Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengkajian Ilmu Pendidikan: e-Saintika
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Are More Proficient Readers More Strategic? A Case Study of Four Taiwanese EFL University Students
No full textThe article presents the results, interpretations, and potential pedagogical implications of an experimental case study that explored the beliefs and actual use of reading strategies of four Taiwanese EFL university students. The emphasis of the qualitative analysis is put on what the participants effectively do rather than what they believe they do, something that many studies in the field overlook. In addition, the study investigated the interplay between reading strategy use and reading proficiency. The research triangulates the introspective data with the products of participants’ task activity. The participants were asked to fill out a self-reporting questionnaire. After a few days, they performed a reading task accompanied by the think-aloud protocol, took a comprehension test, and were interviewed. The study revealed that participants’ perceptions of their reading strategy use and the actual use were not always aligned. More importantly, the study findings indicate that the variety, frequency, and appropriateness of the actual use of reading strategies positively correlated with the participants' reading and general linguistic proficiency levels. Pedagogical implications and suggestions for further research are discussed, as well as the current study's limitations
Lecturers’ Challenges and Strategies in Teaching English Writing Skills in Large Classes
No full textTeaching in a class with a large number of students is a phenomenon experienced by the majority of lecturers in Indonesia. This condition obviously generates disruptions during instruction, so action is required to eliminate them.The purpose of this research is to look at the problems that arise when teaching writing skills in large classes and how to solve them from the perspective of English lecturers in Indonesia. This research is a case study using a qualitative research approach. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews involving four English lecturers at four universities in North Sumatra. After the interview, the data was first transcribed, followed by thematic analysis to identify themes and answer research questions. The results of the analysis show four challenges faced by the participants in their EFL classes. All of these are related to the difficulties of: 1) providing individual assessment and feedback; 2) class and time management; 3) lack of experience and practice; and 4) lack of space, facilities, and resources. To overcome these challenges, the lecturers utilize several approaches, such as 1) using group and peer assessments, 2) using multiple approaches and analyzing student needs, 3) learning outdoors, and 4) using technology-based tools. To address these issues and make teaching large writing classes a promising endeavor, comprehensive planning and strategies must be ensured in advance according to the context and needs of students
A Review on Sustainable Approach for Production of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil: A Case Study of Brunei Darussalam
No full textBiofuels like biodiesel and bioethanol are the latest technologies to meet the rising energy demand and to replace depleting petroleum supplies. Biodiesel, which is made from vegetable oils, can be used to replace diesel fuel. Vegetable oils are a sustainable energy resource with a similar energy content to diesel fuel. In the proposed process, the main product from the reaction is biodiesel, whereas the by-products consist of glycerol and fertilizer. Biodiesel is mainly used in automotive diesel engines for various reasons, such as having a greater oxygen content, a higher cetane number, a higher viscosity, a lower aromatic content, and very little sulfur. These properties are essential in engine performance, combustion, and emissions. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent literature on biodiesel production methods from waste cooking oil, where the methods are grouped systematically and assessed. A decision table on process selection is provided to screen the most suitable technology for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil. The properties and application of potential products and by-products are also discussed. Finally, the case study of supplying biodiesel for B5 fuel in Brunei Darussalam is also provided
Tuweb (Web-Based Tutorial) with Scrapbooks and Videos to Improve Students' Learning Outcomes
No full textOnline learning has its perks and challenges to student learning outcomes. This study aims to develop educational products that meet the validity, effectiveness, and practicality criteria in the form of scrapbooks and videos on Tu web (Web-based Tutorial) for the Statistics Education course to tackle these negative impacts. In this developmental research, field tests were conducted on 83 Open University students from three different study groups in East Java. The development stages started from planning, exploratory studies, initial product development, expert validation, and initial field tests had been carried out in the previous year. The instruments used in this research are Tutorial Activity Design, Tutorial Activity Unit, scrapbook, video, student response questionnaire, and final test. The results showed that students responded positively to the use of these products in the Tuweb of Statistics Education courses. Since all students solved problems in the scrapbook, the product met the practicality criteria. Furthermore, the average student learning outcomes were 82.17 with a minimum of 70, better than students who did not participate in the study. Therefore, these products met the effectiveness criteria. As the research has demonstrated, the scrapbooks and videos developed can improve student learning outcomes in the Statistics Education course
