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学習支援を学修成果に結びつけるための設計と運営
No full textDespite university efforts to improve teaching and learning, industry leaders do not rate learning outcomes very highly. In response, learning assistance, which forms one basis of university learning, must be designed for the whole period of undergraduate education and become a specialized professional field in itself. Our roundtable also suggests practical improvements, such as: 1) providing writing instruction in the first year based on Writing Across the Curriculum to nurture studentsʼ critical thinking regarding their own disciplines; 2) partnering learning assistance with courses to encourage students to use the services provided; and 3) measuring the effect of learning assistance with studentsʼ academic performance and through the IR dataset currently under development. These measures connect learning assistance to learning outcomes, which will help to ensure that the expectations of employers and future graduates will be met.Article大学教育学会誌.40(2):99-102(2019)journal articl
Mapping growing stock volume and biomass carbon storage of larch plantations in Northeast China with L-band ALOS PALSAR backscatter mosaics
No full textReliable spatial information on growing stock volume (GSV) and biomass is critical for creating management strategies for plantation forests. This study developed empirical models to map the GSV and biomass of larch plantations (LPs) in Northeast China (1.25 million km(2) total area) by integrating L-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data with ground-based survey data. The best correlation model was used to map the GSVs and biomasses of LPs. The total GSV and biomass carbon storage were estimated at 224.3 +/- 59.0 million m(3) and 113.0 +/- 29.7 x 10(12) g C with average densities of 85.1 m(3) ha(-1) and 42.9 10(6) g x C ha(-1), respectively, over a total area of 2.64 million ha. The saturation effect of SAR was determined beyond 260 m(3) ha(-1), which was expected to influence the estimations for a small proportion of the study area. The accuracy of the estimations has limitations mainly due to the uncertainties in the GSV inventories, discrimination of natural larch and the SAR dataset. Based on the mapping results of the GSVs of LPs, a planning strategy for multipurpose management was tentatively proposed. This study can inform policies and management practices to assure broader and sustainable benefits from plantation forests in the future.ArticleINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING.39(22):7978-7997(2018)journal articl
Electrodeposition of Ag/CNT Composite Films from Iodide Plating Baths
No full textAg/carbon nanotube (CNT) composite films were prepared by electrodeposition from non-cyanide baths. An iodide bath and multiwalled CNTs were used. The stability of the iodide bath under ambient conditions at various pH levels was examined, along with the changes in visual appearance, pH, and triiodide ion (I-3(-)) concentration. The electrodeposition was conducted under galvanostatic conditions using iodide baths with and without CNTs. The microstructure of the Ag and Ag/CNT composite films was characterized, and the hardness, electrical conductivity, and coefficient of friction of the films were measured. The iodide bath was stable at higher pH levels under ambient conditions. The obtained Ag/CNT composite films exhibited a compact structure, and CNTs were homogeneously distributed in the interior of the deposited Ag matrix. The CNT content in the deposits increased with increasing CNT concentration in the plating bath. The hardness of the Ag/1.2 mass%-CNT composite film was 63.2 HV, which was slightly greater than that of the Ag film (60.4 HV). The resistivity of the composite film was 1.9 mu omega cm, which was slightly higher than that of the pure Ag film (1.8 mu omega cm). The coefficient of friction of the composite film was lower than that of the Ag film.ArticleJOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY. 167(12):122515 (2020)journal articl
看護専門学校教員の臨地実習におけるカンファレンス教授活動と教師効力感との関連
