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Communication-Micro-Scale Columnar Architecture Composed of Copper Nano Sheets by Electrodeposition Technique
No full textMicro-scale columnar architectures composed of copper sheets with nanometer thickness were fabricated by electrodeposition using a photolithography technique. A copper sulfate solution containing a polyacrylic acid was used as the plating bath, and the electrodeposition was conducted under galvanostatic conditions. Patterned electrodeposits with a cylindrical shape and composed of thin copper sheets were formed. Every copper deposit had openings on the top and side regions and also had a porous interior. This novel three-dimensional (3D) copper architecture should provide functional copper electrodes with large effective surface areas. (C) The Author(s) 2016. Published by ECS. All rights reserved.ArticleJOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY. 164(2):D72-D74 (2017)journal articl
Short-term treatment with a 2-carba analog of cyclic phosphatidic acid induces lowering of plasma cholesterol levels in ApoE-deficient mice
No full textPlasma cholesterol levels are associated with an increased risk of developing atherosclerosis. An elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level is a hallmark of hypercholesterolemia in metabolic syndrome. Our previous study suggested that when acetylated LDL (AC-LDL) was co-applied with a PPARy agonist, rosiglitazone (ROSI), many oil red O-positive macrophages could be observed. However, addition of cyclic phosphatidic acid (CPA) to ROSI-stimulated macrophages completely abolished oil red O-stained cells, indicating that cPA inhibits PPARy-regulated AC-LDL uptake. This study aimed to determine whether metabolically stabilized cPA, in the form of a carba-derivative of CPA (2ccPA), could reduce plasma cholesterol levels and affect the expression of genes related to atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-knockout (apoE-1-) mice. 2ccPA reduced LDL-C levels in these mice (n = 3) from 460 to 330 mg/ml, from 420 to 350 mg/ml, and 420 to 281 mg/m1 under a western-type diet. 2ccPA also reduced expression of lipid metabolism-related genes, cytokines, and chemokines in ApoE-deficient mice on a high-fat diet. Taken together, these results suggest that 2ccPA governs anti-atherogenic activities in the carotid arteries of apoE-deficient mice. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.ArticleBIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS. 473(1):107-113 (2016)journal articl
Physico-Chemical, In Vitro, and In Vivo Evaluation of a 3D Unidirectional Porous Hydroxyapatite Scaffold for Bone Regeneration
No full textThe unidirectional porous hydroxyapatite HAp (UDPHAp) is a scaffold with continuous communicated pore structure in the axial direction. We evaluated and compared the ability of the UDPHAp as a three-dimensional (3D) bone tissue engineering scaffold to the interconnected calcium porous HAp ceramic (IP-CHA). To achieve this, we evaluated in vitro the compressive strength, controlled rhBMP-2 release behavior, adherent cell morphology, cell adhesion manner, and cell attachment of UDPHAp. As a further in vivo experiment, UDPHAp and IP-CHA with rhBMP-2 were transplanted into mouse calvarial defects to evaluate their bone-forming ability. The Results demonstrated that the maximum compressive strengths of the UDPHAp was 7.89 +/- 1.23 MPa and higher than that of IP-CHA (1.92 +/- 0.53 MPa) (p = 0.0039). However, the breaking energies were similar (8.99 +/- 2.72 vs. 13.95 +/- 5.69 mJ, p = 0.055). The UDPHAp released rhBMP-2 more gradually in vivo. Cells on the UDPHAp adhered tightly to the surface, which had grown deeply into the scaffolds. A significant increase in cell number on the UDPHAp was observed compared to the IP-CHA on day 8 (102,479 +/- 34,391 vs. 32,372 +/- 29,061 estimated cells per scaffold, p = 0.0495). In a mouse calvarial defect model, the percentages of new bone area (mature bone + trabecular bone) in the 2x field were 2.514% +/- 1.224% for the IP-CHA group and 7.045% +/- 2.055% for the UDPHAp group, and the percentage was significantly higher in the UDPHAp group (p = 0.0209). While maintaining the same strength as the IP-CHA, the UDPHAp with 84% porosity showed a high cell number, high cell invasiveness, and excellent bone formation. We believe the UDPHAp is an excellent material that can be applied to bone regenerative medicine.ArticleMATERIALS. 10(1):33 (2017)journal articl
Lysophosphatidic acid signaling regulates the KLF9-PPAR gamma axis in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons
