tip to the water; i.e., the small swing motion increases the asymmetrical heat transfer and consequently accelerates the swing motion in the liquid. We believe that our findings will contribute significantly to a new class of self-propelled devices and energy conversion systems that convert waste heat into usable energy.ArticleJOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN.89(6):064402(2020)journal articl
Direct simulation on nonlinear thermokinetic phenomena due to induced-charge electroosmosis
No full textPreviously, we proposed a novel mechanism to produce a nonlinear thermokinetic phenomenon (NTKP) around a metal cylinder in an electrolyte on the basis of analytical discussion. In this study, by using a non-steady direct multi-physics simulation technique based on the Stokes equation coupled with the electroosmotic equation that considers normal diffusion, electrophoresis and thermal diffusion, we directly verify the NTKP and show that the original driving force is the excess ions pressed on the particle by the thermokinetic force and that the NTKP vortex flow around the particle is generated by the interaction between the excess ion and the electric field that is made by the excess ions and/or the Seebeck electric field due to the blocking boundary condition on the wall. Namely, two types of NTKP exist and they are explained in a self-consistent manner by our new theory. In addition, through the discussion of a dielectric particle, we show that the NTKP is a general phenomenon that can be found in both metal and dielectric particles. We believe that our findings provide a new unified viewpoint to understand complex thermokinetic phenomena near metal and dielectric particles.ArticleJOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS.855:736-769(2018)journal articl
A Rare Complication of Retrograde Ejaculation after Lumbar Sympathetic Block and its Spontaneous Recovery : A Case Report
No full textArticle信州医学雑誌 69(1): 53-56(2021)journal articl
alpha '-expansion of antisymmetricWilson loops in N=4 SYM from Fermi gas
No full textWe study the large 't Hooft coupling expansion of 1/2 BPS Wilson loops in the antisymmetric representation in N = 4 super Yang-Mills (SYM) theory at the leading order in the 1/N expansion. ViaAdS/CFT correspondence, this expansion corresponds to the alpha ' expansion in bulk type IIB string theory. We show that this expansion can be systematically computed by using the low temperature expansion of the Fermi distribution function, known as the Sommerfeld expansion in statistical mechanics. We check numerically that our expansion agrees with the exact result of antisymmetricWilson loops recently found by Fiol and Torrents.ArticlePROGRESS OF THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS.(11):113B05(2016)journal articl
次代の地域ブランド構築と大学の役割
No full text地域ブランドの浸透は,ランキングや認定制度など新たな価値基準を生み出した.それに対応するため各ブランドは,グローバル化への対応,エビデンスの強化,ブランド維持のための産学官民の連携体制構築など新たな取り組みを求められるようになっている.これら新たな社会的価値への対応はブランド提供者の責務である.しかし,地域ブランドの送り手は,小さな組織の集合体であることが多く,対応が困難な場合も多い.地域の一員として,専門機関として,ミッションとして,地域ブランド構築に関し大学への期待が寄せられている.また,大学も地域ブランド構築への参加を好機と捉えて,研究や教育に活用することが重要となっている.Article産学連携学.13(1):39-47(2016)journal articl
Population-level transition of capsular polysaccharide types among sequence type 1 group B Streptococcus isolates with reduced penicillin susceptibility during a long-term hospital epidemic
No full textOver a 35-month period, group B Streptococcus isolates with reduced penicillin susceptibility (PRGBS) were detected from elderly patients at a regional hospital in Japan, accompanying population-level transition of PRGBS serotypes. The genetic relatedness of 77 non-duplicate PRGBS from 73 patients was analysed. Serotype III PRGBS predominated (16 serotype III/1 serotype Ib) in the first 9 months (period I), then 3 serotype Ib isolates appeared transiently for the next 3 months (period II), which was replaced predominantly by serotype Ia (20 serotype Ia/1 serotype III/1 non-typeable) for 9 months (period III). In the last 14 months (period IV), besides 25 serotype Ia isolates, 10 serotype III were also identified. Serotypes III and Ia isolates, belonging to ST1, shared G329V, G398A, V405A and G429D substitutions in penicillin-binding protein 2X. Of three strains subjected to whole-genome sequencing, serotype III strain SU12 (period I) had a higher degree of genomic similarity with serotype Ia strain SU97 (period III) than serotype Ib strain SU67 (period II) based on average nucleotide identity and single nucleotide polymorphisms. Analysis of the cps gene clusters and the upstream and downstream flanking sequences revealed that disruption of the hyaluronidase gene located upstream of cpsY by insertion of IS 1548 was found in strain SU12, whereas Delta ISSag8 was inserted between tRNA-Arg and rpsA genes located downstream of cpsL in strain SU97. Interestingly, most serotype III PRGBS re-emerging in period IV had this tRNA-Arg-Delta ISSag8-rpsA region. Capsular switching and nosocomial transmission may possibly contribute to population-level serotype replacement among ST1 PRGBS isolates. (c) 2018 Elsevier B.V. and International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved.ArticleINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS.53(3):203-210(2019)journal articl
模擬運転テストにおけるブレーキ操作と手掌部発汗反応 : 認知・注意機能との関連性
No full text高齢者50名を対象に模擬運転テストとMini Mental State Examination(MMSE)、Trall Making test (TMT)を実施し、危険場面と危険予測場面のブレーキ操作および手掌部発汗反応と認知・注意機能との関連を検討した。危険場面では84.3%の被験者がブレーキを踏み、手掌部発汗の増加を認めたが、危険予測場面では反応の個人差が大きかった。ブレーキ操作や発汗反応のみられない被験者では、MMSEとTMTの成績にばらつきが大きく、反応の個人差には認知・注意機能が影響していると思われた。Article発汗学.25(2):32-36(2018)journal articl
Peripherally acting mu-opioid antagonist for the treatment of opioid-induced constipation: Systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textBackground and Aim Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is a frequent adverse event (AE) that impairs patients' quality of life (QOL). Peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonists (PAMORAs) have been recognized as a treatment option for OIC, but the effect consistent across the studies has not been evaluated. Methods We conducted a quantitative meta-analysis to explore the efficacy of PAMORA for OIC (registered with PROSPERO: CRD42018085298). We systematically searched randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in Medline, Embase, and Central databases. Change from baseline in spontaneous bowel movements, pooled proportion of responders, QOL, and AEs were calculated and compared with results in placebo cases. Results We included 31 RCTs with 7849 patients. A meta-analysis revealed that patients under PAMORA therapy had considerably improved spontaneous bowel movement from baseline compared with those given placebo (20 RCTs; mean difference, 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-1.68; n = 5622) and more responded (21 RCTs; risk ratio [RR], 1.81; 95% CI, 1.55-2.12; n = 4821). Moreover, QOL of patients receiving PAMORA was significantly better (8 RCTs; mean difference, -0.22; 95% CI, -0.28 to -0.17; n = 2884). AEs were increased significantly in the PAMORA group (26 RCTs; RR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.06-1.15; n = 7715), especially in gastrointestinal disorders, whereas serious AEs were not significant (17 RCTs; RR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.85-1.28; n = 5890). Conclusion Peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonist has been shown to be effective and durable for patients with OIC and is the only drug with confirmed evidence in meta-analysis. The possibility of publication bias was the limitation of this study.ArticleJOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY.34(5):818-829(2019)journal articl