BIOREpository (Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade)
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Phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma as a Nusinersen treatment response marker in childhood-onset SMA individuals from Serbia
No full textBiomarkers capable of reflecting disease onset and short- and long-term therapeutic effects in individuals with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) are still an unmet need and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNF-H) holds significant promise.M213,913940011
Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 17
No full textThis is the seventeenth of a series of miscellaneous contributions, by various authors, where hitherto unpublished data relevant to both the Med-Checklist and the Euro+Med (or Sisyphus) projects are presented. This instalment deals with the families Aizoaceae, Anacardiaceae, Asparagaceae, Bignoniaceae, Boraginaceae, Cannabaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Casuarinaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Crassulaceae, Cyperaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Gentianaceae, Gramineae, Iridaceae, Labiatae, Leguminosae, Malvaceae, Myrtaceae, Oleaceae, Onagraceae, Orobanchaceae, Oxalidaceae, Papaveraceae, Portulacaceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Rubiaceae, Sapindaceae, Sapotaceae, Solanaceae, Typhaceae, Violaceae and Vitaceae. It includes new country and area records and taxonomic and distributional considerations for taxa in Acer, Ampelopsis, Argania, Blackstonia, Buglossoides, Carduus, Carex, Casuarina, Celtis, Chenopodium, Clematis, Eleusine, Elytrigia, Eucalyptus, Euphorbia, Euphrasia, Fraxinus, Galium, Hibiscus, Hieracium, Iris, Koelreuteria, Lathyrus, Loeflingia, Ludwigia, Malus, Melampyrum, Mesembryanthemum, Muscari, Orobanche, Oxalis, Papaver, Physalis, Podranea, Portulaca, Pseudodictamnus, Pulmonaria, Ranunculus, Schinus, Sedum, Stachys, Typha, Viola and Vitis, and a new combination in Pseudodictamnus.M221.854554
Contributions to the knowledge of Aphidiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in Norway
No full textM24+2082247
Resveratrol/Selenium Nanocomposite with Antioxidative and Antibacterial Properties
No full textIn this work, we synthesized a new composite material comprised of previously formulated resveratrol nanobelt-like particles (ResNPs) and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), namely ResSeNPs. Characterization was provided by FESEM and optical microscopy, as well as by UV-Vis and FTIR spectroscopy, the last showing hydrogen bonds between ResNPs and SeNPs. DPPH, TBA, and FRAP assays showed excellent antioxidative abilities with ResNPs and SeNPs contributing mainly to lipid peroxidation inhibition and reducing/scavenging activity, respectively. The antibacterial effect against common medicinal implant colonizers pointed to notably higher activity against Staphylococcus isolates (minimal inhibitory concentrations 0.75-1.5%) compared to tested gram-negative species (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Antibiofilm activity against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and P. aeruginosa determined in a crystal violet assay was promising (up to 69%), but monitoring of selected biofilm-related gene expression (pelA and algD) indicated the necessity of the involvement of a larger number of genes in the analysis in order to further establish the underlying mechanism. Although biocompatibility screening showed some cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in MTT and alkaline comet assays, respectively, it is important to note that active antioxidative and antibacterial/antibiofilm concentrations were non-cytotoxic and non-genotoxic in normal MRC-5 cells. These results encourage further composite improvements and investigation in order to adapt it for specific biomedical purposes.M215.336814
Comparison of bioleaching of a sulfidic copper ore (chalcopyrite) in column percolators and in stirred-tank bioreactors including microbial community analysis
No full textChalcopyrite is the most abundant Cu-sulfide and economically the most important copper mineral in the world. It is known to be recalcitrant in hydrometallurgical processing and therefore chalcopyrite bioleaching has been thoroughly studied for improvement of processing. In this study, the microbial diversity in 22 samples from the Sarcheshmeh copper mine in Iran was investigated via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In total, 1063 species were recognized after metagenomic analysis including the ferrous iron- and sulfur-oxidizing acidophilic genera Acidithiobacillus, Leptospirillum, Sulfobacillus and Ferroplasma. Mesophilic as well as moderately thermophilic acidophilic ferrous iron- and sulfur-oxidizing microorganisms were enriched from these samples and bioleaching was studied in shake flask experiments using a chalcopyrite-containing ore sample from the same mine. These enrichment cultures were further used as inoculum for bioleaching experiments in percolation columns for simulating heap bioleaching. Addition of 100 mM NaCl to the bioleaching medium was assessed to improve the dissolution rate of chalcopyrite. For comparison, bioleaching in stirred tank reactors with a defined microbial consortium was carried out as well. While just maximal 32% copper could be extracted in the flask bioleaching experiments, 73% and 76% of copper recovery was recorded after 30 and 10 days bioleaching in columns and bioreactors, respectively. Based on the results, both, the application of moderately thermophilic acidophilic bacteria in stirred tank bioreactors, and natural enrichment cultures of mesoacidophiles, with addition of 100 mM NaCl in column percolators with agglomerated ore allowed for a robust chalcopyrite dissolution and copper recovery from Sarcheshmeh copper ore via bioleaching.M218.814094534
