Smart Cities and Regional Development (SCRD) Open Access Publishing
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The role of digitization in the architecture of the judicial system in Romania, between sustainability and innovation
Get PDFSince we are at a turning point, i.e. the moment when traditional justice is being replaced easily, easily by digital justice, we considered it opportune to analyze the way in which the judicial system is being reformed, the implications that new technologies have on law, as well as the need adapting it to all the changes imposed by the evolution of society. This article does not aim to present a generalized and rigid picture, but represents our vision of how digitization is reflected in everyday life, as well as the challenges we have to face in this context. We are not too optimistic to say that we are lucky to live in an age of technology, where artificial intelligence intertwines with human reason, forming a duo destined to make our lives easier. Today, people are surrounded by technology, giving rise to a synergy that was hard to imagine at the beginning of this millennium. Technology, which a few decades ago was only present in science fiction films, has today reached everyone\u27s reach, becoming an integral part of the everyday life of most people.
Măsuri integrate la nivel european privind inteligența artificială în raport cu drepturile omului
Get PDFPrezenta lucrare explorează măsurile integrate adoptate la nivel european în ceea ce privește reglementarea utilizării inteligenței artificiale (IA), astfel încât să se asigure o respectare și protejare a drepturilor omului. Influența inteligenței artificiale în diverse domenii, de la economie la viața socială, a crescut considerabil. Din această perspectivă, Uniunea Europeană (UE) a dezvoltat un cadru legislativ și normativ care să permită utilizarea acestor tehnologii avansate fără a aduce atingere demnității umane, a libertăților fundamentale și a drepturilor omului. Printre aceste măsuri se numără implementarea unei abordări bazate pe riscuri, care clasifică aplicațiile IA în funcție de potențialul lor impact asupra drepturilor și libertăților individuale. În plus, UE promovează formarea și educația privind utilizarea etică a IA. Îmbunătățirea competențelor digitale necesare în Europa este esențială, astfel încât cetățenii să beneficieze de noile tehnologii în avantajul lor, evitând posibile capcane ale acestora. Cercetarea subliniază importanța unui cadru formal care să conducă la un ecosistem bazat pe inteligență artificială care promovează inovația, dar care, concomitent, respectă valorile și drepturile fundamentale ale omului. Inteligența artificială poate îmbunătăți semnificativ calitatea vieții cetățenilor, însă trebuie avute în vedere riscurile asociate și o bună prevenție a acestora. Utilizarea cu prudență a noilor tehnologii este o problematică ce preocupă statele din întreaga lume, motiv pentru care inițiativele de cooperare internațională sunt esențiale pentru armonizarea standardelor globale și promovarea unei guvernanțe responsabile a IA. Uniunea Europeană are în vedere formarea unor cetățeni capabili să navigheze și să influențeze pozitiv dezvoltarea tehnologică, fără a le fi afectate drepturile fundamentale, aspect cu un impact semnificativ pe termen lung, într-o societate ce se dorește a fi ancorată la noile realități, dar care menține echitatea socială
Automation of Scientific Conferences at the Mediterranean University of Albania: Enhancing Service Performance and Quality
Get PDFIn the era of digital transformation, process automation in educational institutions has become a key factor in improving the efficiency and quality of services provided. In this paper, we will explore the benefits of automating scientific conferences and online journal processes at the Mediterranean University of Albania, focusing on enhancing service performance and quality.Robotic Process Automation (RPA) has revolutionized the way these processes are managed. The use of RPA enables the automation of repetitive and complex tasks, significantly improving the speed and accuracy of operations. For example, account activation through OTP (One-Time Password) provides a high level of security during the registration of new users, minimizing security risks and improving user experience. Furthermore, email verification is a crucial component in the processes of online journals and conference applications, ensuring that all notifications and communications reach their intended recipients quickly and accurately. This not only improves communication but also increases the reliability and transparency of the data managed. The automatic comparison of the most recent Word documents uploaded by an author is another important functionality that facilitates the review and version management process, saving time and reducing human errors. The case study of the “UMSH Conferences” application will serve as a practical example to illustrate the advantages of these automated functionalities, significantly improving operational efficiency and the quality of service offered in scientific conferences and online journal processes
Factors influencing the content of Smart City initiatives(particularly based on institutional theories of organization)
Get PDFObjectives This paper aims to consider the factors shaping the smart city structures from the perspective of institutional organizational theories and in context of sustainable development. Prior work The previous findings have revealed significant lack of attention to factors impacting the smart city concept. Approach The paper applies literature reviews and survey analysis involving the experts in the field of smart cities. Results The paper applies literature reviews and survey analysis involving the experts in the field of smart cities. Implications The study provides the perspective useful for local and regional authorities as well as other parties involved in smart city implementation and development. Value The paper proposes the extended multi-factor smart city model approach encompassing the factors from different theories.
