REPONIVS - Repository of Scientific Institute for Veterinary Medicine of Serbia
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Infectious abortions in ruminants–health and economic impact
No full textPojava povremenih pobačaja ne predstavlja razlog za zabrinutost. Dva glavna
kriterijuma kada pojava pobačaja postaje problem u zapatu su: ako stopa
pobačaja pređe 3% na 100 steonih krava ili 5% na 100 jagnjenih ovaca, ili
ukoliko veći broj životinja pobaci u kratkom vremenskom intervalu. U bilo koja
dva navedena slučaja neophodno je obavestiti ordinirajućeg veterinara i nadležnog
veterinarskog inspektora. Pobačaji se mogu podeliti na infektivne i neinfektivne.
Pobačaje infektivne prirode uzrokuju različiti virusi, bakterije (Brucella
abortus, Brucella ovis, Chlamydia abortus), gljivice, protozoe (Neospora
caninum) i rikecije (Coxiella burnetii). Uzročnici neinfektivne prirode mogu
biti: otrovne biljke, metabolički i hormonalni poremećaji, nutritivni deficiti,
traume i kongenitalne anomalije ploda. Etiološka dijagnoza pobačaja postavlja
se u svega 30% slučajeva – kod 40 do 50% slučajeva nije moguće utvrditi
uzrok. Podaci o zastupljenosti infektivnih agenasa kao uzročnika pobačaja variraju
u zavisnosti od regiona, načina držanja i uzoraka koji se dostavljaju na
laboratorijsko ispitivanje. Pored direktnog uticaja na zdravlje i dobrobit životinja,
pobačaji dovode i do ekonomskih gubitaka. Pojedini infektivni uzročnici
imaju zoonotski potencijal i predstavljaju opasnost po javno zdravlje. Zbog toga
prevencija pobačaja predstavlja imperativ u procesu proizvodnje.The occurrence of periodical abortions is not a reason for concern. Two main
criteria when the abortions represent a problem on farm are: abortion rate
exceeds 3% per 100 pregnant cows or 5% per 100 pregnant ewes; certain
number of animals abort in a short time interval (abortion storm). In many of
two mentioned cases, it is necessary to inform the ordinating veterinarian and
the regional veterinary inspector. Etiology of abortions can be divided into
infectious and noninfectious. Infectious causes of abortions are viruses, bacteria
(Brucella abortus, Brucella ovis, Chlamydia abortus), fungi, protozoan (Neospora
caninum), rickettsias (Coxiella burnetii). Noninfectious abortions can be
caused by: heat stress, poisonous plants, metabolic and hormonal disorders,
nutritional deficits, trauma and congenital anomalies of fetus. The etiological
diagnosis of abortions is determinated in 30% of cases. In 40 to 50% of cases,
depending on the available laboratory diagnostics, it is not possible to establish
the cause. Data about prevalence of infectious agents vary depending on the
region, management and the samples that were submitted to diagnostic laboratory.