Alkaloid chemistry in pill-millipedes: Defensive secretion in two species of Typhloglomeris Verhoeff, 1898 (Diplopoda, Glomerida, Glomeridellidae)
No full textMillipedes of the order Glomerida are known to produce quinazolinone alkaloids as defensive substances. However, chemical data are rather scarce and all hitherto available publications refer to a single glomeridan family, the Glomeridae. To contribute to the knowledge of the chemical ecology of glomeridans, we collected species, Typhloglomeris coeca Verhoeff, 1898 and T. varunae Makarov, Lučić, Tomić & Karaman, 2003, from a second family – Glomeridellidae. The defensive exudates were extracted in methylene chloride and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Our results show that the secretions of the two glomeridellids contain the quinazolinone alkaloid homoglomerin (2-ethyl-1-methylquinazolin-4(1H)-one) as the sole defensive constituent. This report provides initial data on the chemoprofiles of members of the family Glomeridellidae and supports the phenomenon of chemical homogeneity of glomeridan defensive secretions. So far, all analyzed representatives of the order possess glomerin and/or homoglomerin as defensive equipment. The phylogenetic origin of alkaloidal compounds in the secretions of millipedes in general, and particularly the origin of quinazolinone alkaloids in Glomerida is discussed. Considering that the quinazolinone alkaloid defensive secretions may be the same (or very similar) in other Glomerida, our results have important implication for further studies of defensive secretions in these arthropods. Also, as data are available only for a limited number of glomeridan and colobognathan species, additional analyses are necessary to elucidate the evolution of alkaloid defensive secretion in Diplopoda.M231.8414634
Salmonid Fish Species: Opportunities for Sustainable Use under Multiple Pressures and Current Climatic Change
No full textThe chapter covers the current status of salmonid fishes in the Western Balkans in the Adriatic, Aegean, and Danube drainage basins on the territories of Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, and North Macedonia. Salmonids (family Salmonidae) are freshwater and anadromous fish native to the northern hemisphere. The family is composed of three subfamilies: Salmoninae, Thymallinae, and Coregoninae. Only species of the families Salmoninae and Thymallinae occur naturally in the inland waters of the Western Balkans; these species do not normally migrate to the sea in this area. Of the Salmoninae, in addition to the Danube salmon (Hucho hucho), a large number of trout species (Salmo spp.) can be found here, which is hard to find anywhere else in their distribution range. Two species of the Thymallinae are represented, the European grayling (Thymallus thymallus), which has its southernmost distribution limit in this region, and the Adriatic grayling (Thymallus aeliani) from the northern Adriatic basin. In addition, exotic salmonid species—e.g. rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), brook char (Salvelinus fontinalis), and lake char (Salvelinus umbla)—have been introduced and naturalized in a number of water bodies.
In the inland waters of the Western Balkans, salmonids play an important economic and social role in both commercial and recreational fisheries. Unfortunately, this has long since led to the fact that many of the stocks have been severely depleted, in some cases almost destroyed, by the pressure of fishing. To counteract this, stocking with hatchery fish is common in many places. However, stocking with non-native brown trout has often resulted in genetic introgression into the autochthonous populations of Salmo trouts and loss of their genetic integrity. Other threats to the survival of salmonid populations include water pollution from agriculture and sewage, as well as dam construction, which has particularly increased recently. The increased demand for drinking water as a result of the growing tourism industry poses an additional threat to aquatic ecosystems and could be exacerbated by climate change.M1337541
Assessment of growth-promoting properties of Pseudomonas spp. on soybeans under field conditions
No full textBook of Abstracts, GR51, p. 70.M3
Diatom and Bacterial Communities in Saline Habitats (Vojvodina, Serbia)
No full textCurrent knowledge of the microbiota of soda pans of the Carpathian Basin focuses mainly on diatoms. In studying six soda pans in Vojvodina (Serbia), we aimed to gain deeper insights into the diatom community by using not only traditional microscopic analysis but also high-throughput sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene. In addition, this study aimed to evaluate bacterial communities in these soda pans for the first time using the 16S rRNA gene marker. Although similar numbers of diatom taxa were found using both approaches, a significant discrepancy in species composition was found. The genus Nitzschia was one of the most represented and numerous genera according to the morphological and molecular analyses, but with lower diversity according to the molecular data, with the sequences mostly unassigned. Another major discrepancy was noticed with taxon Halamphora veneta, the results of metabarcoding showed high abundance in almost all soda pans, while microscopy detected it as very low. Diverse communities of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were detected in the studied soda pans, such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteria, Bacillaceae, and Peptoclostridium. According to current knowledge, harsh environmental conditions and habitat homogeneity regulate diatom and bacteria community composition and enable the survival of taxa with predominantly high ecophysiological plasticity. Finally, uncovering the structure of the microbial community as the first phase in developing an efficient tool to assess the ecological status of these fragile ecosystems is an essential step towards their conservation.M222,244
