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The Principle of Freedom of Contract in Labour Law
Get PDFThe civil law principle of freedom of contract is established by the provision of Article 9 of the Bulgarian Act on Obligations and Contracts. In labour law, contractual freedom is further limited by the prohibition to negotiate conditions in the employment contract, which are less favourable for the worker or employee than those established by the collective labour agreement. There is no possibility by collective labour agreements to settle issues of labour and insurance relations of workers and employees, which are regulated by mandatory legal provisions. The collective labour agreement cannot contain clauses, which are less favourable for workers and employees than those established by law or in a collective labour agreement to which the employer is bound
NETFLIX and the taste of the Bulgarian audience
No full textWatching films and series has long been no longer only on TV channels. Global platforms are accessible to Bulgarians and a very large proportion of young people watch films and TV series online. This analysis aims to present an analysis of what Bulgarians are watching or what is being watched from Bulgaria on the most popular Netflix platform. The analysis is divided into fikms and TV series. The conclusion is that the Netflix audience mostly watches Netflix productions, and those created in the last few years. And although there is no dubbing in Bulgarian and very few films and TV series have subtitles in Bulgarian, Netflix tops the ranking for the most used platform in Bulgaria. The Bulgarian content is extremely small and does not attract the interest of the Bulgarian audience
Journalism as a passion
No full textIs journalism a profession or a trade? It is both, but most of all it is passion. It is passion, it is fire, without which a reporter is unable to “ignite” the people he writes for. Without these two important journalistic ingredients, it is just a mirror that simply reflects the surrounding reality. Is there a way that great journalistic pens should “come into being” in our country, that are at least a bit like Ernest Hemingway, or Oriana Fallacci? What does it take to produce their “explosive journalistic mixture”, such as to make Bulgarian journalists leave their comfortable positions of “microphone holders”? Questions to be answered
The use of artificial intelligence in the mass media: Prospects and challenges
No full textArtificial intelligence (AI) is a technology, which is currently undergoing a stage of extensive spreading. More and more mobile applications and programs are based on algorithms and neural networks. Systems with AI elements are used in medicine, energetics, financial services, even in the field of art. In 2022 a picture created by a neural network became viral on the Internet. The media industry starts using this technology as well. In western media outlets we can often witness experiments, which are connected with the generation of automated news items. The article describes different AI-driven applications in the industry and summarizes the thoughts of media researchers regarding the prospects and challenges media and journalism face because of the use of algorithms. Besides, the paper gives examples of the way algorithms may lead in some cases to the spread of more manipulative videos due to the use of deep fake technologies
Competition Policy in the Conditions of Pandemics and New EU Strategic Priorities
Get PDFIn times of crisis and transition, the proper and efficient functioning of the single market is of the utmost importance. The article discusses the EU response to the specific challenges faced by the single market posed by the global pandemic through the prism of competition policy, with a special focus on the situation in Bulgaria during the crisis
Teaching English to Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Challenges and Teaching Strategies
No full textThe current study aims at shedding light on the challenges that might be confronted while teaching English to students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and providing remedial teaching strategies that can facilitate teaching English to these special learners. Helping students to achieve their highest potential requires both an understanding of ASD and its characteristics, and the elements of successful program planning required addressing them. Students with ASD are individuals who each has unique strengths and needs. Thus, via analysing the previous literature about the topic and administering a structured questionnaire to twelve (12) English teachers at the University of El-Oued, Algeria investigating the challenges and the teaching strategies that can be used to remedy these challenges, this study attempts to provide a broad lines for a special English syllabus that best meet the needs of students with ASD
An Assessment of Undergraduate Students’ Attitudes Towards Learning English Based on Academic Major, Class Level, and Gender Variables
No full textThe goal of this study is to investigate undergraduate students' attitudes toward learning English based on their academic major, class level, and gender. A total of 150 undergraduate students (65 males and 85 females) distributed in different class levels and different colleges and departments were surveyed using a Likert-type scale. Statistical differences indicated that students had a mixed bag of attitudes about the English language, with some being positive and others being negative. The findings revealed that students in science-related majors and Kindergarten Education had a higher interest in learning English than other students; all students in science-related majors believed that learning English is beneficial; felt more confident and had more positive attitudes toward their English instructors than those in Education-related ones. In addition, juniors were more enthusiastic about learning English as a second language and had more positive attitudes toward it than freshmen. Likewise, female students obtained more positive attitudes in terms of interest and instructor subscales. However, ANOVA analysis of indicated no significant differences in self-confidence and usability subscales between male and female students. In light of the research's conclusions, some practical implications are explored to assist students in adopting a positive attitude toward English language learning
Analysis of EFL students’ Errors in Writing at the Higher Teachers’ Training College of N’Djamena
No full textThis paper set to carry out an experimental study on ten students who were randomly selected and divided into two groups: control group (CG) and treatment group (TG). After being taught, the control group was asked to write a composition. The treatment group was also asked to write a composition on the same topic. This paper then compared their results. The findings in the study of the control group indicated that the most common errors committed by the learners were spelling errors which recorded the highest percentage with 24.24%, followed by word choice errors with 15.15%, and adjective related errors having 12.12%. Finally, this article indicates that the writing of learners of English as a foreign language was not free from errors even though they were appropriately taught