A spite of direct influence on animal health and welfare, abortions lead
to economic losses. Some infectious agents have zoonotic potential and represent
a risk to public health. Therefore, abortion control represent imperative in
the production process.Zbornik predavanj
Ocena biosigurnosnih mera implementiranih na farmama brojlera na beogradskom području
No full textThe implementation of biosecurity measures as the first line of defense is an essential prerequisite for preventing the occurrence and spread of infectious agents in flocks. Assessment of biosecurity measures on the farms was carried out during farm visits based on the application of an appropriate questionnaire whereby the farmer answered a number of questions regarding the implemented biosecurity measures. The study was performed via Biocheck.UGent online survey on 16 broiler farms in the region of the city of Belgrade. The capacity of farms was 25,000-100,000 broilers, placed in 2-4 houses, depending on the farm. Farm visits were made by the authors to confirm the correct answers to the online survey. Results showed that external biosecurity scores ranged from 57% to 93%, averaging 83.6%. Internal biosecurity score ranged from 48% to 98%, with an average score of 85.7%. The total score for the biosecurity assessment ranged from 56% to 93%, with an average score of 84.3%. The scores for subcategories varied between the farms. Removing manure and carcasses, a subcategory within the category of external biosecurity, had the lowest mean score (farms 9 and 10 had a score of 12%). Relatively low scores were also obtained for the number of steps of broilers depopulation (farm 9 had a score of 44%) and for the location of the farm (farms 2 and 3 had a score of 44%). Concerning internal biosecurity, the lowest score was obtained for the subcategory material and measures that they apply between compartments (farm 10 had a score of 29%). These findings should be useful for decision-makers and flock veterinarians and farmers to set feasible targets and sustainable biosecurity programs to improve biosecurity, the health status of the flock, and farm profitability.Sprovođenje biosigurnosnih mera, kao prve linije odbrane, suštinski je preduslov za sprečavanje pojave i širenja infektivnih oboljenja kod živine. Procena biosigurnosnih mera na farmama izvršena je primenom odgovarajućeg upitnika, gde je farmer odgovorio na brojna pitanja u vezi sa sprovedenim biosigurnosnim merama. Istraživanje je sprovedeno putem onlajn ankete Biocheck.Ugent na 16 farmi brojlera u regionu grada Beograda. Kapacitet farmi je bio 25000-100000 brojlera, smeštenih u 2 - 4 objekta, u zavisnosti od farme. Rezultati su pokazali da se eksterna biosigurnost kretala od 57 % do 93 %, sa prosečnom ocenom od 83.6 %. Rezultat interne biosigurnosti se kretao od 48 % do 98 %, sa prosečnom ocenom od 85.7 %. Krajnji rezultat procene biosigurnosti kretao se od 56 % do 93 %, sa prosečnom ocenom od 84.3%. Rezultati za potkategorije su varirali između farmi. Uklanjanje stajnjaka i leševa, potkategorija u okviru kategorije eksterne biobezbednosti, imala je najnižu srednju ocenu (farme 9 i 10 su imale ocenu od 12 %). Niže ocene takođe su dobijene za potkategorije broj koraka depopulacije brojlera (farma 9 je imala ocenu 44 %) i za lokaciju farme (farme 2 i 3 su imale ocenu od 44 %). Što se tiče interne biosigurnosti, najniža ocena je dobijena za potkategoriju materijal i mere koje se primenjuju između odeljaka (farma 10 imala je ocenu od 29 %). Ovi nalazi trebalo bi da budu korisni donosiocima odluka i veterinarima i farmerima u postavljanju izvodljivih ciljeva i održivih biosigurnosnih programa, za poboljšanje biobezbednosti, zdravstvenog statusa jata i profitabilnosti farme
A sample preparation methodology using different d-spe sorbent for amitraz analysis in honey
No full textAn analytical method was validated using gas chromatography with tandem mass
spectrometry (GC/MS) for the precise analysis of amitraz and its metabolites 2, 4-
dimethylaniline (2, 4 - DMA) in honey. The QuEChERS technique, which comes from the
words Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe extraction of the pesticides was used.
Amitraz is both an acaricide and insecticide and is often used in beekeeping to protect
honeybee colonies against Varroa destructor. The procedure was validated according to
SANTE/11325/2021 and the values of recovery, precision, and linearity, limit of detection
and limit of quantification were established. The average recoveries obtained for amitraz were
ranged from 79.4 to 100.8% and for 2, 4 dimethylaniline from 78.1% to 103.6 % at the two
spiked levels 0.01 and 0.02 mg/kg. Several clean-up approaches were tested: d-SPE with
Enhanced Matrix Removal-Lipid (EMR-Lipid), combination of anhydrous magnesium
sulfate, primary secondary amine (PSA) and C18 sorbents, and a third method using Z-Sep.