Characteristics of Learning Assessment Towards Implementation of Merdeka Learning Curriculum
No full textAssessment is essential to the curriculum to measure and assess competency levels. The implementation of the independent learning curriculum assessment is directed at sustainable assessments. A meaningful learning process requires a good, planned, and irrational assessment system. The research aims to describe the characteristics of the assessment in the implementation of the independent curriculum, including the knowledge of the school community, the process of planning, implementation, processing of assessment results, reporting on learning progress and obstacles along with school and teacher solutions in carrying out assessments in the independent curriculum. This research is qualitative descriptive. The study was conducted in June-December 2022 at SMP Muhammadiyah 02 Batu. The research population was all teachers at SMP Muhammadiyah 02 Batu. The research sample was all SMP Muhammadiyah 02 Batu teachers using a saturated sampling technique. The instruments used are interview guidelines, observations, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out descriptively. The results showed that the teacher understood the independent learning curriculum well. Schools began to apply learning and assessment principles, planning lessons and assessments, understanding learning outcomes, planning learning and assessments, implementing learning and assessments, and processing and reporting assessment results. Teachers generally carry out summative and formative assessments, while minimal diagnostic assessments are carried out. Regardless of the results of the research, future researchers can make efforts to assist teachers in overcoming obstacles to implementing assessments in the independent curriculum
Quality of Performance Assessment Instruments for Educators in Higher Education: Implementation of Factor Analysis And Generalizability Theory
No full textAssessing the quality of learning in higher education is one of the efforts to ensure its standards. Typically, the assessment of the quality of learning implementation involves observation by multiple raters. This study aims to provide construct validity evidence and estimate the reliability of performance assessment instruments for educators in higher education. 225 second-year and third-year students from the Faculty of Education participated as raters, evaluating the performance of educators in their teaching practices. Forty assessment items were used to evaluate the performance of 19 instructors. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Generalizability Theory (G-Theory) were employed to examine the quality of the performance assessment instruments. The EFA analysis resulted in the identification of five factors that contribute to educators' performance in teaching: (1) readiness and planning, (2) pedagogy and professionalism, (3) personality, (4) social relationships within the classroom, and (5) social relationships beyond the classroom, collectively explaining 67.671% of the variance. Of the 40 assessment items, 37 demonstrated construct validity, while three required revisions. These findings indicate the alignment between the instrument's factors and the formulated theory of teaching competence. The reliability of the measurements was estimated using G-Theory in RStudio, yielding a relative G coefficient of 0.88 for three raters. The D-Study results indicated that the instrument could be used to assess performance, with an estimated generalizability coefficient of 0.738, requiring a minimum of five raters for each person (educator) being evaluated. We recommend employing G-Study and D-Study to determine the number of raters involved in performance assessment as a means of cost and time efficiency in the evaluation process
Recent Progress in the Use of Artificial Intelligence Tools in Education
