Publicații - Universitatea de Vest "Vasile Goldiș" din Arad
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The Constitutional Hurdles to Exercise Secession Right and Arguments on Its Inclusion in the Ethiopian Constitution
Get PDFThe right to self-determination is one of the human rights enshrined under the Ethiopian constitution. It is also one of the rights mentioned under ICCPR and ICESCR as well as the constitutions of different countries. Being unique to many other human rights instruments and constitutions in the world, the Ethiopian constitution includes the unconditional right to secession as a part of self-determination for every one of the ethnic groups (nations, nationalities, and people) in the country. As argued among many scholars, the inclusion of unconditional secession as a part of self-determination right in the Ethiopian constitution was based on the wrong narrative that nations, nationalities and people in the country were oppressed. Thus, it is a point of political debate between elites and became the major cause of widening the divergence among views of different political parties in the country. Of course, within the constitution, there are hurdles that can potentially deny exercising of this right. Therefore, this study qualitatively analyses the impracticability of secession and unacceptability of narratives to its inclusion in the constitution of the federal democratic republic of Ethiopia
Fiscal Reforms and Deficits in Tanzania: an Exploratory Review
Get PDFThis study provides an exploratory review of the trends, policy reforms, and determinants of fiscal deficits in Tanzania during the period 1980-2017. During this period, the country undertook various fiscal policy reforms intended to improve revenue mobilization and expenditure efficiency. The most significant of these reforms included the introduction of the semi-autonomous revenue authority and an extensive public financial management reform program. While the post-independence period was characterized by large fiscal deficits, recent trends show that fiscal deficits in Tanzania have been contained, even as some public investment management challenges exist. The review of trends and literature suggests that fiscal deficits are linked to the structure of the economy, low levels of development, donor aid and grants, as well as the overall macroeconomic environment. In particular, fiscal deficits are associated with growth cycles, inflationary episodes, and external sector developments. 
Analysis of ICT, Power Supply and Human Capital Development in Nigeria as an Emerging Market Economy
Get PDFThis paper analyzed the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) and power supply on human capital development in Nigeria as an emerging market economy. The study adopted the Classical Linear Regression Model for the empirical analysis. The result showed that ICT, power supply (proxied by electricity consumption) and population impact positively on human capital development, while infant mortality has a negative impact on human capital development in Nigeria. The impact of ICT on school enrolment suggests that technology is fast evolving and new technologies are preferred to old ones. The study, therefore, recommended that Nigeria should follow in the trend of ICT globally in harnessing her human capital endowments. In conclusion, the Nigerian government should harness her ICT and electric power potentials and develop the human capital available to her to prevent the emigration of her human resource endowment to more resilient and promising economies
Economic Evolutions During the Cold War – Romania in the Comecon (1949-1965)
Get PDFThe purpose of this work is to present objectively and documented the evolution of Romania within the Council of Mutual Economic Aid (C.M.E.A. or C.O.M.E.C.O.N.) during 1949-1965. Choosing this period of time is not random: in 1949 COMECON was established at the initiative of Moscow, and the year 1965 represented the peak of the ―dissidence‖ politics of Romania within the Council. The Romanian economy after the Second World War followed largely the same path as the other economies in Eastern Europe that entered the sphere of influence of the Soviet Union. The war and the new international situation in which Romania found itself at its end determined a dramatic rupture with the economic model followed in the interwar period. In the run-up to the end of the world conflict, the main interest of the hegemonic power in Eastern Europe, the Soviet Union, was to benefit from the resources of the countries in the area to compensate for the immense damage caused by the war. The exploitation of Eastern European economies intensified after Moscow became aware of the impossibility of obtaining substantial war reparations from Germany
Asylum Proceedings in the Czech Republic During the Migration Crisis
Get PDFThe article deals with the fundamental problems that emerged on the territory of the Czech Republic during the implementation of the asylum procedure throughout the migration crisis in the years 2015 to 2019. Problematic issues related primarily to the detention of migrant asylum seekers were identified by studying the key decisions of national and international courts. The first problematic point was the amendment to the Asylum Act, which required the courts to discontinue proceedings on the review of detention orders after the foreign national was released from detention. Due to the conflict with EU law and the impossibility to claim damages for unlawful detention, this amendment was finally annulledby the Constitutional Court. The second problem was that the factual conditions for asylum seekers in the EU Member State where the asylum seeker was to be transferred for the purpose of processing his/her asylum application, were not examined. In this regard, the situation had since been rectified and the administrative authorities and courts of the Czech Republic already take this aspect into account when deciding whether an asylum seeker detained on the territory of the Czech Republic is to be transferred to the country where he/she applied for asylum. The most serious problem is so far incomplete transposition of the Procedures Directive, in particular Article 46 of the Procedures Directive, which requires from the court to review the decisions on asylum in full jurisdiction and could possibly grant asylum itself. However, this requirement does not correspond to the concept and system of administrative courts in the Czech Republic and would require a significant and costly change. The last issue identified was the poor implementation of the Dublin III Regulation, involving not setting serious risk of absconding of an asylum seeker as a precondition forhis/her detention directly in the law. 