The most precise recovery, i.e. the highest accuracy, was achieved using purification with
EMR lipid. The linearity of the analytical response across the studied range of concentrations
(0.010 - 0.10 mg/kg) was excellent, obtaining correlation coefficients higher than 0.99. Limit
of quantification was 0.004 mg/kg for amitraz and 0.005 mg/kg for 2, 4-DMA. The method
was used for the determination of amitraz and 2, 4-DMA in real samples of acacia and flower
honey
Spiroplasmosis and may disease in bee
No full textSpiroplasma is a genus of Mollicutes, a group of small bacteria without cell walls.
Spiroplasma shares the simple metabolism, parasitic lifestyle, fried-egg colony morphology
and small genome of other Mollicutes, but has a distinctive helical morphology. It has a spiral
shape and moves in a corkscrew motion. Insects are the main reservoir for spiroplasmas,
where they primarily invade the gut lumen, but some species expanded their habitat range to
include hemolymph, ovaries, fat bodies, hypodermis, and salivary glands. Many Spiroplasma
strains are vertically-transmitted endosymbionts of are found in many insects and arthropods,
including bees, ants, beetles, and butterflies species. They were tentatively identified as the
causative agents of neurological disease in bees specifically during the spring using the terms
“spiroplasmosis” and “May disease.” Spiroplasma infections in honey bees have been
reported in Europe, both America and Asia. While directly harmful consequences to honey
bees from S. apis are supported the effects of S. melliferum infections are less clear, but
purportedly lead to early mortality when orally administered to adult bees. S. apis was
abundantly detected in honey bees from colonies showing symptoms of the lethal “May
disease” S. melliferum caused similar disease symptoms in bees when fed, but was less
pathogenic at the colony level. Our data showed high variation of infection with S. apis in
honey bees with a peak prevalence in May during the course of one-year study period. The
colony prevalence increased from 2% in March to 61% in May and then decreased to 22% in
June and 20% in July. Synchronized occurrence of Spiroplasma with peak plant flowering
periods led to the hypothesis that flowers were reservoirs for these bacteria. This hypothesis
was supported by the isolation of both S. melliferum and S. apis from flowers prominently
used by honey bees during spring and/or summer
Coccidiosis of sheep in sout part of Serbia
No full textCoccidian protozoa of the genus Eimeria are common in sheep around the world. Coccidia have a very
complicated life cycle, with many stages of development. The egg-like structure of coccidia is called an
oocyte. It is passed in the feces of infected sheep and goats. When first passed, the oocyst is not infective.
It must undergo a period of development called sporulation (hatching). Sporulation requires oxygen and
moisture. When a sheep ingests a sporulated oocyst, sporozoites are released and enter the cells lining
the small intestines..Lambs between the ages of 1 and 6 months are most commonly affected by coccidia.
During our examination, 4 to 8 week old lambs were the most likely to be affected and 4 week old lambs
were the most vulnerable to clinical disease. Many disease outbreaks occur shortly after weaning, as this
is a very stressful period in the lamb young life. Typical signs include diarrhea, dysentery, dehydration
and loss of appetite and body condition. Sheep can usually tolerate small burdens of coccidia, but if
parasite numbers become large, for example as a result of an environment heavily contaminated with
viable infective oocysts, or other stressors affecting the sheep, disease can result. During our
examination performed in period 2017-2019 in sheep herds in south part of Serbia cocidiosis were
occured at 37.92%. We usally occured mixed infection with 3-4 coccidia species. At sheep most
abundant species were E. ovina found at 76.7%, followed by E.ovinoidalis (63%), E faurei(42%),
E.ahsata (37%), E. granulosa (28%), E. intricata (15%), and E. pallida (3%). Oocyst were found at
adult ant young animals, but clinical sign of disease were present only at young animals. The number of
excreted oocysts was higher in lambs (26625+/-23993 OPG) than in adult sheep (19974+/-11353 OPG)
Vezikularni sindrom kod svinja – slinavka i šap ili Seneka virus?
