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De organisatie van gedragswetenschappen tijdens de COVID-19 pandemie: geleerde lessen uit een internationaal vergelijkende casestudie
Get PDFIn deze internationale vergelijkende casestudie zijn in vier landen middels literatuurreview en interviews (met 4-6 stakeholders per land) de organisatie, rol en impact van de gedragswetenschappen ten tijde van de coronacrisis onderzocht
How well do surveys on adherence to pandemic policies assess actual behaviour: Measurement properties of the Dutch COVID-19 adherence to prevention advice survey (CAPAS).
No full textMetagenomic Surveillance of Viral Gastroenteritis in a Public Health Setting.
No full textNorovirus is the primary cause of viral gastroenteritis (GE). To investigate norovirus epidemiology, there is a need for whole-genome sequencing and reference sets consisting of complete genomes. To investigate the potential of shotgun metagenomic sequencing on the Illumina platform for whole-genome sequencing, 71 reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) norovirus positive-feces (threshold cycle [CT], <30) samples from norovirus surveillance within The Netherlands were subjected to metagenomic sequencing. Data were analyzed through an in-house next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis workflow. Additionally, we assessed the potential of metagenomic sequencing for the surveillance of off-target viruses that are of importance for public health, e.g., sapovirus, rotavirus A, enterovirus, parechovirus, aichivirus, adenovirus, and bocaparvovirus. A total of 60 complete and 10 partial norovirus genomes were generated, representing 7 genogroup I capsid genotypes and 12 genogroup II capsid genotypes. In addition to the norovirus genomes, the metagenomic approach yielded partial or complete genomes of other viruses for 39% of samples from children and 6.7% of samples from adults, including adenovirus 41 (N = 1); aichivirus 1 (N = 1); coxsackievirus A2 (N = 2), A4 (N = 2), A5 (N = 1), and A16 (N = 1); bocaparvovirus 1 (N = 1) and 3 (N = 1); human parechovirus 1 (N = 2) and 3 (N = 1); Rotavirus A (N = 1); and a sapovirus GI.7 (N = 1). The sapovirus GI.7 was initially not detected through RT-qPCR and warranted an update of the primer and probe set. Metagenomic sequencing on the Illumina platform robustly determines complete norovirus genomes and may be used to broaden gastroenteritis surveillance by capturing off-target enteric viruses. IMPORTANCE Viral gastroenteritis results in significant morbidity and mortality in vulnerable individuals and is primarily caused by norovirus. To investigate norovirus epidemiology, there is a need for whole-genome sequencing and reference sets consisting of full genomes. Using surveillance samples sent to the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), we compared metagenomics against conventional techniques, such as RT-qPCR and Sanger-sequencing, with norovirus as the target pathogen. We determined that metagenomics is a robust method to generate complete norovirus genomes, in parallel to many off-target pathogenic enteric virus genomes, thereby broadening our surveillance efforts. Moreover, we detected a sapovirus that was not detected by our validated gastroenteritis RT-qPCR panel, which exemplifies the strength of metagenomics. Our study shows that metagenomics can be used for public health gastroenteritis surveillance, the generation of reference-sets for molecular epidemiology, and how it compares to current surveillance strategies
Digital knowledge and communication platform (KCP) for Occupational Healthcare. An exploration of needs and possibilities for setting up a digital platform
No full textArbeidsgerelateerde zorg betekent zorg om de gezondheid van werkenden te behouden, herstellen en te verbeteren. Sinds 2016 bestaat het ‘Platform Arbeidsgerelateerde Zorg’, waarbinnen zorgprofessionals en andere betrokken partijen kennis en informatie over projecten delen. Bij het platform zijn onder andere beroepsverenigingen van medisch specialisten, huisartsen en bedrijfsartsen aangesloten. Zij komen twee keer per jaar samen. Het RIVM is voorzitter van dit platform en verstuurt een nieuwsbrief. Uit een evaluatie van het Platform in 2021 bleek dat de leden behoefte hebben aan een plek waar zij alle informatie kunnen terugvinden: een digitaal kennis- en communicatieplatform (KCP). Om dit KCP in te richten, is in 2022 een werkgroep gevormd met zes vertegenwoordigers van beroepsverenigingen. Het RIVM is ook voorzitter van deze werkgroep. De werkgroep heeft de doelen, doelgroepen, inhoud voor het platform en randvoorwaarden bepaald. Het doel is om informatie over arbeidsgerelateerde zorg te verzamelen en beschikbaar te stellen voor de betrokken partijen, zodat zij de zorg voor werkenden kunnen verbeteren. Dit kan gaan om informatie over onderzoeken, ervaringen uit de praktijk en een agenda. Daarnaast heeft het RIVM gesproken met platforms met een soortgelijk thema (arbeid of gezondheid) en doel (kennis delen) om te leren van hun ervaringen. Verder bleek uit gesprekken met de werkgroep en communicatie- en informatieadviseurs dat een online community platform het meest geschikte middel is. Dit biedt namelijk mogelijkheden om de verschillende beroepsgroepen vaker met elkaar in contact te laten komen. Ook kunnen hiermee kennis en ervaringen interactief worden gedeeld. In 2023 gaat het RIVM met de werkgroep verder werken aan het platform. Het RIVM gaat onder andere gesprekken