Web-based Archive of RIVM Publications
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Effectiveness of a COVID-19 contact tracing app in a simulation model with indirect and informal contact tracing.
No full textCapturing Emerging Experiential Knowledge for Vaccination Guidelines Through Natural Language Processing: A Proof-Of-Concept Study.
No full textChanges in the Prevalence of Infection in Pregnant Women during the COVID-19 Lockdown.
No full textThis was a single centre retrospective cohort study conducted in the Netherlands on data collected from electronic patient files of pregnant women from January 2017 to February 2021. We identified three time periods with different strictness of mitigation measures: the first and second lockdown were relatively strict; the inter-lockdown period was less strict. The prevalence of the different infections (Group B Streptococcus (GBS)-carriage, urinary tract infections and Cytomegalovirus infection) during the lockdown was compared to the same time periods in previous years (2017-2019)
Monitoring van radioactiviteit in Nederland. Oppervlaktewater en zeewater – resultaten 2020 en 2021
No full textIn 2020 and 2021 the Netherlands fulfilled its annual European obligation to measure how much radioactivity is present in the environment. Radioactivity levels in surface water and seawater were similar to previous years. All countries of the European Union are required to perform these measurements each year under the terms of the Euratom Treaty of 1957. The Netherlands performs these measurements following the guidance issued in 2000. The measurements represent the background values for radioactivity that are present under normal circumstances. They can be used as reference values, for instance, during a nuclear emergency. The results on radioactivity in the environment are reported to the European Commission by the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) on behalf of the competent authority in the Netherlands.In 2020 en 2021 voldeed Nederland aan de Europese verplichting om elk jaar te meten hoeveel radioactiviteit in het milieu zit. De niveaus radioactiviteit in oppervlaktewater en zeewater zijn vergelijkbaar met die van eerdere jaren. Alle landen van de Europese Unie zijn volgens het Euratom-verdrag uit 1957 verplicht om deze metingen te doen. Nederland volgt daarbij de aanbevelingen uit 2000 op om de metingen op een bepaalde manier uit te voeren. De metingen leveren achtergrondwaarden op, ofwel radioactiviteitsniveaus die er onder normale omstandigheden zijn. Deze waarden kunnen bij bijvoorbeeld calamiteiten of rampen als referentie dienen. Het RIVM brengt namens de Autoriteit Nucleaire Veiligheid en Stralingsbescherming (ANVS) verslag uit aan de Europese Unie over radioactiviteit in het milieu
To Split or Not to Split: Characterizing Chemical Pollution Impacts in Aquatic Ecosystems with Species Sensitivity Distributions for Specific Taxonomic Groups.
No full textA tale of two cities: How a psychological network approach can improve our understanding of local residents’ risk perception of the process industries
No full textMeningococcal carriage in children and young adults: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study, Iceland, 2019 to 2021.
No full textBackgroundNeisseria meningitidis is a commensal bacterium which can cause invasive disease. Colonisation studies are important to guide vaccination strategies.AimThe study's aim was to determine the prevalence of meningococcal colonisation, duration of carriage and distribution of genogroups in Iceland.MethodsWe collected samples from 1 to 6-year-old children, 15-16-year-old adolescents and 18-20-year-old young adults. Carriers were sampled at regular intervals until the first negative swab. Conventional culture methods and qPCR were applied to detect meningococci and determine the genogroup. Whole genome sequencing was done on groupable meningococci.ResultsNo meningococci were detected among 460 children, while one of 197 (0.5%) adolescents and 34 of 525 young adults (6.5 %) carried meningococci. Non-groupable meningococci were most common (62/77 isolates from 26/35 carriers), followed by genogroup B (MenB) (12/77 isolates from 6/35 carriers). Genogroup Y was detected in two individuals and genogroup W in one. None carried genogroup C (MenC). The longest duration of carriage was at least 21 months. Serial samples from persistent carriers were closely related in WGS.ConclusionsCarriage of pathogenic meningococci is rare in young Icelanders. Non-groupable meningococci were the most common colonising meningococci in Iceland, followed by MenB. No MenC were found. Whole genome sequencing suggests prolonged carriage of the same strains in persistent carriers
Development of a Generic PBK Model for Human Biomonitoring with an Application to Deoxynivalenol.
No full textEURL-Salmonella ringonderzoek Voedsel-Diervoeder 2023. Detectie van Salmonella in lijnzaad
No full textIn 2023, 50 National Reference Laboratories for Salmonella (NRLsSalmonella) obtained a good score in a Proficiency Test for Salmonella bacteria. One laboratory initially scored a moderate performance due to an administrative error. Eventually, this laboratory also obtained a good score by providing the correct result with raw data. The NRLs-Salmonella of the European Union (EU) Member States are obliged to participate in annual quality monitoring exercises, known as Proficiency Tests. One of these Proficiency Tests checks whether NRLs can detect Salmonella bacteria in food and feed. The matrix chosen for this year’s Proficiency Test was flaxseed. Each EU Member State has to appoint a NRL that is responsible for performing these analysis in its laboratory. The 51 participants in this Proficiency Test came from 27 EU Member States and from seven other European countries. The laboratories used an obligatory, internationally accepted method to detect the presence of Salmonella in flaxseed. Each laboratory received a package containing samples that had either been artificially contaminated with two different concentrations of Salmonella Typhimurium or did not contain this bacterium. This Proficiency Test is organised by the European Union Reference Laboratory for Salmonella (EURL-Salmonella). This is part of the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM). An important task of the EURL-Salmonella is to monitor the performance of the NRLs for Salmonella in Europe.Vijftig Nationale Referentie Laboratoria voor Salmonella (NRL’sSalmonella) hebben in 2023 een goede score gehaald in het ringonderzoek voor de Salmonella-bacterie. Eén laboratorium haalde eerst een matige score door een administratieve fout. Dit laboratorium haalde uiteindelijk ook een goede score door met ruwe data het juiste resultaat te geven. De NRL’s-Salmonella uit de lidstaten van de Europese Unie zijn verplicht om elk jaar hun kwaliteit te laten toetsen met zogeheten ringonderzoeken. Een van de ringonderzoeken controleert of de NRL’s de Salmonella-bacterie in voedsel en diervoeder kunnen aantonen; dit keer in lijnzaad. Elk lidstaat van de EU(European Union ) wijst hiervoor het NRL aan dat verantwoordelijk is voor deze testen in hun laboratorium. De 51 deelnemers in dit ringonderzoek kwamen uit 27 lidstaten van de Europese Unie en uit zeven andere Europese landen. De laboratoria gebruikten een verplichte, internationaal erkende analysemethode om Salmonella in monsters lijnzaad aan te tonen. Elk laboratorium kreeg een pakket toegestuurd met monsters die kunstmatig besmet waren met twee verschillende concentraties Salmonella Typhimurium of zonder deze bacterie. Het ringonderzoek is georganiseerd door het Europese Unie Referentie Laboratorium voor Salmonella (EURL-Salmonella). Dit is gevestigd bij het RIVM. Een belangrijke taak van het EURL-Salmonella is toezien op de kwaliteit van de NRL’s-Salmonella in Europa