No full textBolesti svinja koje se karakterišu pojavom vezikularnog sindroma su slinavka i šap,
vezikularna bolest svinja, vezikularni stomatitis, vezikularni egzantem svinja i Seneka bolest
svinja. Virus slinavke i šapa, virus vezikularne bolesti svinja i Senecavirus A pripadaju familiji
Picornaviridae.
Slinavka i šap je visoko kontagiozna virusna bolest različitih vrsta papkara koja se kod
svinja karakteriše apatijom, febrom, pojavom vezikula u predelu rila, usne šupljine, papaka i
mlečne žlezde. Klinička slika kod svinja uobičajeno nije teška, a u težim slučajevima može se
javiti eksungulacija. Vrata infekcije su sluznica ždrela i tonzile gde se odvija primarna replikacija
virusa, a potom sledi viremija sa sekundarnom replikacijom virusa na predilekcionim mestima.
Poznato je da inficirana svinja može da proizvede 400 miliona infektivnih doza dnevno i da tako
predstavlja značajan izvor infekcije za druge prijemčive vrste.
Infekcija Senecavirusom A se karakteriše povišenim mortalitetom kod prsadi na sisi do
sedmog dana starosti. Kod priplodnih kategorija svinja, postoji povišena telesna temperatura,
anoreksija, letargija, pojava vezikula na rilu, sluznici usne šupljine i koronarnom rubu papaka.
Pojava bolesti kod svinja koje se karakterišu vezikularnim sindromom uvek izaziva veliku
zabrinutost imajući u vidu da je klinički nemoguće razlikovati lezije koje izaziva virus slinavke i
šapa i drugi virusi. Konačnu dijagnozu je moguće jedino potvrditi u laboratoriji. Obzirom da su
svinje prijemčive za više vrsta virusa koji dovode do vezikularnog sindroma kao i činjenicu da
svinje pozitivne na slinavku i šap izlučuju veliku količinu virusa u spoljašnju sredinu putem
aerosola, blagovremeno utvrđivanje dijagnoze je od prvorazrednog značaja.
Ukoliko postoji sumnja na neku od bolesti koje se karakterišu vezikularnim sindromom
potrebno je bez odlaganja obavestiti nadležnog veterinarskog inspektora i regionalni institut koji
zajedno sa terenskom veterinarskom službom utvrđuju dalji postupak u skladu sa zakonskom
regulativom i sprovode epizootiološki nadzor i uzorkovanje materijala za laboratorijska
ispitivanja. Uzorci prvog prioriteta su pokrovni epitel vezikula, sadržaj vezikula, oralni/nazalni brisevi i uzorci krvi. Laboratorijska dijagnostika omogućava dobijanje rezultata u roku od
nekoliko časova
Parasitic contamination of parks in Belgrade – results of a ten-year study (2010-2020)
No full textU cilju praćenja parazitske kontaminiranosti parkovskih i drugih zelenih
površina Beograda od 1993. vrše se kontinuirano praćenja njihove
zagađenosti. Pregledi se rade na četiri centralne gradske opštine - Stari
Grad, Palilula, Vračar i Savski Venac gde se nalaze najviše parkovi u gradu.
U radu dajemo prikaz rezultata kontaminiranosti parkovskih površina tokom
desetogodišnjeg ispitivanja vršenog u periodu 2010-2020. Uzorci se
prikupljaju u periodu april-septembar na osnovu klimatskih uslova koji
vladaju na području Beograda (vodeći se metodom bioklimatograma po Uvarovu
koji za komponentu ima temperaturu i vlažnost zemljišta u prosečnim
vrednostima za ispitivano područje). Svake godine je iz istih parkova uziman
isti broj uzoraka (64 uzoraka godišnje) koji su pregledani sedimentacionoflotacionim metodama. Determinacija jaja parazita je vršena
morfometrijskom analizom. U navedenom periodu, na osnovu analiza koje su
predočene nadležnim službama Beograda, grad je uložio sredstva za kontrolu
i sanaciju ovog problema uvođenjem dog-pot korpi i pet zona (parkova za pse).
