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眼球運動を指標とした黙読と音読の文記憶の比較
Get PDF黙読と音読で読書内容の記憶に違いがあるかどうかについては，研究間で様々な要因の操作に一貫性がないため矛盾がある。そこで本研究では，眼球運動を指標に加えてこの問題を明らかにすることを目的とした。実験１では，参加者に単文を音読または黙読で読ませ，その上で読んだ直後または10分後に再生と再認の記憶課題を課した。その結果，記憶成績は黙読の方が音読よりも高く，直後条件でも遅延条件でも高いことが示された。実験２では，黙読の方が記憶成績が高い要因を明らかにするため，音読と黙読の記憶成績，読み戻り回数，停留回数，瞳孔径を比較した。その結果，実験１と同様に黙読の記憶成績が優れていることが示された。また，黙読の方が音読よりも平均読み戻り回数が多いことが示された。これらの結果は，文章の読み戻りが記憶に寄与している可能性を示唆しており，黙読が音読より優れている要因の一つである可能性を示している。さらに，音読の方が黙読よりも停留回数や瞳孔径が大きかったことから，音読は黙読よりも多くの認知資源を必要とする可能性が示唆された。
Literature has been contradicted whether there is a difference in memory of reading contents between silent and oral reading due to inconsistent manipulations of various factors across studies. Thus, the present study aimed to clarify the issue with the measures of eye movements. In Experiment 1, participants were asked to read blocks of single sentences either orally or silently and to do the recall and recognition memory tasks either immediately or 10 minutes after reading. The results showed memory performance was higher in silent reading than in oral reading in both immediate and delayed conditions. In order to determine factors of higher memory recall in silent reading, Experiment 2 compared memory performance as well as the number of regressed readings, the number of fixations, and pupil diameters between oral and silent reading. The results confirmed the superior memory recall in silent reading as in Experiment 1. The average number of regressions was higher in silent reading than in oral reading. These results suggest that reading back sentences may contribute to memory and could be one of the factors that make silent reading superior to oral reading. Furthermore, the number of gaze fixations and pupil diameters for oral reading were higher than those for silent reading, suggesting that oral reading may require more cognitive resources than silent reading.Article【論文／Article】departmental bulletin pape
Role of Consistency in Omnichannel Integration: Effects on the Continuous Versus Serendipitous Customer Experience
Get PDFChannel integration to provide a seamless customer journey experience plays a central role in omnichannel marketing. However, not all dimensions of channel integration enhance customer experience. We decompose the dimensions of customer-perceived consistency in channel integration and investigates the impact on two customer experience types: continuous and predictable customer experience and serendipitous and unpredictable customer experience. The analysis reveals that content consistency, process consistency, and promotion consistency significantly affect both continuous and serendipitous customer experience, but price consistency and assortment consistency do not considerably impact serendipitous customer experience. These insights offer valuable direction in shaping omnichannel integration strategies.Article【論文／Articles】departmental bulletin pape
離婚に伴い元配偶者への生命保険金の受取人指定を取り消す法律を遡及して適用することの合憲性― Sveen v. Melin, 138 S. Ct. 1815（2018）―
Get PDFArticle【判例研究／Case Note】departmental bulletin pape
