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マヒドン大学との共同による日本とタイとの健康教育による国際比較研究
No full text研究種目：基盤研究（Ａ）研究期間：2013～2015課題番号：25257101研究代表者：寺沢 宏次研究者番号：30197793Other2013～2015年度科学研究費助成事業（基盤研究（Ａ））研究成果報告書 課題番号：25257101 研究代表者：寺沢 宏次research repor
伝統的木造民家の資材供給源としての里山の植生管理に関する伝統的知識の解明
No full text研究種目：基盤研究（Ｃ）研究期間：2013～2015課題番号：25340107研究代表者：井田 秀行研究者番号：70324217Other2013～2015年度科学研究費助成事業（基盤研究（Ｃ））研究成果報告書 課題番号：25340107 研究代表者：井田 秀行research repor
性染色体ゲノムの比較によるパパイヤ性決定遺伝子の探索
No full text研究種目：基盤研究（Ｃ）研究期間：2013～2015課題番号：25450004研究代表者：松村 英生研究者番号：40390885Other2013～2015年度科学研究費助成事業（基盤研究（Ｃ））研究成果報告書 課題番号：25450004 研究代表者：松村 英生research repor
Comparison of cortical activation during Mahjong game play in a video game setting and a real-life setting
No full textThe purpose of this study was to compare the hemodynamic changes that occur during Mahjong game play in virtual and real-life settings. Fourteen healthy right-handed men (average age ± standard deviation; 36.7 ± 14.9 years) played: 1) a Mahjong solitaire game on a video console against virtual rivals; 2) a Mahjong game against human opponents without conversation; and 3) a Mahjong game against human opponents with conversation. We measured oxygenated hemoglobin concentration at 44 locations over both hemispheres during Mahjong game play in each setting using near-infrared spectroscopy. The increase in oxygenated hemoglobin concentration at several locations, including Broca’s area, the somatosensory cortex, the somatosensory association cortex, the supramarginal gyrus part of Wernicke’s area, the primary and auditory association cortex, the angular gyrus part of Wernicke’s area, and the associative visual cortex was greater during game play in the real-life settings than during game play in the video game setting. There were no significant differences during game play in real-life settings without and with conversation. Each cortical area correlated with broad or specific areas. The common correlation areas were found at Angular gyrus part of Wernicke’s area of left hemisphere during real-life settings without and with conversation, but not during game play in a video game setting. These results suggest that the brain responds differently to game play in real world and virtual world settings, and indicate that comparison of games played in the virtual world and the real world may be an effective model to enhance understanding of the effects of video game on the brain.ArticleBiochemistry & Analytical Biochemistry.4(2):164(2015)journal articl
Comparison of cortical activation during subtraction in mental calculation and with a calculator
No full textSeveral studies have shown that various types of cognitive processing exist and exert different effects on brain activity. However, when a subject performs the same task, whether the task involves processing or not, such as in mental calculation or with a calculator, the different influences on the brain remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the influence of cortical activation when performing mental calculation and using a calculator have different effects on the brain. Fifteen healthy, right-handed participants (mean age, 26.3 ± 8.5 years; 12 men, 27.7 ± 9.0 years; 3 women, 20.6 ± 1.1 years) were recruited as subjects. We measured oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) levels while subjects performed subtraction tasks by mental calculation or using a calculator (3 min each). Measurements were made at the frontal lobe and temporal lobe. In both lobes, oxy-Hb level was significantly increased during mental calculation. Locations showing significantly increased oxy-Hb in mental calculation were the prefrontal cortex in the frontal lobe and supramarginal gyrus in the temporal lobe. These results suggest that the brain responds differently to tasks in mental calculation and using a calculator. We hypothesized that using the electronic calculator needs fewer neural networks than performing mental calculation. In recent years, thanks to the development of machines, many tasks have been automated, making our lives easier and more convenient. Our results may provide one example that the developments of modern technology influence brain function.ArticleBiochemistry & Analytical Biochemistry.4(3):185(2015)journal articl
Moderate exercise improves cognitive performance and decreases cortical activation in the go/no-go task
No full textBackground: A lot of studies have reported that physical activity has a beneficial influence not only on physical and mental disorders but also on cognitive and brain function. Performance of a go/no-go task improves after exercise. However, few studies have compared neural activity in a go/no-go task performed before and after exercise to identify brain regions that may respond to exercise and underlie this result. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the brain blood flow and compare the cortical activation pattern during a go/no-go task performed before and after exercise.Method: Fifteen healthy subjects performed a go/no-go task before and after exercise. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure oxygenated hemoglobin concentration at 44 locations over both hemispheres. The exercise was of moderate intensity, defined as 50% of peak oxygen uptake.Result: The reaction time on the go/no-go task was significantly faster after exercise than before. The oxygenated hemoglobin concentration quantified across the whole brain was lower after exercise, and this was the case for go trials and no-go trials. In go trials, the oxygenated hemoglobin concentration in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and supplementary motor area were significantly lower after exercise.Conclusion: These results suggest that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and supplementary motor area had lower activity in go trials in the go/no-go task performed after exercise than in go trials in the go/no-go task performed before exercise.ArticleBAOJ Medical and nursing.1(1):002(2015)journal articl
Effectiveness of Two Types of Exercises before Classes on Inhibitory Function
No full textThe purpose of this study is to find an effective solution to the status quo, children cannot concentrate on the class and behave irrationally; they are emotionallyunstable and sometimes interrupt the class and even go away from the class. This is the case recently seen in the most primary schools in Japan. To solve this issue, the author, a teacher in a public primary school, found out an effective impact caused by the physical activities, called GO/NO-GO task, in order to investigate prefrontal cortex development in Japanese children through two types of exercises before classes. As a result, a faster response time and higher accuracy rate for GO/NO-GO tasks were observed. Based on this, since the accuracy rate after the two types of exercises in this study were significantly higher than those after the control activity and reading, it is suggested that two types of exercises were effective in improving inhibitory function.ArticleJournal of Child and Adolescent Behaviour.4(2):284(2016)journal articl
Long-term Effects of Ipragliflozin on Adipose Tissue in Japanese Patients with Obese Type 2 Diabetes
No full textArticle信州医学雑誌 66(1): 29-37(2018)journal articl