Konačno, 2011.godine usvojena je Strategija rešavanja problema nevlasničkih
pasa i mačaka na području grada Beograda. Prosečna kontaminiranost parkova
je u toku 2010 iznosila 39.06% da bi se 2020 spustila na 26.68 %. Tokom ovih
deset godina prosečan procenat ustanovljenih jaja Toxocara canis je bio 29.68%,
Ancylostomidae sp. 27.18%, Dipyllidium caninum 26.56%, Strongyloides stercoralis
7.81%, Toxascaris leonina 6.97%, Taenia sp. 6.25% i Trichuris vulpis 4.68%.
Giardia duodenalis je ustanovljena u 15.62%, Amoeba sp. u11,06%, Isospora spp. u
9.36% i Cryptosporidium sp. u 3.37%.
I pored vidnog poboljšanja, posmatrano sa epidemiološkog aspekta rezultati
istraživanja ukazuju na realnu mogućnost humanih infekcija na prostorima
većine gradskih parkova.In order to monitor the parasitic contamination of parks and other green areas in Belgrade, continuous monitoring of their pollution has been carried out since 1993. Inspections are carried out in four central city municipalities - Stari Grad, Palilula, Vračar and Savski Venac, where there are the most parks in the city. In this paper, we present the results of the contamination of the park's surfaces during a ten-year survey conducted in the period 2010-2020. Samples are collected in the period AprilSeptember based on the climatic conditions that prevail in the area of Belgrade (using the bioclimatogram method according to Uvarov, which has as a component the temperature and humidity of the soil in average values for the examined area). Every year, the same number of samples (64 samples per year) were taken from the same parks and examined by sedimentation-flotation methods. Determination of parasite eggs was performed by morphometric analysis. In the mentioned period, based on the analyses presented to the competent services of Belgrade, the city invested funds to control and rehabilitate this problem by introducing dog-pot baskets and five zones (dog parks). Finally, in 2011, the Strategy for solving the problem of stray dogs and cats in the area of the city of Belgrade was adopted. The average contamination of the parks in 2010 was 39.06%, and in 2020 it will drop to 26.68%. During these ten years, the average percentage of established eggs of Toxocara canis was 29.68%, Ancylostomidae sp. 27.18%, Dipyllidium caninum 26.56%, Strongyloides stercoralis 7.81%, Toxascaris leonina 6.97%, Taenia sp. 6.25% and Trichuris vulpis 4.68%. Giardia duodenalis was found in 15.62%, Amoeba sp. in 11.06%, Isospora spp. in 9.36% and Cryptosporidium sp. in 3.37%. Despite the visible improvement, from an epidemiological point of view, the research results indicate a real possibility of human infections in the areas of most city parks
Long ago forgotten equine diseases in Serbia – glanders and dourine
No full textSakagija i durina su dve zarazne bolesti primarno kopitara, poznate od
davnina koje su na teritoriji Srbije iskorenjene još u prošlom veku
zahvaljujući radikalnim veterinarsko-sanitarnim merama i velikim
naporima veterinara. Sakagija (maleus) je zoonoza koju izaziva gram negativna
bakterija Burkholderia mallei, a karakteriše se pojavom čvorića i ulceracija
na koži i potkožnom tkivu, plućima i unutrašnjim organima. Ovo teško
oboljenje kopitara opisali su davno Hipokrat i Aristotel, a zbog svojih
odlika korišćeno je kao biološko oružje. Durina je polno prenosiva zaraza
kopitara koju izaziva flagelarna protozoa Trypanosoma equiperdum. Pored
karakterističnih promena na reproduktivnim organima, oboljenje se
manifestuje i drugim komplikacijama, pri čemu letalitet može iznositi čak
50%. Oba oboljenja predstavljala su veliki problem za konje (sakagija i za ljude)