The Theory of Forms Without Substance a Romanian Legal Transplant Theory Ahead of Its Time
Get PDFComparative law and legal history show us that law is dynamic, always in continuous development, change, or mutation. This dynamic dimension has become a central concern for the comparative law scholars. The circulation of legal models in the world (e.g. legal transplant, legal transfer, legal borrowing, legal migration) is an evergreen issue. This phenomenon has provoked numerous doctrinal disputes, which have been encapsulated in complex theories on its possibilities and impossibilities. In the present article, we will not explore the many modern theories regarding legal transplantation (or under other metaphors). Instead, we will go back in time, in the second half of the nineteenth century, to explore an interesting Romanian theory that seems to have anticipated a series of modern ideas regarding the purpose, possibilities, and impossibilities of the circulation of legal models in the world. Following this approach, the main conclusion will be resumed to the idea that the Romanian theory of forms without substance can be integrated within the modern theories of legal transplant
Study on the Taxation of the Income Obtained From the Cryptocurrency Transfer
Get PDFThis article discusses a number of conceptual and practical issues regarding the taxation of the income coming out from the transfer of virtual currency. The individuals who earn constant money from cryptocurrencies (over 600 lei per year) have the obligation to report their income yearly and to pay the income tax and the health insurance contributions in certain situations. According to the provisions of the Tax Code, the gains from cryptocurrency transfers will fall into the category of the taxable income from other sources. For individuals, this income will be declared through the Single Taxation Statement during the year following the year of its realization. Specifically, the earnings from cryptocurrencies in 2019 will be declared in 2020. As long as an individual keeps his income from cryptocurrencies in the form of cryptocurrencies, without actually using them, he is not obliged to declare them and pay the income tax and the Social health insurance contribution for them
Empirical Approaches Upon Pension Systems in Central and Eastern European Countries. Triangle Assessment: Free Movement of People, Labor Market and Population Health Features
Get PDFNowadays, around the world, it can be noticed an important trend towards the pension system reforms. The creation of the European fiscal space, the effects of globalization and the movement of the labour force are important vectors towards creating a new type of social economy. The labour force is constantly moving around the countries that gathered important amounts of capital, especially in industrialized countries. Moreover, the lower levels of the birth rate combined with the increasing level of death rate unbalance the labour market. The entire European continent undergoes a demographical transition period, highlighted by aging and intensive migration. This phenomenon is registered both outside and inside the European Union, especially upon the highest industrialized Western countries. In this context, the human capital role and quality gain an important topic throughout the social and economic developments. In this article, we tackle some important aspects regarding the correlation between the actual status quo of population structure and some important features of future pension systems
Tradition Vs. Modernity in Japanese Management
Get PDFJapan\u27s thinking and management practices have developed under the strong influence of culture. The contemporary economic and social circumstances, marked by the phenomenon of globalization, raise the question of the perenniality and transferability of the traditional Japanese management style
Real Wage Convergence in Romania: Empirical Evidence Based on Club Converging
Get PDFThe study aims to explore the real wage convergence across the 42 Romanian counties from 1991 to 2016 by using the convergence algorithm developed by Phillips and Sul (2007). The process of divergence is identified in the period of 1991-2016 as well as a number of 4 convergence subgroups (clusters). Transitional curves indicate that over the long-run the real wage tends to converge. Policy implications of the paper\u27s findings are also provided