voeren met de Dienst Publiek en Communicatie (DPC) van het Rijk over de mogelijkheden om een digitaal KCP te bouwen.Occupational healthcare is aimed to keep, recover or improve workers’ health. The 'Occupational Healthcare Platform' has existed since 2016. Members of this platform include professional associations of medical specialists, general practitioners and occupational physicians. These members meet twice a year and share knowledge and information about projects with each other. RIVM chairs this platform and sends out a newsletter. An evaluation of the Platform in 2021 showed that members need a place where they can find all information: a digital knowledge and communication platform (KCP). To set up such a platform, a working group was formed in 2022 with six representatives of professional associations. RIVM is also chair of this working group. The working group has determined the goals, target groups, content and preconditions for the platform. The aim is to collect information about occupational healthcare and make it available to the parties involved, so that they can improve occupational healthcare for the target group, i.e. workers. In addition, RIVM has spoken with platforms with a similar theme (work or health) and purpose (sharing knowledge) to learn from their experiences. Conversations with the working group and communication and information advisers indicated that an online community platform is the most suitable tool for the aims of the platform. This will create opportunities for the different professional groups to get in touch with each other more often and to interactively share knowledge and experiences. In 2023, RIVM will continue working on the platform with the working group. RIVM will collaborate with the government’s Public Information and Communications Service (DPC) to consider the possibilities of building a digital platform
Emergence of KPC-3- and OXA-181-producing ST13 and ST17 Klebsiella pneumoniae in Portugal: genomic insights on national and international dissemination
No full textComparison of traditional Cox regression and causal modeling to investigate the association between long-term air pollution exposure and natural-cause mortality within European cohorts.
No full textMost studies investigating the health effects of long-term exposure to air pollution used traditional regression models, although causal inference approaches have been proposed as alternative. However, few studies have applied causal models and comparisons with traditional methods are sparse. We therefore compared the associations between natural-cause mortality and exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) using traditional Cox and causal models in a large multicenter cohort setting. We analysed data from eight well-characterized cohorts (pooled cohort) and seven administrative cohorts from eleven European countries. Annual mean PM2.5 and NO2 from Europe-wide models were assigned to baseline residential addresses and dichotomized at selected cut-off values (PM2.5: 10, 12, 15 μg/m³; NO2: 20, 40 μg/m³). For each pollutant, we estimated the propensity score as the conditional likelihood of exposure given available covariates, and derived corresponding inverse-probability weights (IPW). We applied Cox proportional hazards models i) adjusting for all covariates ("traditional Cox") and ii) weighting by IPW ("causal model"). Of 325,367 and 28,063,809 participants in the pooled and administrative cohorts, 47,131 and 3,580,264 died from natural causes, respectively. For PM2.5 above vs. below 12 μg/m³, the hazard ratios (HRs) of natural-cause mortality were 1.17 (95% CI 1.13-1.21) and 1.15 (1.11-1.19) for the traditional and causal models in the pooled cohort, and 1.03 (1.01-1.06) and 1.02 (0.97-1.09) in the administrative cohorts. For NO2 above vs below 20 μg/m³, the HRs were 1.12 (1.09-1.14) and 1.07 (1.05-1.09) for the pooled and 1.06 (95% CI 1.03-1.08) and 1.05 (1.02-1.07) for the administrative cohorts. In conclusion, we observed mostly consistent associations between long-term air pollution exposure and natural-cause mortality with both approaches, though estimates partly differed in individual cohorts with no systematic pattern. The application of multiple modelling methods might help to improve causal inference. 299 of 300 words
New perspectives on respiratory syncytial virus surveillance at the national level: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic.
No full textLearning from the COVID-19 pandemic and considering the effects of this pandemic, we provide recommendations that can guide towards sustainable RSV surveillance with the potential to be integrated into the broader perspective of respiratory surveillance. https://bit.ly/40TsO0
Aanbod van zelftesten in Nederland
Get PDFMet behulp van zelftesten kunnen consumenten inzicht krijgen in risico op ziekte, gepersonaliseerde leefstijladviezen of zelfs trachten een diagnose te stellen. Voorstanders van zelftesten pleiten voor zaken als een toename in privacy en vroegdiagnostiek, daar waar tegenstanders bijvoorbeeld de risico’s en kosten van vals-negatieven en -positieven sterk benadrukken (1, 2, 3). Huisartsen hebben aangegeven niet vaak patiënten te zien die een zelftest hebben uitgevoerd, maar hebben wel behoefte aan een verbetering in de informatievoorziening rondom zelftesten (4). Een overzicht van het huidige aanbod van zelftesten kan helpen om meer informatie over het aanbod te verzamelen, en de impact van de markt te verkennen/duiden