No full textThe use of artificial intelligent (AI) tools in education has had a significant impact on learning experiences and outcomes. This review looks at recent advances in artificial intelligence tools and their implications for future research and practice. The review article followed the PRISMA method. Relevant articles on AI in education, specifically those describing the integration of AI or machine learning in undergraduate was extracted from the SCOPUS database. The inclusion criteria focus on articles directly related to teaching and training in structured programs that published in 2019 to 2023. A total of twelve documents were recognized and subjected to hand identification for subsequent analysis. The result shows that cognitive tutors, which are interactive learning environments facilitated by intelligent tutoring systems, improve learning outcomes. The challenge of balancing instructional assistance and self-directed learning, on the other hand, is inherent in AI-driven tools. AI tools in higher education provide numerous advantages at the institutional, social, and instructional levels. Disruptive AI tools such as ChatGPT have emerged, but challenges include job displacement concerns and the need for constant adaptation. AI language learning tools are important in language acquisition processes because they provide personalized learning paths and interactive engagement. However, ethical considerations and competencies related to AI-based tools in education are assessed, with parallels drawn to healthcare guidelines. It emphasizes the importance of strong ethical frameworks, as well as the critical role of educators and professionals in responsible AI use, in order to maintain a symbiotic relationship between human expertise and technological advancement. Overall, this review summarizes recent advances in the use of artificial intelligence tools to revolutionize education, emphasizing the importance of ongoing research, cross-disciplinary collaboration, and careful implementation
The Effectiveness of Attractants for Fruit Fly in Orange Garden
No full textFruit flies are plant-disturbing insects that harm farmers both qualitatively and quantitatively. Initial symptoms of damage to host plants are marked by the appearance of black spots until the plant parts rot and fall. Fruit flies will inject their eggs until they hatch and become larvae, then the larvae will gnaw the fruit flesh from the inside. Control of fruit flies so far still uses factory chemical insecticides that are not environmentally friendly and leave residues that threaten health. Controlling fruit flies that are environmentally friendly and not at risk of leaving residue can use attractants made from natural ingredients. This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of the use of natural-based attractants that utilize local raw materials on the allure of fruit fly insects. The materials used in this study were clove leaves, lemongrass leaves, guava leaves, pandan leaves, lime leaves, pineapple and star fruit. The tools used to trap insects use two tools, namely trap bottles and glue. The results showed that the use of lemongrass leaves, clove leaves, guava leaves and pineapple fruit was quite effective in trapping fruit fly pests. Lemongrass leaves more effective than others (27 results in a week). A more effective tool to use is fly glue. The most effective combination is glue with clove leaves, guava leaves, and pineapple (number of results is >100 in a week)
Identification of Informal Reasoning Patterns of Biology Prospective Teachers Based on Socio-scientific Issues
No full textThis research was conducted to overcome the lack of integration of socio-scientific issues (SSI) at the Mandalika University of Education, especially the biology education department, and at the same time as a springboard for developing teaching programs. This basic qualitative research aims to identify and explain informal reasoning patterns of biology prospective teachers. In this study, 14 biology prospective teachers as samples were selected purposively, namely students who had taken animal physiology, genetics, and evolution courses. Furthermore, semi-structured interviews using thematic techniques focused on issues of common descent, GMOs, and organ transplants. The findings and conclusions of this study indicate that intuitive and emotive reasoning is the reasoning patterns most used by our respondents in responding to SSI issues. Then, for further research, it is stated briefly in the recommendations section
The Significance of Hand Tool Skills in the Fourth Industrial Revolution: A Focus on the Construction Concept
No full textThe study investigated the significance of hand tool skills in the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) era in teaching the construction concept in a civil Technology subject. The construction concept is one of the most practical concepts in civil Technology that is learnt in the Further Education and Training stream in the South African education curriculum. It deals with issues that cut across bricklaying and plumbing among others. Purposive sampling was used to select six teachers to take part in the study. Classroom observation and semi-structured interviews were used as instruments for data collection. The Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge framework was used to support the study. Data were analysed descriptively for classroom observations and through verbatim quotes for interviews with teachers. The study's findings discovered that teachers lack knowledge and understanding of 4IR and that they fail to use instructional practices that prepare learners for the 4IR jobs because of a lack of support from school officials. Teachers also lack the essential technologies to prepare learners that would thrive in the 4IR workplaces; hence their instructional practices are still using hand tools in the construction concept, which is not significant to the current trends. The study recommends that the Department of Education needs to train teachers to be ready to prepare learners for the 4IR jobs within the construction sector