Implications of the circular economy for cultural heritage protection in smart cities
Get PDFThe following objectives are addressed in the paper: identification of indoor and outdoor environmental factors in some monuments, practical ways and solutions for recovery and recycling of construction materials from demolition. Preliminary studies: this paper is based on the author\u27s expertise in the field of conservation and restoration of stucco, facades decoration or stone substrates, pollutants identification, mechanisms of degradation and conservation of important Romanian monuments from the architectural heritage. Also, the work is based on the author\u27s expertise in the field of Archaeometry and Restoration and Heritage Regeneration, with implications in the Study of Materials for Architecture. Approach: cultural heritage buildings occupy a unique niche in the urban landscape, and their protection and preservation is a matter of particular interest for a smart city. The microclimate and the present pollutants (tourists, oil lamps, candles, urban pollution) contribute to the building degradation. In this context, the concept of circular economy encourages the restoration and reuse of cultural heritage monuments, which represent a valuable resource in developing the tourist offer and promoting a smart city. Results: the paper will present the identification of indoor and outdoor environmental factors in some monuments such as SOx, NOx, chlorides, pH, RH, T, in monuments: Corvin Castle, Hunedoara, Roman mosaic, Constanta, Basarabi-Murfatlar Churches, Adamclisi Monument, Constanta, and ways to recover and recycle construction materials from demolition: ceramics (brick, marble), plastic waste (polyurethane) and wood waste (eg sawdust). Implications: the solutions presented will address the present challenges for reusing construction and demolition waste, promoting local business opportunities for the transition to a circular economy and developing a smart city. Value: the paper has a high level of originality and will present examples of ecological materials and technologies for the conservation/consolidation of buildings with waste materials resulting from construction and demolition
Space technologies, smart cities, and national security: asmart(er) state synergy
Get PDFIn the Smart(er) State era, the dynamic synergy between space technologies, smart cities, and national security takes center stage, guided by practical examples that vividly illustrate the profound impact of this convergence.Space technologies, including Earth observation satellites facilitating urban planning, satellite-based communication networks empowering connectivity, and advanced navigation systems optimizing transportation, are at the forefront of reshaping urban landscapes and driving sustainability in smart cities.Practical examples spotlight the intricate interplay between smart cities and national security, shedding light on real-world cyber threats that challenge city infrastructure, vulnerabilities that jeopardize essential services, and the ethical concerns surrounding data privacy in urban surveillance. This paper goes further to showcase how space technologies actively enhance smart city security. Tangible instances include the use of satellite-based emergency services for swift disaster response, Earth monitoring systems for proactive disaster management, and space-based navigation for robust transportation security. In addressing the challenges and ethical considerations posed by this interplay, we emphasize the need for cross-sector collaboration, underpinned by rigorous governance and policy frameworks. This collaborative effort serves as the cornerstone for achieving a secure and resilient urban future. Finally, this paper casts its gaze toward the horizon, anticipating future trends that will be driven by space-based technologies, such as predictive policing and sustainability initiatives within smart cities. It concludes by offering actionable recommendations for building smart cities that are not only secure but also sustainable and resilient in the face of emerging challenges
Rolul CNAS în digitalizarea sănătății, condiție smart city
Get PDFDigitalizarea sănătății este o prioritate a Uniunii Europene, România fiind implicată în mai multe proiecte, unele dintre acestea fiind derulate de Casa Națională de Asigurări de Sănătate, în colaborare cu instituțiile partenere. Obiectivele proiectelor aflate în derulare sunt: “Modernizarea șioptimizarea modului de contractare și decontare a serviciilor medicale”, “Sistem Informatic pentru Gestionarea Modernă a Accesului la Servicii Medicale, Acte, Recomandări și Tehnologii – SIGMA SMART”, “Dezvoltarea și extinderea dosarului electronic de sănătate (DES)”, “Implementarea rețetei electronice”, “Implementarea biletului de trimitere electronic”, “Implementarea scrisorii medicale electronice”, “Dezvoltarea sistemului de telemedicină la nivel național”, “Interoperabilitatea sistemelor desănătate”. Toate aceste proiecte privind utilizarea tehnologiei digitale în sănătate au ca scop optimizarea accesului pacientului la servicii medicale de calitate, ușurarea muncii personalului medico-sanitar, reducerea timpilor de așteptare, asigurarea acurateței și securității circulației datelor în sistemul de sănătate național și transfrontalier, generarea de rapoarte și analize privind starea sistemului de sănătate, luarea celor mai bune decizii diagnostice și terapeutice pentru îngrijirea pacienților și optimizarea utilizării fondurilor în sistemul asigurărilor sociale de sănătate. Pentru realizarea acestei lucrări am utilizat datele aflate la nivelul Casei Naționale de Asigurări de Sănătate (studii, planuri), comunicatele de presă din partea conducerii CNAS și discuții cu persoane implicate în aceste proiecte. Implementarea proiectelor de digitalizare s-a făcut pe baza unor studii de fezabilitate, a datelor științifice, pe baza experienței echipelor de specialiști implicate în proiecte, cu respectarea standardelor și reglementărilor legale în vigoare și a recomandărilor Comisiei Europene. Lucrarea este o trecere în revistă a proiectelor aflate în derulare la CNAS, a problemelor actuale cu care se confruntă sistemul de sănătate și este o bază de discuții pentru viitoare dezbateri, idei, propuneri și soluții în scopul optimizării funcționării sistemului de sănătate.