No full text本研究は、看護専門学校で行われている実習カンファレンスの実態を把握し、看護専門学校教員の実習カンファレンス教授活動が学生の学修効果促進に影響するかを検討するため教員の臨地実習でのカンファレンス教授活動自己評価と教師効力感との関連を知ることを目的とした。全国から無作為に抽出した看護専門学校教員を対象に質問紙調査をし、252名から協力が得られた（有効回答率56.6％）。結果、実習カンファレンス教授活動自己評価尺度得点と教師効力測定尺度得点は、ピアソンの相関係数.572で正の相関が認められ、実習カンファレンス自己評価と教師効力感は関係性があることが確認された。また、教師効力感が高い看護教員は実習カンファレンス教授活動自己評価下位尺度の「Ⅱ看護現象の解説と原理への統合」、「Ⅲ目標達成の査定によるカンファレンス展開方法の決定」が有意に教師効力測定尺度得点の高さに寄与していた。この結果から、学生の学修効果促進に影響する教員の実習カンファレンス教授活動のあり方の示唆が得られ、今後学生の学修効果促進に焦点を当てた実習カンファレンス教授活動の検討資料として活用できると考える。The purpose of this research was to evaluate the performance of nursing school teachersʼ behavior during a clinical Nursing Practice session, and its eff ect on the promotion of student learning. The research also aimed to examine the relationship between clinical teaching behavior in conference, and teacher self-effi cacy evaluation.A nationwide questionnaire targeting randomly selected nursing school teachers yielded a sample of 252 participants, with a response rate of 56.6%. The result obtained a positive Pearson coeffi cient of correlation of .572, which confi rmed that there is a relationship between clinical teaching behavior and teachersʼ self-effi cacy evaluation.Nursing teachers with high scores on the teacher self-effi cacy evaluation contributed signifi cantly to the eff ectiveness of clinical teaching behavior in conference sub-scales Ⅱ（Explanation of nursing phenomena and integration into principles）and Ⅲ（Determining how to run the conference by assessing achievement of goals）.These results suggest that teaching behaviors in conference may promote the effectiveness of student learning, and can be used in the consideration of materials to further promote student learning.departmental bulletin pape
看護師がかかえる足のトラブルとナースシューズに対する認識
No full text目的：看護師が認識している、自身の足の健康への関心や、現在履いている業務用シューズへの関心および期待を明らかにすること。研究方法：機縁法で選定した4施設で勤務する経験5年以上の看護師6名を対象にグループインタビューを行い、内容分析を行った。結果：『看護師がかかえる足のトラブルと対応』『ナースシューズに対する認識』『ナースシューズの選び方・買い方』の3つの分類と16のカテゴリーが抽出された。ナースシューズはもともと不潔扱いであることや靴に関する情報不足により、より安価なものを自前で購入し、汚れたら捨てるという行動をとっていた。更に靴の機能性よりも脱ぎ履きしやすいという利便性を重視していた。考察：看護師が足の健康トラブルがなく、ナースシューズを履き続けるための看護師個人への働き掛けと、看護師の足の健康を守るための組織としての支援のあり方について示唆を得た。Purpose: The purpose of this study is to clarify nursesʼ perceptions about their own foot health, their interest and expectation of shoes wearing for business use.Methods: A group interview was conducted for 6 nurses with more than 5 years of experience working in 4 facilities selected by the snowball sampling, and the contents were analyzed.Results: As a result, three theme and 16 categories were extracted: “Nursesʼ foot problems and responses”, “Perceptions of nurse shoes” and “How to choose and buy nurse shoes”. Nurses were perceived that shoes wearing at hospitals were originally filthy, and the nurses had lack of information about shoes, so they bought cheaper items and discarded them when they got dirty. In addition, the emphasis was on the convenience of taking off the shoes rather than the functionality of the nurse shoes.Discussion: The result suggests that there are needs for approach for nurses and their organizations to continue wearing nurse shoes without any troubles of their feet.departmental bulletin pape
Artificial carbon cilium using induced charge electro-osmosis
No full textArtificial cilia are promising as a next generation microfluidic device. In this study, we experimentally report that fibrous carbon wires produced by the self-organization process show cilium motions due to induced charge electro-osmosis (ICEO) under AC electric fields in water. In particular, we experimentally demonstrate that the carbon ICEO cilium with a branching wire structure shows asymmetric beating motion. We believe that our findings will contribute to the research of artificial cilia having asymmetrical motions, which would provide net propulsion in a low Reynolds number regime.ArticleAIP ADVANCES.10(5):055302(2020)journal articl
High-speed side-shooter using Leidenfrost phenomena
No full textLiquid delivery systems are important in microfluidic applications. In this paper, we report a high-speed side-shooter using a simple plate-like hot protrusion placed on the lower edge of a hot slope. In particular, we experimentally show that the side-shooter launches a droplet with a high speed (similar to 15 cm/s). We propose a simple model to explain the side-shooting phenomenon; i.e., the hot protrusion causes an increase in the surface energy due to the formation of a new folded surface, which results from a new Leidenfrost phenomenon coupled with the protrusion, and therefore, the droplet can be launched at a high speed on the hot slope with a low friction due to the ordinary Leidenfrost phenomenon. A comparison of the theoretical results with the experimental results shows that they are in good agreement with each other. We believe that our side-shooter will play an important role in microfluidics in the future. Published under license by AIP Publishing.ArticleJOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS.125(13):134502(2019)journal articl