No full textLysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a lipid signaling molecule that plays several significant roles in the nervous system during development and injury. In this study, we differentiated human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into neurons as an in vitro model to examine the specific effects of LPA. We demonstrated that LPA activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma), a ligand-activated nuclear receptor, as well as its cognate receptor LPA(1) on human iPSC-derived neurons to enhance proliferation and neurite outgrowth. Furthermore, we found that the gene expression of Kruppel-like factor 9 (KLF9), a member of the large KLF transcription factor family, was induced by LPA treatment. Knockdown of KLF9 decreased proliferation and neurite outgrowth in vehicle- and LPA-treated IPSC-derived neurons compared to cells expressing KLF9. In conclusion, LPA plays dual roles as a ligand mediator through the activation of cell surface G-coupled protein receptors and as an intracellular second messenger through the activation of PPAR gamma. We discuss the contribution of the LPA(1)-PPAR(gamma)-KLF9 axis to neurite outgrowth and proliferation in human iPSC-derived neurons. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.ArticleBIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS. 491(1):223-227 (2017)journal articl
レンブラント「夜警（1642年）」の鑑賞題材化（7段階鑑賞学習プログラム）の試みII : 集団肖像画の読解的鑑賞の一局面（形式的分析，知識補塡［情報提供］，補充課題を中心に）
No full text本稿は連稿後篇となる。前稿でレンブラント「夜警」読解に際し，7段階・15項目で成る鑑賞学習プログラムを提起し，第1・3段階（観察，解釈）を論じたが，本稿では第2・4・7段階（形式的分析，知識補塡［情報提供］，補充課題）を扱った。第5・6段階（再解釈，判断＆評価）は別の機会に譲る。第2段階で油絵の具の賦彩特性と画面構成上の特質を挙げ，形式的状態に主題把握に通ずる道筋が潜む点に言及した。第4段階の主要論題は，美術史的背景，図像学的特徴，エピソードとした。美術史学習の進め方に関し，藤井聡子・梶木尚美による歴史学習と絵画鑑賞を連結する教科横断型授業実践を参照した。図像学的観点から「夜警」を解す試みや，補助的だが時に主題に直結しもするエピソードの機能も論じた。第7段階（補充課題）では，東西比較，絵を聴く，自画像捜し，ロールプレイ，脱整列型記念写真撮影を概説し，本稿を締め括った。Article美術教育学研究.51(1):113-120(2019)journal articl
Effect of wing mass in free flight of a two-dimensional symmetric flapping wing-body model
No full textThe effect of wing mass in the free flight of a flapping wing is investigated by numerical simulations based on an immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method. We consider a model consisting of two-dimensional symmetric flapping wings with uniform mass density connected by a body represented as a point mass. We simulate free flights of the two-dimensional symmetric flapping wing with various mass ratios of the wings to the body. In free flights without gravity, it is found that the time-averaged lift force becomes smaller as the mass ratio increases, since with a large mass ratio the body experiences a large vertical oscillation in one period and consequently the wing-tip speed relatively decreases. We define the effective Reynolds number Reeff taking the body motion into consideration and investigate the critical value of Reeff over which the symmetry breaking of flows occurs. As a result, it is found that the critical value is Re-eff similar or equal to 70 independently of the mass ratio. In free flights with gravity, the time-averaged lift force becomes smaller as the mass ratio increases in the same way as free flights without gravity. In addition, the unstable rotational motion around the body is suppressed as the mass ratio increases, since with a large mass ratio the vortices shedding from the wing tip are small and easily decay.ArticleFLUID DYNAMICS RESEARCH.49(5):055504(2017)journal articl
Glucose Management during Insulinoma Resection Using Real-Time Subcutaneous Continuous Glucose Monitoring
No full textInsulinoma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor that causes hypoglycemia due to unregulated insulin secretion. Blood glucose management during insulinoma resection is therefore challenging. We present a case in which real-time subcutaneous continuous glucose monitoring (SCGM) in combination with intermittent blood glucose measurement was used for glycemic control during surgery for insulinoma resection. The SCGM system showed the trends and peak of interstitial glucose in response to glucose loading and the change of interstitial glucose before and after insulinoma resection. These data were helpful for adjusting the glucose infusion; therefore, we think that an SCGM system as a supportive device for glucose monitoring may be useful for glucose management during surgery.ArticleCase Reports in Anesthesiology.2018:6248467(2018)journal articl
Deposition of mutant ubiquitin in parkinsonism-dementia complex of Guam
No full textArticleACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS.5:82(2017)journal articl