tokom Prvog i Drugog svetskog rata. Danas se endemski javljaju na određenim
geolokalitetima Azije, Afrike i Južne Amerike. Scenario iz Brazila (2009)
i Nemačke (2014) kada su potvrđeni slučajevi sakagije, kao i iz Italije (2011)
kada je potvrđeno 6 žarišta durine opominju nas da postoji konstantan rizik
od ponovnog pojavljivanja obe zaraze, olakšan internacionalnim kretanjem
konja i konjičkim sportovima. Saglasno propisima OIE-a, dijagnostika obe
zaraze zasniva se primarno na otkrivanju seroreaktivnih jedinki reakcijom
vezivanja komplementa (RVK). Na Odeljenje za imunologiju, Naučnog instituta
za veterinarstvo Srbije su u toku 2022. godine za serološku dijagnostiku
sakagije primljeni uzorci krvi poreklom od 49 grla, odnosno od 22 grla za
dijagnostiku durine. Metodom RVK ni u jednom od ispitanih seruma nije
utvrđeno prisustvo specifičnih antitela protiv uzročnika sakagije, odnosno
durine. Premda je konjarstvo u Srbiji tokom godina iz različitih razloga
vidno devastirano, primetan je trend porasta broja uzoraka poreklom od konja
za dijagnostiku ovih veoma ozbiljnih i značajnih zaraznih bolesti. Edukacijom
vlasnika i veterinara, pravovremenom i adekvatnom dijagnostikom moguće je
održati status zemlje slobodne od sakagije i durine.Glanders and dourine are two contagious diseases primarily of equids, known since
antiquity and considered eradicated from Serbia in the last century, which was enabled
by radical veterinary-sanitary measures, and strong efforts of veterinarians. Glanders
is zoonosis caused by gram negative bacteria Burkholderia mallei, characterized with
nodules and ulcerations present in the skin, subcutaneous tissue, lungs and inner
organs. This severe disease was described by Hippocrates and Aristotle, and
considering its features was used as a biological weapon. Dourine is contagious
venereal disease of equids caused by flagellate protozoan Trypanosoma equiperdum.
Beside characteristic clinical signs on the genital tract, it can be manifested with other
complications, and lethality can reach 50%. Both diseases presented significant
trouble for horses (glanders also for humans) during the First and the Second World
War. Nowadays the diseases are still endemic in Africa, Asia and South America.
Scenario from Brazil (2009) and Germany (2014) with confirmed cases of glanders,
also from Italy (2011) with 6 dourine outbreaks confirmed forewarn us that the
permanent risk of the re-emergence of both diseases is existent, facilitated with
international horse trade and equestrian sports. According to the OIE, disease
diagnostic is primarily directed on revealing seroreactive individuals using
complement fixation test (CFT). During 2022 on the Institute of Veterinary Medicine
of Serbia, Department of Immunology, for the serodiagnostic of glanders and dourine
were received blood samples from 49 and 22 horses, respectively. By CFT no specific
antibodies against causative agent of glanders, i.e. dourine were detected. Despite
equestrianism in Serbia is from different reasons devastated for long, an increased
number of equine samples for the diagnostics of the two important contagious diseases
is noticed. By education of owners and veterinarians, forehand and adequate
diagnostics it is possible to maintain the status of a country free from glanders and
dourine
The role and importance of disinfection in the prevention of canine parvovirus disease in dog kennels
No full textParvoviroza pasa je veoma zarazna bolest pasa čiji je uzročnik pseći parvovirus
tip 2 (CPV-2). Kontaminacija objekata i njihovog okruženja je česta uprkos vakcinaciji pasa protiv parvovirusa. Poseban problem predstavlja otpornost virusa u