Molecular Dipole Osmosis Based on Induced Charge Electro-Osmosis
No full textWe propose a novel mechanism of producing a large nonlinear electrokinetic vortex flow around a nonconductive polar molecule in an electrolyte. That is, a large nonlinear electrokinetic slip velocity is derived by considering a local giant permittivity due to a molecular electric dipole moment with induced-charge electro-osmosis (ICEO). Different from the conventional ICEO theory, our theory predicts that a nonconductive biomaterial, such as a base of a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecule, has a significantly high ICEO flow velocity because of its large local permittivity. We consider that our findings will contribute markedly to promising biomedical applications.ArticleJOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN.85(9):094003(2016)journal articl
Cellular Responses of Human Lymphatic Endothelial Cells to Carbon Nanomaterials
No full textOne of the greatest challenges to overcome in the pursuit of the medical application of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) is safety. Particularly, when considering the use of CNMs in drug delivery systems (DDSs), evaluation of safety at the accumulation site is an essential step. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity of carbon nanohorns (CNHs), which are potential DDSs, using human lymph node endothelial cells that have been reported to accumulate CNMs, as a comparison to fibrous, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and particulate carbon black (CB). The effect of different surface characteristics was also evaluated using two types of CNHs (untreated and oxidized). In the fibrous MWCNT, cell growth suppression, as well as expression of inflammatory cytokine genes was observed, as in previous reports. In contrast, no significant toxicity was observed for particulate CB and CNHs, which was different from the report of CB cytotoxicity in vascular endothelial cells. These results show that (1) lymph endothelial cells need to be tested separately from other endothelial cells for safety evaluation of nanomaterials, and (2) the potential of CNHs as DDSs.ArticleNANOMATERIALS. 10(7):1374 (2020)journal articl
Porcine liver decomposition product-derived lysophospholipids promote microglial activation in vitro
No full textCognitive impairments such as dementia are common in later life, and have been suggested to occur via a range of mechanisms, including oxidative stress, age-related changes to cellular metabolism, and a loss of phospholipids (PLs) from neuronal membranes. PLs are a class of amphipathic lipids that form plasma membrane lipid bilayers, and that occur at high concentrations in neuronal membranes. Our previous study suggested that a porcine liver decomposition product (PLDP) produced via protease treatment may improve cognitive function at older ages, by acting as a rich source of PLs and lysophospholipids (LPLs); however, its specific composition remains unclear. Thus, the present study used a novel liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric (LCMS/MS) protocol to identify the major PLs and LPLs in PLDP. Furthermore, it assessed the effect of identified LPLs on microglial activation in vitro, including cell shape, proliferation, and cell morphology. The results of the conducted analyses showed that PLDP and PLDP-derived LPLs concentrationdependently modulate microglial activation in vitro. In particular, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) concentration-dependently promotes cell morphology, likely via effects mediated by the enzyme autotaxin (ATX), since inhibiting ATX also promoted cell morphology, while conversely, increasing ATX production (via treatment with high levels of LPC) abolished this effect. These findings suggest that LPC is likely neuroprotective, and thus, support the importance of further research to assess its use as a therapeutic target to treat age-related cognitive impairments, including dementia.ArticleSCIENTIFIC REPORTS. 10(1):3748 (2020)journal articl