Rolul digitalizării în arhitectura sistemului judiciar din România, între sustenabilitate și inovație
Get PDFÎntrucât ne aflăm într-un punct de cotitură, respectiv momentul în care justiția tradițională este înlocuită ușor, ușor de justiția digitală, am considerat oportună analizarea modului în care se reformează sistemul judiciar, implicațiile pe care noile tehnologii le au asupra dreptului, precum și nevoia de adaptare a acestuia la toate schimbările impuse de evoluția societății. Prezentul articol nu urmărește expunerea unei imagini generalizate și rigide, ci reprezintă viziunea noastră asupra modului în care digitalizarea se oglindește în viața de zi cu zi, precum și provocările cărora trebuie să le facem față în acest context. Nu suntem prea optimiști să putem afirma că suntem norocoși să trăim într-o eră a tehnologiei, unde inteligența artificială se împletește cu rațiunea umană, formând un duo destinat să ne ușureze viața. În prezent, oamenii sunt înconjurați de tehnologie, dând naștere unei sinergii ce era greu de imaginat la începutul acestui mileniu. Tehnologia, care acum câteva decenii era prezentă doar în peliculele science-fiction, a ajuns astăzi la îndemâna oricui, devenind parte integrantă din viața de zi cu zi a majorității oamenilor
Educational needs in green education: a survey-based exploration among Romanian students
Get PDFThis paper aim aligns with recommendations from recent research, exploring greenwashing education among Romanian socio-economic students. The study aims to contribute insights into the specific educational needs within the social fields concerning greenwashing and discern the potential implications for consumer behavior in this context. The current study builds upon preceding research conducted by the author, where professionals in ecological fields underscored the prevalence of deceptive practices, leading to the misleading of urban consumers. The limited comprehension of green claims and regulatory nuances among urban inhabitants emerged as a salient contributing factor. Employing a survey-based methodology, the research captures practical insights from students in socio-economic fields. The 16-question questionnaire explores participants\u27 perceptions and knowledge on green claims. Preliminary findings indicate varying levels of awareness and experiences with greenwashing among Romanian students. The survey data provides insights into factors influencing the recognition of deceptive environmental claims, their impact on consumer choices, and perceived corporate responsibility. The study\u27s implications extend to academics, researchers, and practitioners interested in sustainable communication and consumer behavior. For smart city development, addressing students\u27 greenwashing awareness gaps is crucial. Integrating sustainability into urban education can empower citizens for informed choices. At the community level, combating greenwashing requires targeted programs fostering environmental literacy. Hence, in academia, identified gaps highlight the need for integrated greenwashing modules, preparing future professionals for sustainability challenges. This research offers a nuanced perspective on greenwashing by centering on Romanian students\u27 perceptions. Its value lies in informing interventions, policies, and education efforts to combat greenwashing, fostering an informed and sustainable consumer base. The insights contribute uniquely to the Romanian context, enriching the global discourse on sustainable practices and consumer awareness
Citizenship and Public Space. A Gender Perspective
Get PDFThe aim of this research project is to connect the exercise of citizenship with access to, and use of public space for women. The hypothesis that women’s hindered access [1] to public space is influencing their exercise of substantive citizenship, and thus their career choices, their representation in public office, and the amount of freedom of movement they dispose of will be guiding the direction of our research. We want to establish the truth value of this statement through the intersection of urban and gender studies in order to generate strategies pertinent enough to deal with the issue. This study would mean another step taken into the direction of gender equity, which would directly improve the body of knowledge policy-makers, urbanists, sociologists, and human geographers would have at their disposal in elaborating studies, strategies, and in formulating advice; therewithal, it implies an indirect economic benefit, as safer cities are more prosperous. Our project is conceived as a comparison between the present status of women from different backgrounds in Bucharest and Vienna: a post-communist, relatively economically-challenged Eastern European capital and a Central European gender-mainstreaming oriented capital, considered to be one of the safest and most livable cities in Europe