spoljašnjoj sredini tokom dužeg perioda sa mogućnošću prenošenja na prijemčivog domaćina, ali i njegova otpornost prema većini dezinfekcionih sredstava. Parvovirus pokazuje osetljivost prema halogenima, kao što je natrijum-hipohlorit koji
se sve češće koristi u procesima dezinfekcije u odgajivačnicama širom sveta. Dobra
higijenska praksa i dezinfekcija u odgajivačnicama, ali i kontinuirana edukacija
vlasnika mogu smanjiti rizik od pojave oboljenja.Canine parvovirus is a highly contagious disease of dogs caused by canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2). Contamination of dog housing facilities, as well as their
environment, is common despite vaccination of dogs against parvovirus. A special
problem is the resistance of the virus in the environment for long periods with
the possibility of being transmitted to susceptible host, but also its resistance to
most disinfectants. Parvovirus shows sensitivity to halogens such as sodium hypochlorite, which is increasingly used in disinfection processes in kennels around the world. Good hygiene practices and disinfection in kennels, as well as continuing education of the owners, can reduce the risk of disease occurrence
Indexing of the fatty acid profile of freshly smoked sausages for its caracterization in a healthy human diet
No full textMeso je jedan od najvećih izvora nutitivnih elemenata kao što su masti, proteini, vitamini, minerali i mnoge druge bioaktivne komponente. Svinjsko meso i proizvodi od svinjskog mesa su najkonzumiranija hrana u Srpskom jelevniku. Zbog različitih oprečnih mišljenja i uticaja na različite bolesti, cilj ove studije je bio da se ukaže na pozitivne i negativne efekte ishrane. Dimljene kobasice su jedno od najomiljenijih jela Srpske kuhinje pa je ovde obrađena nutritivna vrednost, kao i profil masnih kiselina. Profil masnih kiselina zavisi pre svega od hrane za životinja, pa tako sastav tokom ishrane životinja ima posledice i različiti uticaj na zdravlje. Pregled masnih kiselina se najbolje izražava karakterizacijom preko kvalitativnih i nutritivnih zdravstvenih indeksa. Takođe, sastav masnih kiselina utiče na senzorne karakteristike i nutritivni kvalitet proizvoda. Metil estri masnih kiselina su analizirani korišćenjem gasne hromatografije sa plameno jonizacionom detekcijom (GC/FID). Postupak analize obuhvatio je proces ekstrakcije masti i potom proces esterifikacije masnih kiselina. Dobijena nutritivna vrednost dimljenih kobasica je 1537kJ/ 368 kcal. Sadržaj ukupnih proteina je bio 16.0 %, a sadržaj natrijum hlorida 2.4 %. Sadržaj masti je bio 34,2 %, od čega je zasićenih masnih kiselina (SFA) 39,36 %. Najveća je količina je palmitinske kiseline (C16:0) od 24,93 %, a druga po zastupljenosti je stearinska kiselina (C18:0) sa 14,22 %. Procenat mononezasećenih kiselina (MUFA) je 47,86 %, a polinezasićenih kiselina (PUFA) je 14,78 %. Odnos n-6/n-3 kiselina je 34,74 što ukazuje na deficijent u n-3 masnim kiselinama. Preporučena vrednost odnosa PUFA/SFA od strane Evropske agencije za bezbednost hrane je veća od 0,4, ali je u ispitivanim kobasicama 0,325. Odnos LA/ALA je 8,7 i to su esencijalne kiseline koje ljudi ne mogu sintetisati. Povoljne vrednosti aterogenog i trombogenog indeksa su manje od 1. U kobasicama aterogeni indeks (AI) je 0,45, a trombogeni je nepovoljan i jednak je 1,25. Hipo/hiperholesterolemični indeks (HH) ima vrednost od 2,17 i preporučena je što veća vrednost. Analiza sastava masnih kiselina značajna je zbog informisanja potrošača, odnosno deklarisanja prozvoda, kao i relavantnih informacija o zdravstvenom efektu u toku ishrane